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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
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the Five Classics
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Originating during the Zhou dynasty, the Five Classics have a become a substantial part of the state examination curriculum since the first state college in 124 BCE.the Five Classics are described to have provided both the ideology that formed the Chinese government policy and the framework for how it was implemented. The content of these classics ranges from descriptions of deities, ghosts, spirits, and the rites performed for them, to philosophical explanations of the natural principles underlying these rites
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junzi
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a person of exemplary behavior, especially in Confucianism; traditionally translated in English as "gentlemen", implying the virtues of the upper class; a superior person, or one of virtue and exceptional character
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xiao
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filiel piety; a child's love for its parents expressed in respect and duty; the cornerstone of Confucianism , considered a virtue by all Chinese religions
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ren
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the central confucian virtue; usually translated as humaneness, benevolence, goodness, or compassion
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the Mandate of Heaven
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traditional Chinese philosophical concept concerning the legitimacy of rulers; predicated on the conduct of the ruler in questionbless the authority of a just ruler, as defined by the Five Confucian Relationships, but would be displeased with a despotic ruler and would withdraw its mandate, leading to the overthrow of that ruler. The Mandate of Heaven would then transfer to those who would rule best
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Classic of Changes (I-Ching)
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sehll and bone were replaced by the plant stalks used for divination in the Classic of Changes during the Shang to Zhoa transition; it is a change that reflected a conceptual shift away from an enchnated universe towards a more rational and impersonal one
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Mencius (Meng Ke)
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(c. 343 - 298 BCE) the second most prominent Confucian thinker, aslo known as Master Meng, Mengzi and Mencius, he believed that human nature is originally good
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yin and yang
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Yin and yang originally referred to the shady and sunny side of the mountain, but in time came to be associated with female and male qualities and, more broadly, complementary forces in the universe. Wu means "five" and xing can be translated as eleemnt, agent, force, or phase. Together the various components of the term specify the dynamic quality of the Naturalist school popular during the Han dynasty
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Xunzi
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(c. 310 - 219 BCE) the third most important classical confucian thinker, Xunzi maintained that human nature is evil
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li
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the single english transliteration used for two different chinese characters. The first sense, "rites", involves ritual practice and decorum. THe second, "principle" refers to the meaning of patterns in natural materials like wood or stone and was used by Neo-Confucians to designate the universal force or element that perfaces the cosmos
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Confucius (Kongzi)
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The first teacher of Confucianism, ,known in the West as Confucius (551-479 BCE)
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Neo-Confucianism
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. They presented five qualities that Chinese spirituality could contribute and may well serve as complements to specific Western values: Daoist-style retreat (Western progress), wisdom (intellect), mildness and compassion (assertive love, often mixed with a will to power), perpetuating ancestral spiritual will (speed and efficiency), and the ideal of the world as one family (nationalism).
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Analects
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singel most importatnt source of Confucius' teachings on strategies requried to bring security to this potentially chaotic period
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