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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is menniers disease |
Overproduction of endolymph → inappropriate nerve excitation |
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symptoms of menniers disease |
Episodic(minutes to hours), can occur over prolonged periods. BPPV possbtwn. Severevertigo, fluctuating hearing loss w/ gradual reduction over time, fullness ofear, tinnitus. nausea, vomiting, and sweating caused by severe vertigo Mostprevalent in Caucasians, females > males |
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symptoms of labrynthitis |
Constantvertigo until resolved Hearingloss & aural fullness Tinnitus Earpain & discharge Fever, nausea, vomiting Adults30-60 |
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symptms of vestibular neuritis |
same as labrynthitis but no hearing loss |
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light-headed causes |
VBAI hypotension subclavian vein syndrome diuretics, beta blockers hyperglycemia anxiety, depresion, dementia |
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VBAI symptoms |
Neck stiffness w/out ↓RoM or significant finding5 D’s – dizziness, diplopia, dysarthria, dysphagia, drop attacks 3 N’s – nystagmus, nausea, numbness Looking for a constellation of symptoms, not 1 alone NEW/WORST pain, thunderclap HA Family history, age, hypermobility (Ehler’s Danlos, Marfans…) |
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what is Myaesthenia gravis |
Rare autoimmune diseaseantibodies form against acetylcholine nicotinic postsynaptic receptors at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscles90% patients present <40 yearsFemale prevalence 2:1Fatigable weakness |
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symmtpoms of myaesthenia gravis |
Fatigable proximal weakness in limbsalleviated by rest, worse end of the dayMay see fatigable hyper-reflexiaPatients progress in severity over weeks to monthsTends to spread from the ocular to facial to bulbar muscles and then to truncal and limb musclesIf ocular only may remain stable for years (16% pts)
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symptoms of guillain barre syndrome |
Acute viral infectionSymmetrical feet/hands weakness ascending proximallyMotor weakness flaccid paralysisParaesthesia in hands/feet50% pts experiene severe pain on movement in shoulder, girdle, back, and posterior thighs |
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symptomf of motor neuron disease |
Gradual, slowly progressive, painless weakness in 1 or more regions of the body
Assymetric weakness/wasting of extremitiesComplaints of educed finger dexterity, cramping, stiffness, and weakness or wasting of intrinsic hand muscles. Possible wrist drop Complaints of tripping, stumbling, or awkwardness when running. Foot drop and "slapping" gait Bulbar/pseudobulbar features (e.g. dysphagia, dysarthria – slurred speech) |
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spinal stenosis - cervical spondylosis |
Cervical myelopathy hand Subtle loss of dexteritymild proximal lower extremity weakness, often without neck or arm pain If associated cervical root impingement exists, experience sharp radicular pain into the affected arm, +associated paresthesias and weakness |
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pernicious anaemia or vit B12 def. symtpoms |
Can be caused by diet (vegan), alcoholism, IBD… Paraesthesia in glove/stocking distribution Signs of anaemia…Irritability/psychosis/ hallucinations/cognitive declineVision changesMuscle weakness |
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muscles weakness caused by general fatigue |
Chronic Fatigue syndrome Infection – Epstein Barr Cardiac Anaemia/hypoxia Neoplasm/Lymphoma Psychological (e.g. depression) |
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symtpoms of non-hogdkin lymphoma |
Progressive peripheral adenopathy, but not in a continuous pattern.
Night sweatsweight loss, fever Pruritus Persistent fatigue |
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what is PMR |
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory condition that causes many painful muscles (poly = many, myalgia = muscle pain). Any muscles can be affected, but it mainly affects the muscles of the shoulder and thigh.PMR can start at any age from 50 but mainly affects people over the age of 60. Women are affected 2–3 times as often as men and it affects about 1 in 2,000 people.
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symptoms of PMR |
severe and painful stiffness, which is often worse in the morning, especially in your shoulders and thighs and usually affecting both sides. PMR often strikes suddenly, appearing over a week or two and sometimes just after a flu-like illness. pain and stiffness is often widespread, is worse when resting and improves with activity or as the day goes on. |
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cervical stenosis with myelopathy symtpoms |
Heavy feeling in the legsInability to walk at a brisk paceDeterioration in fine motor skills (such as handwriting or buttoning a shirt)Intermittent shooting pains into the arms and legs (like an electrical shock), especially when bending their head forward (known as Lermitte’s phenomenon)Arm pain (cervical radiculopathy).
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cervical myelopathy assessment findings |
Muscular tone in the legs will be increasedDeep tendon reflexes in the knee and ankle will be accentuated (hyperreflexia)Forced extension of the ankle may cause the foot to beat up and down rapidly (clonus)Scratching the sole of the foot may cause the big toe to go up (Babinski reflex) instead of down (normal reflex)Flicking the middle finger may cause the thumb and index finger to flex (Hoffman’s reflex)Compromised coordination may be evidenced by difficulty walking and placing one foot in front of the other (tandem walking).
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