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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of nursing as per the ANA?
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the dx and tx of human responses to actual or potential health problems
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List the orders of nursing science from absctract to concrete
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grand theory
concept theoretical model mid-range theory descriptive theory paradign science/domain |
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What is the definition of "sceince/domain"?
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the worldview or perspective of the discipline
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What is the definition of paradign
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explains the linkages between nursing science, philosophy and theory; Directs the activity of the profession
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Define Theory
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set of interrelated concepts that explain and predict phenonena in nursing. Tested and validated thru research..
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What do nursing theories do?
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establish foundation
guide research improve practice |
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what are concepts?
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ideas or mental images that describe pheonmena
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Define phenomenon
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event, situation or area of reality
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Define research
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systematic,m controlled investigation of hypotherical questions about relationships
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what do quantative theories do?
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test theories already developed
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What do qualitative theories do?
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generate new theories
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what is the general purpose of a theory?
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to establish a foundation for the profession
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what are the three components of a theoru?
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concepts
defiunitions assumptions |
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what are the five characteristics of a theoru
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logical and simple
generaliziable across the care contimuum describe a particular pheomena explain relationships predict the effects of one phenomenon on another |
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What is a grand theory?
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broad; aimed at describing large segments of the physical, social or behavioral world. too big to be tested
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define mid-range theory
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focuses on only a piece of human reality or experience
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define descriptive theory
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first elvel of theory development. describe phenomena; does not direct nursing activity
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define prescriptive theory
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action oriented; addresses nursing interventions
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define interdisciplinary theory
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explains a systematic view of a phenomenon specific to the discipline of inquiry
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what theory is Maslow's Heirarchy of needs an example of?
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interdisciplinary
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define health promotion
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the practices such as nutrition and excercise to remain healthy
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define illness prevention
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activities such as immunications
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define health as per the WHO
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a state of complete physical, mental and social well being, not merely the absence of diseast or infirmity
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define illness as per P & P
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state in which a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired compared with previous experience
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what are healthy behaviors
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activities related to maintaining, attaining or regaining good health and preventing illness
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what are illness behaviors?
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refer to the way sumptoms are perceived, evaluated and acted upon by the patient
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name the internal variables that influence health beliefs and practices
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developmental stage
intellectual background perception of functioning emotional factors spiritual factors |
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name the external variables that influence health beliefs and practices
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fmaily practices
soocioeconomic factors cultural background |
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describe the primary level of preventive care
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tsrue prevention. applied to clients considered physically and emotionally healthy
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describe the secondary level of preventive care
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focuses on clients experiencing health problems or illness and are at risk for complications or worsening conditions
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describe the tertiary level of preventive care;
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occurs when a deficit or disability is permant and irreversible. Minimize long term effects by intervention
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name the two non-modifiable risk factors
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genetic and physiological
age |
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what are illness behaviors?
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refer to the way sumptoms are perceived, evaluated and acted upon by the patient
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name the two modifiable risk factors
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environment
lifestyle |
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name the internal variables that influence health beliefs and practices
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developmental stage
intellectual background perception of functioning emotional factors spiritual factors |
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name the external variables that influence health beliefs and practices
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fmaily practices
soocioeconomic factors cultural background |
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name the five stages of health behavior change
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precontemplation
contemplation preparation action maintenance |
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describe the primary level of preventive care
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tsrue prevention. applied to clients considered physically and emotionally healthy
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What characteristics describe a profession
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-theoretical body of knowledge
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describe the secondary level of preventive care
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focuses on clients experiencing health problems or illness and are at risk for complications or worsening conditions
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describe the tertiary level of preventive care;
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occurs when a deficit or disability is permant and irreversible. Minimize long term effects by intervention
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name the two non-modifiable risk factors
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genetic and physiological
age |
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name the two modifiable risk factors
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environment
lifestyle |
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name the five stages of health behavior change
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precontemplation
contemplation preparation action maintenance |
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What characteristics describe a profession
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-theoretical body of knowledge
-code of ethics -extended education -members have autonomy -provides specific service |
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Define ethics
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study of philosophical ideals of right and wrong behavior
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what a rebioethics
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ethics regarding life and health issues
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define autonomy
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person's independence for decision making (informed consent)
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define beneficence
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doin good for others (immunizations)
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define nonmaleficence
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the avoidance of harm or hurt (new treatment options)
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define justice
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fairness (transplant criteria
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define fidelity
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the agreement to keep promises (pain control)
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define altruism
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unselfish concern for the welfare of others
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define advocacy
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supporting the cause (clients rights)
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define confidentiality
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ensureing information accessible only to those who are authorized
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What is the code of ethics for nurses?
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guide for nurses to perform safe and compassionate care
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what are the five emphasis areas in the nursing code of ethics
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-nurse
-nurse and people -nurse and practice -nurse and profession -nurse and co-workers |
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define values
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personal beliefs about the worth of a given idea, custom or belief
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what are cultural values?
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values that are the result of social settings in which a person lives
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define Values Clarification
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process of self-discovery that helps a person gain insight into values
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what are the three steps in values clarification?
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1. choosing ones beliefs and behaviors
2. prizing one's beliefs and behaviors 3. acting on one's beliefs |
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define leadership
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use of personal traits and power to constructively and ethically influence others toward a goal
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define management
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setof behaviors and activities that provide structure and direction in conductin patient care and organizational functions
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define power
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ability to influence others in an effort to achieve
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define authority
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legitimate right to manipulate or change others
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what is a centralized management structure
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single administrator leads organization with directors overseeing departmental responsibilities. decisions made from top down
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what is a decentralized management sturcture
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staff members make decisions. managers have 24 horus accountability and responsibility for staff, budget and day to day management of work (shared governance)
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what is functional nursing
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functions are divided
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what is team nursing
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an rn leads team of nurses and cna
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what is total patient care
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an rn is responsible for all aspects of care for one or more clients
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what is primary nursing in the nursing care delivery models
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rn assumes responsibility for caseload of clients over period of time
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what is case management in the nursing care delivery models?
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coordinates and links health care services to clients and their families while streamlining coses and maintaining qualityl
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list the five rights of delegation
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right tasks
right circumstances right person right direction or communication right supervision |
