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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Proton
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Positively charged subatomic particle found in an atom’s nucleus.
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Neutron
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Subatomic particle found in an atom’s nucleus; has mass but no charge.
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Electron
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Negatively charged unit of matter, with particle-like and wavelike properties; occupies an orbital around atomic nucleus.
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Atomic Number
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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; identifies an element.
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Mass Number
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The sum of all protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus.
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Isotopes
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Two or more forms of an element’s atoms differing in the number of neutrons.
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Radioisotopes
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Isotope with an unstable nucleus (too many or too few neutrons).
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Ion
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An atom with a positive or negative charge. Ions form when an atom gains or loses electrons
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Ionic Bonding
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Interaction between ions held together by attraction of opposite charges
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Covalent Bond
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Sharing of one or more electrons between two atoms
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Polar/Nonpolar
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One atom has a stronger pull on electrons so the molecules has a positive and negative poles/electrons shared equally, no poles
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Hydrogen Bonding
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An intermolecular interaction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and a different atom bearing a negative charge (e.g., oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen).
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Properties of Water
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no net charge, but has a positive (H) and negative (O) end.
Attracts other polar molecules such as sugars and salts (hydrophilic) Repels oil and other nonpolar molecules (hydrophobic) Hydrophilic/phobic interactions important for the formation of cell membranes;temperature stabilizing;Compared with other fluids,it can absorb a lot of heat energy before increasing in temperature. (High specific heat) |
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Acid/Base
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Any dissolved substance that donates H+ to other solutes or to water molecules/Any substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water, thus forming hydroxyl ions (OH– ). Also, the nitrogencontaining component of a nucleic acid.
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pH
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A measure of the H+ concentration (acidity) of blood, water, and other solutions. pH 7 is neutral.
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