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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the symptoms of conjunctival disorders? |
• Redness • Discharge • Pain – Grittiness,itching • Vision - photophobia |
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What are the signs of conjunctival disorders? |
• Redness – distribution • Papillae & follicles • Haemorrhage • Oedema – chemosis • Scarring • Symblepharon • Pigmentation • Lid disease • Corneal involvement • Lacrimal disease • Lymphadenopathy • Other mucus membranes • Uni or bilateral |
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What are the causes of conjunctivitis? |
• Infection • Allergic • Toxic • Auto-immune reactions • Other – irradiation, trauma |
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What are the exudate types of conjunctivitis? |
• Serous • Mucoid • Purulent • Pseudomembranous • Membranous • ligneous |
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What are the two types of time course for conjunctivitis? |
• Acute • Chronic |
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Describe bacterial conjunctivitis? |
• Acute • Purulent discharge ++ • Bilateral • Cornea usually unaffected • Staph, Strep, Haemophilus • Responds rapidly to topical antibiotics |
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Describe Ophthalmia neonatorum |
• First one month of life • Bilateral • Acquired from birth canal • Gonococcal – can perforate cornea • Chlamydia • Staphylococcal, Haemophilus, Herpes simplex • Emergency |
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Describe viral conjunctivitis |
• Common • Contagious • Muco-serous discharge • Pink eye – mild chemosis • Follicles • Pre-auricular lymphadenopathy • Adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis • Corneal spots – photophobia • Sore throat • Self-limiting – 2 weeks • Hygeine |
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Describe conjunctivitis associated with chlamydia |
• World-wide importance – trachoma • Sexually transmitted disease • Follicular reaction with corneal infiltrates • Swabs • Referral to STD clinic |
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Describe allergic conjunctivitis |
• Spectrum of disease • Itching • Mucus discharge • Acute reaction or chronic • Hypersensitivity reaction • Type I - IV • Immediate & delayed • Acute reaction – chemosis – short-lived • Seasonal – hay-fever • Atopic keratoconjunctivitis • Lid dermatitis & thickening • Corneal pannus • Chronic, bilateral • Cataract & keratoconus |
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Describe vernal keratoconjunctivitis (allergic conjunctivitis) |
• Children & young adults • Itching, watering, mucus, photophobia • GPC – cobblestones • Seasonal • Superior corneal erosion, ulcer, plaque |
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What is the treatment for allergic conjunctivitis? |
• Mast cell stabilising drops – cromoglycate • Topical steroids • Mucolytics • Plaque debridement |
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Describe Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis |
• Middle-aged women • TED • Gritty, watering, photophobia • Superior limbal inflammation • Lubricants, mucolytics, BCL |
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Describe pingeculae |
Common interpalpebral plaques |
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Describe pterygia |
• Wing-shaped fibrovascular ingrowths • May need surgery |
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Describe elastotic degeneration |
UV exposure |
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Describe conjunctival pigmentation |
• Melanosis Racial Primary acquired Malignant potential – biopsy & obs/treatment • Secondary epithelial melanosis • Subepithelial melanosis Congenital, Naevus of Ota |
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Describe conjunctival naevi? |
• Common – childhood / puberty • Single, well-defined , flat • Superficial • Perilimbal & caruncle • Cystic element • Low malignant potential |
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Describe conjunctival tumours |
Papilloma • Viral & non-viral • Excision / cautery Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia • Elderly, interpalpebral, white plaque • Excision biopsy • Squamous cell carcinoma Malignant melanoma - rare |
