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122 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Access Provider
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Company that provides internet access.
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Active window
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The currently selected window.
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Application
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Software that is used for business or entertainment purposes.
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A/V (Audio Visual)
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Sophisticated sound and video recording capabilities.
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Byte
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One character of information usually 8 bits wide
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Bandwidth
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the capacity of the transmission medium stated in bits per second or as a frequency.
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Binary
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a numbering system with only 2 values: 0 and 1
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Binary Number System
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a counting system used in computers consisting of 1’s and 0’s.
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BIOS
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Basic Input-Output System Part of the computer’s operating system built into the machine.
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Bit
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a unit of measurement that represents 1 figure of data a bit is the smallest unit.
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Broadcast
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a packet whose special address makes it heard by everyone on a computer network.
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Booting
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starting a computer with a power switch
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Browser
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lets you get information on the internet through the World Wide Web.
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Cache
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an area of RAM reserved for recently read data so the processer can get it quickly.
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CD-Rom
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compact disk. You can’t save or change these files.
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Clipboard
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an area used to store cut or copied info. Erased when computer is shut down.
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Compression
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the reduction in size of an image file
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Cookies
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a file sent to a web browser by a web server used to record activity’s.
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CPU
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Central Processing Unit the brains of the computer
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Crash
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a problem that makes the computer stop working unexpectedly
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Cursor
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the mouse on the screen
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Cyberspace
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the electronic information available on the internet.
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Database
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a file made by a database manager that contains organized information
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Digital
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data or voltages with steps or levels
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Direct Connection
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a permanent communication connection between you computer and the internet
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Disk Defragmenter
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gets the blocks of information for a file into blocks on your hard drive
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DNS (Domain Name System)
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distributive replicated data query service
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DOS
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Disk operating system
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Download
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to get a file from another computer with a modem
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Driver
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software that tells the computer how to operate an external device
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E-mail
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electronic mail private messages sent between users on different computers
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Encryption
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a way of coding information in a file or email so it cannot be read if intercepted
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Ethernet
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a standard data link layer which can operate over several different media
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File
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a collection of information on a disk that’s lumped together
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Filter
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software that an application uses for file format conversion or special effects.
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Firewall
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a mechanism that isolates a network from the rest of the internet
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Folder
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an object that can hold other objects
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Font
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software that creates a typeface on the computer screen
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Format
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to initialize a disk and to prepare it for use
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FTP
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file transport protocol internet standard high level protocol for transferring files
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Gateway
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a special purpose dedicated computer that attaches two or more disparate networks
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Gigabyte (GB)
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1,024 megabytes 1,048,576 kilobytes of digital data
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Gigabit (Gb)
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information used to express data transfer rate
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GIF
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graphic interchange format file compression format made for transferring graphic files
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Hacker
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term for computer user who likes exploring computer systems
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Highlight
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lightest tones in an image
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Home Page
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document displayed when you first open a web client program
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Host
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computer system to which others are connected
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HTML
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hypertext markup language a system for tagging various parts of a web document
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Hue
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the color of an object seen by the eye
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Hypertext
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a text linking strategy that lets you jump between related information in a document by clicking a button or highlighted word
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Icon
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a graphical symbol representing a file, folder, disk or tool
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Import
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to bring data into a document from another document often generated by a different application
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Inactive Window
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a window that is open but is not the window
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Installer
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a utility that copies software or an application from floppy disks or a CD-Rom to your hard disk
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Internet
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the Internet is the largest internet in the world. The Internet is a multiprotocol network
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IP address
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internet protocol is the standard that allows dissimilar hosts to connect to each other through the internet
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ISP
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internet service provider a company that provides access to the internet
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JAVA
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an object oriented programming language to create executable content that can be easily distributed through the web
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Jpeg
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joint photographic experts group is a graphical file format that has a sophisticated technique for compressing full color bit mapped graphics
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Kilobyte (KB)
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a unit of data storage size
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Kilobit (kb)
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bits of information used to express a data transfer rate
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Keyword
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specific words used in text search engines
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LAN
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Local Area Network. A network of directly-connected machines (located in close proximity), providing high speed communication over physical media such as fiber optics, coaxial cable, or twisted pair wiring.
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Laser Printer
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Although a number of devices employ laser technology to print images, this normally refers to black-and-white desktop printers, which use the dry toner, xerographic printing process.
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Links
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Synonymous with anchors, hotlinks and hyperlinks
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Login
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The account name used to access a computer system.
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Mainframe
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A large, multi-tasking computer that is used by many users.
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Megabit (Mb)
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10^6 bits of information (usually used to express a data transfer rate; as in, 1 Megabit/second = 1Mbps).
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Megabyte (MB)
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A unit of data storage size which represents 10^6 (one million) characters of information.
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Megahertz (MHz)
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A million cycles (occurrences, alterations, pulses) per second. Used to describe the speed at which a computer's processor (or CPU) operates.
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Memory
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In general, another word for dynamic RAM, the chips where the computers store system software, programs, and data you are currently using. Other kinds of computer memory you may encounter are parameter RAM (PRAM), video RAM (VRAM), and static RAM (SRAM). Most computer memory is volatile, that is, its contents are lost when the computer shuts down.
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Menu
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A list of commands
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Menu Bar
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The horizontal bar that contains the names of available menus. The menu bar is located below the title bar.
75. MIDI- Musical Instrument Digital Interface. A technology that enables a computer to record and play musical performance. |
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Modem
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A device which converts digital signals into analog signals (and back) for transmission over telephone lines (modulator and demodulator).
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Motherboard
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The heart, soul, and brains of a computer. This plastic board resembles a miniature city, but its buildings are actually chips for things like the processing, RAM, and ROM, and the tiny roads connecting them are circuit traces. Also called the logic board. There are no fatherboards or sonboards, but see daughterboard.
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Mpeg
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Moving Pictures Expert Group. MPEG is an international standard for video compression and desktop movie presentation. You need a special viewing application to run the MPEG movies on your computer. MPEG II is a newer standard for broadcast-quality video.
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Multimedia
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any presentation or software program that combines several media such as graphics, sound, video, animation and/or text
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Multitasking
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The capability of an operating system to handle multiple processing tasks, apparently, at the same time.
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Netiquette
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A form of online etiquette. This term refers to an informal code of conduct that governs what is generally considered to be the acceptable way for users to interact with one another online.
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Network
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In general, a group of computers set up to communicate with one another. Your network can be a small system that's physically connected by cables (a LAN), or you can connect separate networks together to form larger networks (called WANs). The Internet, for example, is made up of thousands of individual networks
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Online
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Actively connected to other computers or devices. You're on-line when you've logged on to a network, BBS, or on-line service. A device such as a printer is on-line when it's turned on and accessible to a computer. If you're not on-line then you're off-line.
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Operating System
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Software that supervises and controls tasks on a computer.
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Paint
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The oldest and most limited Macintosh graphic file format, holding only black-and-white bit maps at 72 dpi. Paint files (file type PNTG) are limited to 8 by 10 inches.
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Parallel Cable
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A cable used to connect peripheral devices through a computer's parallel port. A type of port that transmits data in parallel (several bits side by side).
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Paste
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To insert information from the Clipboard. Information can be pasted multiple times.
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PDF
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Portable Document Format. A PDF file is an electronic facsimile of a printed document.
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Peripheral
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A piece of hardware that's outside the main computer. It usually refers to external hardware such as disk drives, printers, and scanners sold by a third party.
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pixel
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Picture element. Digital images are composed of touching pixels, each having a specific color or tone. The eye merges differently colored pixels into continuous tones.
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POP (server)
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A server using the Post Office Protocol, which holds users' incoming e-mail until they read or download it.
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Port
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One of several rendezvous points where TCP/IP connections can be made on a computer. Ports are numbered, with several locations reserved for specific types of network activity, such as telnet on port 23, HTTP traffic on port 80 and USENET news (NNTP) on port 119.
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Properties
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Information about an object, including settings or options for that object. For example, you look at properties of a file for information such as the file size, file type, and file attributes.
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Protocols
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When data is being transmitted between two or more devices something needs to govern the controls that keep this data intact. A formal description of message formats and the rules two computers must follow to exchange those messages. Protocols can describe low-level details of machine-to-machine interfaces (e.g., the order in which bits and bytes are sent across wire) or high-level exchanges between application programs (e.g., the way in which two programs transfer a file across the Internet).
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Query
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The process by which a web client requests specific information from a web server, based on a character string that is passed along
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Quicktime
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a file extension for videos or movies (like animations) compressed using the QuickTime format
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RAM
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Random Access Memory. RAM is the most common type of computer memory, and it's where the computer stores system software, programs, and data you are currently using. It's formally called dynamic RAM (DRAM) because it's volatile, that is, the contents are lost when you turn off the computer (or crash). It's pronounced ram and measured in megabytes.
98. Resolution-In general, this refers to how sharp and clear an image looks on screen or on paper, and how much detail you can see. It's usually determined by the number of dots (or pixels) per square inch (the more there are, the higher the resolution) and is used to describe printers, monitors, and scanners. |
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ROM
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Read-Only Memory. It's like software that's hard-wired into your computer - basic, permanent information that tells it things like how to load up the operating system when you turn it on.
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Router
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a special purpose computer that attaches 2 or more networks and routes packets from 1 network to the other.
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RTF
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Stands for "Rich Text Fomat." This is a file format standardized by Microsoft for creating formatted text files. Unlike a basic text file, an RTF file can include information such as text style, size, and color. The nice thing about the RTF format is that it is a universal format, meaning it can be read by nearly all word processors.
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Scanner
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A scanner is an input device that scans documents and images, which can be imported into a computer. They are available in flatbed or sheet-fed versions and are usually connected via a high-speed USB port. OCR software can be used to recognize text documents imported from a scanner.
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Screen Saver
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A moving picture or pattern that is displayed on the screen when no activity takes place for a specified period of time.
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Scripts
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A type of program that consists of a set of instructions for another application or utility to use.
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Scroll Bar
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The bar that appears at the right side or the bottom of a window that contains more information that can be displayed. The scroll bar is used to scroll an object or parts of a document into view when the entire object or document does not fit in the window
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Search Engines
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A type of software that creates indexes of databases or Internet sites based on the titles of files, key words, or the full text of files.
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Server
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A computer that shares its resources, such as printers and files, with other computers on the network. An example of this is a Novell NetWare Server which shares its disk space with a workstation that does not have a disk drive of its own.
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Shareware
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Software that you can try before you buy. It's distributed through on-line services, BBSs, and user groups. You're allowed to try it out and give copies to others, but if you want to keep using it, you must pay the registration fee.
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Site
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Organization or facility where a host is located.
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SMTP
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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. Internet standard protocol for transferring electronic mail messages from one computer to another. SMTP specifies how two mail systems interact and the format of control messages they exchange to transfer mail.
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SPAM
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Refers to the practice of blindly posting commercial messages or advertisements to a large number of unrelated and uninterested newsgroups.
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Spreadsheet
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A number-related document whereby calculations and formulas are applied to the data organized in rows and columns of cells.
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Taskbar
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An area that runs across the bottom (usually) of the Windows 95 desktop. Running applications are represented as buttons on the taskbar, the current window is shown as a depressed button, all other applications are displayed as raised buttons.
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TIFF
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Tag Image File Format. A graphic file format, TIFF files are also bit maps, but they can be any size, resolution, or color depth. It is the most versatile, reliable, and widely supported bit-mapped format and is the standard format for saving scanned images. However, the format does have several variations which means that occasionally an application may have trouble opening a TIFF file created by another program.
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Title Bar
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The horizontal bar at the top of a window. The title bar shows the name of the window
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Toolbar
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A collection of buttons that typically make the more common tools for an application easily accessible.
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URL
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Uniform Resource Locator, a string of characters that represents the location or address of a resource on the Internet and how that resource should be accessed. World Wide Web pages are assigned a unique URL. Each hyperlink on a web page contains the URL of the page to be linked to. http://rohan.sdsu.edu/glossary.shtml is the URL for this page.
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User ID
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The string of characters that identifies you. The name by which you are known to the network. Also known as username.
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Virus
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A program that replicates itself from one file or disk to another without your consent. They are spread through floppy disks, networks, and on-line services and can go undetected (unless you have an antiviral utility) until something goes wrong. Some viruses deliberately destroy data, and even those designed to be benign can cause crashes, slowdowns, and file corruption.
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Wallpaper
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a graphical pattern displayed on the desktop.
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Web Browser
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Also known as a Web client program, this software allows you to access and view HTML documents. Netscape, Mosaic, Lynx, WinWeb, and MacWeb are some examples of Web browsers.
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Web Page
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A document created with HTML that is part of a group of hypertext documents or resources available on the World Wide Web.
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Wide Area Network (WAN)
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Network spanning multiple geographic distances, usually connected by telephone lines, microwave, or satellite links.
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WYSIWYG
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What you see is what you get. The image you see on the screen matches what will print on paper.
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