Concepts Of Socilogy

Front 1

The main concepts of sociology are:

Back 1

Socialization
Norms
Values
Beliefs
Culture
Sanctions
Staus

Front 2

Secondary concepts

Back 2

Social order
Social institution
Social change
Social control
Nature vs Nurture

Front 3

Socialization

Back 3

The process where by norms,values and beliefs are passed on.

It can be formal or informal e.g gender socialization.

There are 3 types of socialization
1.Primary
2.Secondary
3.Anticipatory

Front 4

Primary Socialization

Back 4

Agent responsible is the family
Provide parental role models
Language development
Cultural participation
Basic social skills
Appropriate behaviour
Obedience to authority

Front 5

Secondary Socialization

Back 5

Agents responsible are the school,religion,peer groups and mass media.

New information is learn.
Behaviour in a group setting is learnt.
Insulate attitude consistent with future roles.
offers ways of behaving not taught at home.
Formal education is crucial.

Front 6

Anticipatory Socialization

Back 6

A person takes on the attitudes and standards of the group he o she wishes to join.

Voluntary process of preparing to accept the norms and behaviour.

Front 7

What are Norms

Back 7

Norms are socially acceptable behavior, outward expressions of society's values, enforced by sanctions.
There are 4 types of norms
1. Folkways
2. Mores
3. Laws
4. Taboos

Front 8

What are folkways

Back 8

Relatively weak norms.
Conformity is expected but not enforced.
Does not attract sanctions when violated.
Example: having manners and dressing appropriately

Front 9

What are Mores

Back 9

Mores attract serious negative sanctions.
Strictly enforced.
Acts as a standard or guide for behaviour.
Example: murder is forbidden, incest is punishable by law.

Front 10

What are Laws

Back 10

Laws are legal norms.
Moral norms that exists explicitly to control behaviour. Included in society's code of conduct.
Punishment ranges from paying fines to imprisonment.

Front 11

What are Taboos

Back 11

Behaviours that are treated with extreme revulsion.
They are super mores.
Example: incest and cannibalism.

Front 12

Why do we conform

Back 12

Indoctrination - told over and over to do something the right way.
Habituation - doing something over and over.
Practicality-when people predict our reaction to certain things, relationships are made easier.
Desire for approval.

Front 13

What are values

Back 13

Things people consider to be important, desirable and good.
Long range commitment people share culturally.
They describe moral goals.
Example: the ten commandments

Front 14

What are Beliefs

Back 14

Beliefs are things held to be true.
Support value.
Example: Christians believe in creation while evolutionist believe in evolution.

Front 15

What is Culture

Back 15

Culture is a learnt behaviour.

Hint 15

Includes ideas, techniques and habits passed on from generation to generation.
Having a culture distinguishes us from the animals distinguishes.
Culture is shared.
It is passed on through language.