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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adaptive theory of sleep |
Sleep is the evolutionary outcome of self-preservation |
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Restorative theory of sleep |
Suggests that sleep allows the brain and body to restore certain depleted chemical resources, while eliminating wastes that have accumulated during waking day |
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Circadian Rhythm |
Within each 24-hour cycle, we experience a sustained period of wakefulness that gives way to a period of sleep -Shifts in body temperature~naps and feeling energized/fatigued -Considered "biological clock" -Pitutary gland secretes hormones while we sleep |
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Suprachiasmatic nucleus |
-Located in hypothalamus -Responsible for coordinating the many rhythms of the body -When night time comes, it directs the pineal gland to secrete melatonin~causes sleepiness |
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Patterns of sleep |
Every 90-100 mins while we sleep, we pass through a cycle that consists of five stages (EEG readings) Hypnagogic state: experience alpha waves, experience strange sensations (falling) Stage 1 of sleep: alpha waves to theta waves, signals a bridge between wakefulness and sleep (lasts only few mins) Stage 2 of sleep: slowing of brain waves, exhibit sleep spindles, breathing becomes rhythmic, at the end delta waves replace theta waves~deep sleep (lasts 15-20 mins) Stage 3 of sleep: 20-50% of EEG waves are delta waves Stage 4 of sleep: percentage of delta waves increases to more than 50%, heart rate blood pressure and breathing rates all drop to lowest levels (stage people are prone to sleep walking) |
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REM sleep |
Stage of sleep associated with rapid and jagged brain-wave patterns, increases heart rate, rapid and irregular breathing, rapid eye movements, and dreaming |
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Freudian dream theory |
argued that dreams represent the expression of unconscious wishes or desires - believed that dreams allow us to rid ourselves of the internal energy associated with unacceptable feelings |
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Information processing theory |
Dreams are the minds attempt to sort out and organize the days experiences and to fix them in memory |
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Activation synthesis model |
theory that dreams result from the brain's attempt to synthesize or organize random internally generated signals and give them meaning - Neurons in the brain stem activate neurons in other areas throughout the brain, the brain then combines these signals into a story or dream |
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Most common sleep disorders |
1. Insomnia (caused by stress, dependence) 2. Sleep apnea (common in overweight men) 3. Night terrors |
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Effects of Psychoactive drugs |
- Drugs work by affecting neurotransmitters - Reward learning pathway - Neurotransmitter is dopamine |