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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 steps for Content Analysis study
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1. Sample: (probability or non probability method)
2. Determine unit of analysis (ex. newspaper = paragraph(s)) 3. Develop coding categories (ex. bias = neg/pos/neutral) 4. Code the content |
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Content Analysis Example: Different Sampling unit & unit of analysis
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ex) Portrayal of overweight individuals on commercial TV
Sampling unit: prime time fictional programs Unit of analysis: character(s) Categories: gender / weight / attractiveness / eating / talk during dating |
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Content Coder Reliability (Inter-rater reliability)
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Applied repeatedly to same object yields same results each time. The best C.A. studies have more than one group of people code same content to establish reliability.
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2 Content Analysis Disadvantages
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1. Communication has to be recorded (speeches)
2. Methodology doesn't allow for making any statements about effects of content (possible but not real effects) |
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Social Intervention
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Things happening in society (social media, TV, etc...)
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Program evaluation
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Determines whether social intervention produces intended result.
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Cost-Effectiveness Study
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Determine relative cost & effects of two or more social interventions
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Cost-Benefit Study
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Determine whether results of program can be justified
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Quasi experiment
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Don't have random assignment to experiment an/or control groups
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3 Reasons why results of evaluation research not used
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1. results not presented in simplistic way (to non-researcher)
2. results contradict deeply held beliefs 3. vested interests |
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Calculate Standard Error
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S.E. = square root of P (1-P)
--------- X 2 n *Round 2 digits past first # other than zero |
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95% Confidence Interval
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S.E. subtracted and added to P
ex) .### to .### |
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3 Measures of central tendency in a data set
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Mean: Average
Median: Middle # (may need to calculate) Mode: most common (may be multiple medians) |
