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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is this? |
An obstruction of the artery |
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What is this |
CABG (Coronary artery bypass grafting)... where the balloon is inflated and breaks up the atherosclerotic plaque. |
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What is VENOUS DRAINAGE? |
Coronoary sinus which lies in the posterior part of the AV groove drains most ofthe blood from the heart wall to right atrium and is left of IVC. *small and medium cardiac veins are tributaries to the coronary sinus. |
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RCA stands for what |
Right Coronary Artery |
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RCA (Right Coronary Artery) |
from the anterior sinus of valsalva of the aorta right atrioventricular sulcus |
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RCA around the _______ can have one, two, or many branches |
right, many branches |
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RCA supplies the ______________________ of the IVS |
posterior third |
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RCA is located ________________ wall of RA |
Anteromedial |
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CIRCUMFLEX location |
left AV sulcus |
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CIRCUMFLEX branches to .....? |
upper lateral LA and LV |
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If CIRCUMFLEX has a third branch what does it come between
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the anterior IVS and CIRCUMFLEX |
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Where does LCA originate?
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left sinus of Valsalva.. near the dree edge of valcve cusp |
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_____ bifurcates or trifurcates |
LCA |
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What are the bifurcations of LCA |
CIRCUMFLEX and Anterior interventricular descending (LEFT ANTERIOR DESCENDING -LAD) |
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LAD stands for |
Left anterior descending |
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LAD is located where |
Anterior groove travels to the right and toward the apex then travels superior and posterior interventricular groove |
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What is largely embedded in fat? |
LAD |
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LAD braches to the _____________ and _______ |
right walls and IVS |
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LAD can ______________ with RCA |
Anastomose |
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LAD supplies _________________ portion of the _______ |
anterior 2/3, IVS |
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LAD supplies ..... |
* anterior 2/3 portion ofthe IVS *anterior apical *anterior papillary muscles *one of septalbranches originates from the upper 1/2 of anterior IVS and supplies mid systemincluding Bundle of His and anterior papillary muscles |
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RED? |
SA NODE |
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ORANGE? |
BACHMANN'S BUNDLE |
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YELLOW? |
ATRIAL INTERNODAL TRACTS OR INTERNODAL PATHWAYS either or |
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GREEN? |
AV NODE |
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WHITE |
BUNDLE OF HIS, AV BUNDLE |
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LIGHT BLUE |
RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH |
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PINK GREY PURPLE |
THEY ARE BRANCHES OF THE LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH * PINK- ANTEROSUPERIOR FASCICLE *GREY - INFEROPOSTERIOR FASCICLE *PURPLE - FASCICLE FIBERS |
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DARK BLUE (BOTTOM) |
PERKINJE FIBERS |
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CARDIAC MUSCLE is similar to _______________ in __________ and in ____________ |
skeletal muscle, physiology, biochemistry |
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Which muscle has long and cylindrical cells |
Skeletal muscle |
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Which (skeletal/cardiac )muscle cells are shorter and broader |
CARDIAC MUSCLE |
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(skeletal/cardiac) muscle is more branched and interconnected |
cardiac |
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(skeletal/cardiac) muscle junctions occur at intercalated discs |
cardiac |
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What is the purpose of the intercalated discs |
to form a tighter unit |
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(skeletal/cardiac) use more energy in metabolism |
cardiac? |
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What is the heart |
a pump that acts like an integrated unit due to the basic cellular level. |
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The heart is innervated by __________ and ______________ |
parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves |
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_____ only increases or decreases the time it takes to complete a cardiac cycle |
ANS (autonomic nervous system) |
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automaticity in the conduction system means? |
the walls can contract without the stimulus of ANS |
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The heart has an ________________system |
intrinsic |
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What is the conduction system |
MASS of NERVE-LIKE CELLS/SPECIALIZED TISSUE THAT GENERATES AND DISTRIBUTES ELECTRICAL IMPULSES |
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In the conduction system a __________ event will lead to a __________ event |
electrical, mechanical |
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components of the conduction system |
* Sinus-Atrial node /SA * Atrioventricular node / AV *Atrioventricular bundle (bundle of his) *bundle branches *purkinje fibers |
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What is a node? |
a compact mass of the conducting cells |
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Pacemaker? |
SA node |
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SA node is located where |
in the RA inferior to the SVC (Superior vena cava) |
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On the epicardium the SA node appears as ___________________ |
sulcus terminalis |
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SA node stimulates in what direction |
of the AV node and cephalic and dorsal/lateral direction |
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HR is influenced by what? |
* ANS *Blood born chemicals *Thyroid and epinenphrine |
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What is this an image of? |
Conduction system |
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SA to AV |
*Spreads left to Bachman’sBundle across IAS to AV node/ and posterior IAS to ramify on LA *Middle internodaltract=leaves the posterior / dorsal SAnode to cross the IAS and merge at AV node * Posterior internodaltract |
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AV node location |
Lower atria/ between the 2 atria left of the coronary sinusopening |
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AV node is one of the _______ portions of the atria to be _________ |
atria, depolarized |
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AV node is the connection betweenthe ___________ and _____________ |
atria, ventricle |
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AV Node stimulates? |
The upper end is in continuitywith atrial myocardium and fibers of the internodaltracts Lower end- nodal fibers change toform the common bundle |
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Common Bundle also known as |
Bundle of His or Common AV bundle |
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Common bundle is a tract of ________________ |
conducting fibers |
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What passes through right fibrous trigonealong the posterior edge of the membranous septum to the muscular septum |
Bundle of his |
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Common bundle distributes charge over ________ of Ventricles |
medial surface |
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What rapidly subdivides and forms abroad sheet of fascicles that sweeps over left ventricular septalsurface |
left bundle branch |
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Left bundle branch frequently divides into the _________ and __________ |
anterior and posterior |
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What initiates functional contact onleft endocardialsurface of IVS |
Left Bundle branch |
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_________________________ extends some distance withoutsubdivision |
Right bundle branch |
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Right bundle branch one branch usually passes through the _________________ and the other parts extend over the _____________________ |
moderator band, myocardial surface |
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Both bundle branches subdivideand form the subendocardialnetwork of _______________ |
purkinje fibers |
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Purkinje fibers are in directconnection to the ________________ |
muscle fibers |
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The actual contraction of ventricles is stimulated by what? |
purkinje fibers |
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The loss of polarity in a nerveor muscle cell resulting in a wave of depolarization through the cell and thedevelopment of a nerve impulse |
Depolarization |
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Resting potential means? |
not transmitting an impulse and polarized |
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is an imbalance in the electricalcharges existing on either side of the plasma membrane |
Resting potential |
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During resting potential inner surface is __________ (positively/negatively) charged |
negatively |
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During ACTION POTENTIAL the inner charge becomes _____________(positive/negative) and_____________ takes place |
positive, contraction |
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Action potential = ________________ |
depolarized |
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____________ is when electrical, chemical , ormechanical stimulus alters the resting potential by increasing the permeabilityof the plasma membrane. |
Action potential |
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Wave of depolarization spreads like a _______ |
chain |
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What is it called when the action potential has stopped |
Repolarization |
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repolarization is when intracellular is ____________ (pos/neg) charged |
negatively |
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polarized -> _____________ -> ________________ |
depolarized, repolarized |
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A stimulus strong enough todepolarize results in a _____________________ |
nerve impulse |
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either there is propagation orthere is none true or false |
true |
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Heart cant be stimulated anywhereand it keeps going from there true or false |
false it can |
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a stronger impulse results in thesame impulse true and false |
true |
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What occurs during p wave |
atrial depolarzation |
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What happens during QRS complex |
ventricular depolarization |
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T wave stands for |
ventricular repolarization or ventricular diastole |
