Connective Tissue

Front 1

Epi v CT: cellularity

Back 1

epi high, CT low to high

Front 2

Epi v. CT: EC matrix

Back 2

Epi none, CT abundant

Front 3

Epi v CT: surface exposure

Back 3

epi essentially always, CT essentially never

Front 4

Epi v. CT: function

Back 4

epi= parenchyma of organ, CT=stroma of orga

Front 5

Epi v CT: vascularity

Back 5

epi rarely (except stria vascularis), CT usually (except cartilage)

Front 6

2 components of CT

Back 6

Matrix (fibers and ground substance, eg, collagen and gel)

Cells (synthesize matrix)
-may be resident or transient (eg, WBC)

Front 7

Specialized connective tissues

Back 7

blood
adipose
reticular ct
cartilage
bone

Front 8

Loose CT locations

Back 8

surrounding glands/between secretory ducts

under epithelium of GI tract

mesentery of body

Front 9

Dense irregular CT locations

Back 9

dermis

Front 10

Dense regular CT locations

Back 10

tendon
cornea

Front 11

Collagen (___ of all body protein)

Back 11

1/3 of all body protein (most of which is collagen I)

Front 12

Tropocollagen structure

Back 12

Triple helix of alpha chains
1/3 gly
lots of pro and hypro
glycosylation of OH groups

Front 13

Collagen fiber crossbanding

Back 13

1/4 staggered array
crosslinking via hylys

Front 14

Elastic collagen fiber

Back 14

amorphous and fibrillar components
stable, low turnover rate, long life span
Amorphous component= elastin w/desmosine/isodes, plus hydrophobic aa

Fibrillar component=fibrillin to stabilize amorphous elastin

Front 15

GAGs

Back 15

repeating disaccharide units, most sulfated

contribute to ground substance

Front 16

Chondroitin sulfate

Back 16

in cartilage/bone matrices

glucuronic acid

Front 17

Heparan sulfate

Back 17

basal lamina, loose CT

iduronic acid

Front 18

Keratan sulfate

Back 18

dermis, bone matrices

galactose

Front 19

Dermatan sulfate

Back 19

dermis

Front 20

Hyaluronic acid

Back 20

NOT SULFATED
many CT matrices
glucuronic acid

Front 21

Collagen I locations?

Back 21

dermis, bone, tendon, dentin, fascia, ligaments, uterus, arteries

Front 22

Collagen II locations

Back 22

Hyaline cartilage

Front 23

Collagen III locations

Back 23

Reticular connective tissue

Front 24

Collagen IV locations

Back 24

Basal lamina

Front 25

Proteoglycan monomer=
Proteoglycan aggregate=

Back 25

GAG + core protein
hyaluronic acid + many monomers

Front 26

Proteoglycan functions in matrix

Back 26

viscosity
hold water, salts
resist compression, invasion
facilitate transport by diffusion

Front 27

Collagen function in matrix

Back 27

tensile strength

Front 28

Laminin

Back 28

protein of matrix

in basal lamina

Front 29

Fibronectin

Back 29

in CT matrix, surface of fibroblast, and in plasma
binds collagen, GAGs, fibrocytes, actin, bacteria, fibrin

Front 30

Fibronectin function

Back 30

cell anchoring, shape regulation, attach cells to clot for wound healing

Front 31

Chondronectin

Back 31

binds collagen to chondrocytes

Front 32

Osteonectin

Back 32

binds collagen to osteocytes

Front 33

Resident cells

Back 33

fibroblast, macrophage, adipocyte, mast cell, plasma cell

Front 34

Transient cells

Back 34

neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte

Front 35

Definitive cell of CT?

Back 35

fibrocyte

Front 36

Fibrocyte characteristics

Back 36

spindle/stellate shaped
lots of actin- contractile in wound healing
motile- can crawl via tubulin/actin
can synthesize things
can be mitotic, multipotent

Front 37

Mast cell

Back 37

bone marrow derivative
located near epi surface or in blood vv so is a good compatant
has granules containing histamine, TNF, interleukins, cytokines, etc

Front 38

Mast cell functions

Back 38

Hypersensitivity rxns (via IgE)
angiogenesis, immune response, phagocytosis ofbact, atherosclerosis, antigen processing

Front 39

Macrophage

Back 39

monocyte derivative (monocyte increases lysosomal, phagocytic/amoeboid acitivity-->macrophage)
response to acute/chronic inflation
=dust cell in lung, kupffer cell in liver
Ag processor, and antibact, anditumor

Front 40

Plasma cells

Back 40

Blymphocyte derivative (B cell gets activated & produces Ab)
eccentric nucleus, golgi halo, RER rich
Make Ab (local immune response)
common in GI, mammary gland, salivary glands

Front 41

Adipocyte

Back 41

Flattened nucleus pressed to cell border by lipid droplet (signet ring)
Each cell in contact w/at least one capillary
Cells bound by reticular fiber network
Derived from bone marrow, mesenchymal cells,

Increase by hyperplasia in youth, by hypertrophy/conversion in adulthood

Front 42

Adipocyte function

Back 42

lipid storage and metabolism

Front 43

lipid storage stimulated by?
Mobilization stimulated by?

Back 43

insulin, glucose, LDLs

glucagon, ACTH, TSH, somatotropin, nerve impulse stimulation