Conditions Of The Hip

Front 1

What is the neck shaft angle of the femoral head?

Back 1

125-140 degrees

Front 2

What muscles does the femoral nerve innervate?

Back 2

Iliopsoas (and pectinius adductor)

Front 3

What muscles does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

Back 3

Gluteus Maximus

Front 4

What muscles does the Tibial nerve innervate?

Back 4

Hamstring muscles(Biceps Femoris Long head, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosis)

Front 5

What muscles does the peroneal nerve innervate?

Back 5

short head of biceps femoris

Front 6

What muscles does the obturator nerve innervate?

Back 6

(Adductors) Obturator externus, adductor brevis, longus, magnus, gracilis

Front 7

What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

Back 7

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, Tensor fascia lata (IT band)

Front 8

Hip external rotators are innervated by?

Back 8

n. to obturator internus and n. to quadriceps femoris

Front 9

Which conditions must be ruled out when a patient presents with hip pain

Back 9

septic joint, femoral neck fracture, bone or soft tissue tumor, RA

Front 10

What is the presentation of trochanteric brusitis?

Back 10

sharp intense pain, well-localized tenderness over the lateral hip, differentiated from groin pain. Symptoms are exacerbated with flexion, external rotation, and abduction of the hip. Xrays are negative

Front 11

How is trochanteric brusitis treated?

Back 11

NSAIDS, cortisone injections, conservative therapy

Front 12

History and PE of osteoarthritis of the hip?

Back 12

Insidious pain the the GROIN, radiate to knee, relieved with rest. Obesity contributes, on PE examine leg lengths, lower back. Shows limited ROM and crepitus. Xray will show arthritic changes.

Front 13

How is osteoarthritis of the hip treated?

Back 13

conservatively, activity modification, NSAIDS, intra-articular injection, PT, hip replacement

Front 14

Pathophysiology of AVN of femoral head

Back 14

necrotic areas of trabecular bone and bone marrow that extends into the subchondral plate. Caused by impairment of circulation to the affected areas of bone (onset could be gradual or sudden)

Front 15

Clinical Risk factors for AVN?

Back 15

chronic alcohol abuse, steroid use, SLE, sickle cell, pancreatitis, renal failure, hyperlipidemia, coagulopathies, irridation, cytotoxic therapy, idiopathic, HIV, smoking, pregnancy, OCPs

Front 16

What is the onset of AVN of the femoral head?

Back 16

insidious deep groin pain worse with walking, with accompanying risk factors, progressive symptoms. High incidence of bilaterality,

Front 17

Whati s the most sensitive imaging modality for AVN?

Back 17

MRI

Front 18

How do you treat AVN?

Back 18

Conservative therapy first, to preven subchondral collapse. Operative treatment requires decompression of the femoral head, total hip,

Front 19

What is the most common cause of groin pain in athletes?

Back 19

adductor strains, and the adductor longus muscle is most frequently injured. Caused by hip hyperabduction and abdominal hyperextension.

Front 20

What is the presentation of an adductor strain?

Back 20

Sudden onset of groin pain, tender along pubic ramus, pain with passive abduction. Treated with RICE, NSAIDS.

Front 21

What is the clinical presentation of an acetabular labral tear?

Back 21

Twisting or hyperrotation of hip, machanical signs of catching, popping, lockin, dull ache in groin, pain or clicking with flexion, adduction and internal rotation.

Front 22

How are acetabular labral tears diagnosed and treated?

Back 22

MRI, tx with partial weightbearing, local anesthetic, arthroscopy.

Front 23

What is the etiology of pubalgia(athletic hernia) ?

Back 23

Hyperextension and thigh hyperabduction. Muscle imbalance b/w strong adductors and weak lower abdomen leads to tearing of the pelvic floor (rectus abdominis and internal oblique.)

Front 24

Clinical presentation of pubalgia?

Back 24

Insidious onset of unilateral groin pain, pain during exercise, coughing, sneezing, tenderness over pubic tubercle.

Front 25

How is pubalgia diagnosed and treated?

Back 25

radiographs, bone scan, mri, non-operative treatment, surgery if no resolution after 6-8 weeks.

Front 26

What is the etiology of an external snapping hip?

Back 26

IT band snaps over the greater trochater with hip flexion and extension. Associated with painful brusitis, and is the most common cause of snapping hip. Treat with Rest, IT band stretching, NSAIDS, steroids

Front 27

What is the etiology of the internal snapping hip?

Back 27

Illiopsoas catches over the pelvic brim, femoral head, or lesser trochanter. Seen in ballet dancers, sprinters, hurdlers.

Front 28

What kind of injury is seen in adolescent athletes that involves a forceful concentric or eccentric contraction of the muscle group that attaches on the apophysis?

Back 28

Apophyseal avulsion injury. Common in soccer, football, track, baseball. Treated surgically to fix the nonunion, followed by physical therapy.

Front 29

Where are contusions most common?

Back 29

Hip, groin, knee. Usually in sports with direct contact, history is important. Treat with RICE for 1-3 days.

Front 30

In what sports are contusions most common, especially in the thigh?

Back 30

football and soccer, contact sports. Diagnosed by localized pain, swelling, decreased motion, mass, ultrasound, xray, and MRI confirm. Treat with immobilization, advancing to functional rehab, NSAIDS controversial

Front 31

What are risk factors for a quadriceps or hamstring strain?

Back 31

lack of flexibility, muscle weakness, poor posture, poor warmup, muscle fatigue. Treatment is nonoperative, prevention is the key.