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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a Low Level Language? |
Machine language - the 1st generation. Machine code executes directly without translation |
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Give an example of a Low Level Language (2nd generation). |
Assembly code - the 2nd generation. Written in assembly language mnemonics. E.g. ADD and LDA |
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What is an example of High Level Languages (3rd generation)? |
Languages such as ALGOL, COBOL, Pascal and Java |
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What does imperative HLL mean? |
It means that the instructions are executed in a programmer-defined sequence |
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What are the issues with assembly code? |
It is laborious to write and hard to debug |
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When is assembly code used? |
When a program must execute as fast as possible and when it needs to occupy as little space as possible |
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What are the features/advantages of HLL? |
Easier to learn/write/understand/debug/maintain. It uses English-like keywords and it is machine-independent |
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What is a program translator? |
It translates code the programmer writes (source code) into a form (i.e. machine code) the computer can execute (object code) |
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What is a compiler? |
It translates the whole high level language source code into object code which can later be executed |
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Object code can be saved on disk and run without being recompiled. True or False? |
True |
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User requires a compiler for a program translator. True or False? |
False. It does not require one |
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What is an interpreter? |
It translates and executes each statement one line at a time, no object code is stored and each statement has to be translated each time it is used |
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What is an assembler? |
It translates an assembly code program into machine code for execution |
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What are the advantages of a compiler? |
Object code can be saved and run whenever required without further need of a compiler, object code executes faster than interpreted code, object code can be distributed or executed without having a compiler present and object code is more secure |
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What are Fourth Generation Languages? |
Declarative languages are a type of 4GL, this would be something such as Prolog |
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What are Declarative languages well suited to? |
Programming expert systems and the processing of natural language |
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Declarative languages don't define how to solve a problem, instead they focus on what? |
Defining facts and rules associated with a particular problem |
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The order in which the rules and facts are stated is not important. True or False? |
True |
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What does executing a declarative program involve? |
Stating a goal to be achieved and allowing the system to determine whether the goal can be achieve with the given facts and rule |
