Computer Science Vocab From Ch. 10

Front 1

Computer Security Risk

Back 1

Is any event or action that could cause a loss, damage, and misuse.

Front 2

Computer Crime

Back 2

Any illegal act involving a computer.

Front 3

Cybercrime

Back 3

Is online or Internet-based illegal acts.

Front 4

Hacker

Back 4

Is someone who access a computer or network illegally.

Front 5

Cracker

Back 5

Is someone who accesses a computer illegally but has the intent of destroying data, stealing info, or other actions.

Front 6

Script Kiddie

Back 6

Same intent as a cracker but does not have the technical skills and knowledge.

Front 7

Corporate Spies

Back 7

They are hired to break into a specific computer and steal its proprietary data and info.

Front 8

Cyberextortionist

Back 8

Someone who uses e-mail as a vehicle for extortion.

Front 9

Malware

Back 9

Programs that act without a user's knowledge and deliberately alter the computer's operations.

Front 10

Payload

Back 10

Destructive event or prank, the program is intended to deliver.

Front 11

Trusted Source

Back 11

An organization or person you believe will not send a virus infected file knowingly.

Front 12

Botnet

Back 12

A group of compromised computers connected to a network and attacks other networks, usually for nefarious purposes.

Front 13

Zombie

Back 13

Compromised computer. Is one whose owner is unaware the computer is being controlled remotely by an outsider.

Front 14

DoS Attack

Back 14

Denial of service attack. It is an assault whose purpose is to disrupt computer access to an Internet service.

Front 15

Back door

Back 15

Is a program or set of instructions in a program that allows users to bypass security controls when accessing a program, computer, or network.

Front 16

Spoofing

Back 16

A technique intruders use to make their network or Internet transmission appear legitimate to a victim.

Front 17

Unauthorized Use

Back 17

The use of a computer or its data for unapproved or possibly illegal activities.

Front 18

Unauthorized Access

Back 18

Is the use of a computer or network without permission.

Front 19

CAPTCHA

Back 19

Completely Automated Public Turing Test To Tell Computers and Humans Apart.

Front 20

Possessed object

Back 20

Any item that you must carry to gain access to a computer or computer facility.

Front 21

Biometric Device

Back 21

Authenticates a person's identity by translating a personal characteristic.

Front 22

Digital Forensics

Back 22

Network forensics, or cyber forensics, is the discovery, collection, and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks.

Front 23

RSI

Back 23

Repetitive strain injury. An injury or disorder of the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, and joints.

Front 24

CVS

Back 24

Computer vision syndrome. Is a condition due to computer usage, from staring at a computer to long.

Front 25

Ergonomics

Back 25

An applied science devoted to incorporating comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of items in the workplace.

Front 26

Computer addiction

Back 26

Occurs when the computer consumes someone's entire social life.

Front 27

Computer Ethics

Back 27

Are the moral guild lines that govern the use of computers and information systems.

Front 28

National Press Photographers

Back 28

They oppose any manipulation often images.

Front 29

Intellectual Property Rights

Back 29

Are the rights to which creators are entitled for their work.

Front 30

Copyright

Back 30

Gives authors and artists exclusive rights to duplicate, publish, and sell their materials.

Front 31

Green computing

Back 31

Involves reducing the electricity and environmental waste while using a computer

Front 32

Energy Star Program

Back 32

to help reduce the amount of electricity used by computers and related devices. Government mandated

Front 33

Information privacy

Back 33

Is the right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of info about them.

Front 34

Electronic Profile

Back 34

Your personal info you put into the computer for subscriptions that go into your database and all your info is then your profile.

Front 35

Cookie

Back 35

Is a small text file that a Web-server stores on your computer. Contains user names and passwords

Front 36

Spyware

Back 36

Is a program placed on a computer without the user's knowledge that secretly collects info about the user.

Front 37

Adware

Back 37

Is a program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window.

Front 38

Spam

Back 38

An unsolicited e-mail message or newsgroup posting sent to multiple recipients or newsgroups at once.

Front 39

Phishing

Back 39

Is a scam in which a perpetrator sends official looking e-mail message that attempts to obtain your personal and financial info. via e-mail

Front 40

Pharming

Back 40

Is a scam, where a perpetrator attempts to obtain your personal and financial info. via spoofing

Front 41

Social Engineering

Back 41

Gaining unauthorized access or obtaining confidential info by taking advantage of the trusting human nature of some victims and the naivety of others

Front 42

Employee Monitoring

Back 42

Involves the use of computers to observe, record, and review an employee's use of a computer, including communications, keyboard activity, and web-sites visited.

Front 43

Content filtering

Back 43

The process of restricting access to certain material on the web.

Front 44

Hardware theft

Back 44

Is the act of stealing computer equipment.

Front 45

Hardware vandalism

Back 45

Is the act of defacing or destroying computer equipment.

Front 46

encryption key

Back 46

Is a programmed formula that the originator of the data uses to encrypt the plaintext and the recipient of the data uses to decrypt the ciphertext.

Front 47

plaintext

Back 47

Text that you can read.

Front 48

ciphertext

Back 48

Text that is all mixed up and is unreadable.

Front 49

Digital signature

Back 49

Is an encrypted code that a person, Web site, or organization attaches to an electronic message to verify the identity of the message sender.

Front 50

Digital certificate

Back 50

Is a notice that guarantees a user or a Web site is legitimate.

Front 51

Certificate authority

Back 51

Is an authorized or a company that issues and verifies digital certificates.

Front 52

System failure

Back 52

is the prolonged malfunction of a computer. Loss of hardware, software, data, and instructions.

Front 53

Software theft

Back 53

Occurs when someone steals software media, intentionally erases programs, illegally copies a program, or illegally registers and/or activates a program.

Front 54

License agreement

Back 54

Is the right to use the software.

Front 55

Information theft

Back 55

Occurs when someone steals personal or confidential information.

Front 56

Encryption

Back 56

The process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorized access.

Front 57

Decrypt

Back 57

Or decipher, it into a readable form.

Front 58

Encryption algorithm

Back 58

Set of steps that can convert readable plaintext into unreadable ciphertext.

Front 59

Surge protector

Back 59

Uses special electrical components to provide a stable current flow to the computer and other electronic equipment.

Front 60

UPS

Back 60

Uninterruptible power supply. Is a device that contains surge protection circuits and one or more batteries that can provide power during a loss of power.

Front 61

Backup

Back 61

A duplicate file, program, or disk that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed.

Front 62

Restore

Back 62

You copy the backed up files to their original location on the computer.

Front 63

WAP

Back 63

Wireless access point. Should be configured so that it does not broadcast a network name.

Front 64

War driving

Back 64

Individuals attempt to detect wireless networks via their notebook computer or mobile device while driving a vehicle through areas they suspect have a wireless network.

Front 65

WPA

Back 65

Wi-Fi Protected Access. Is a security standard that improves on older security standards by authenticating network users and providing more advanced encryption techniques.

Front 66

802.lli or WPA2

Back 66

The most recent network security standard, conforms to the government's security standards and uses more sophisticated encryption techniques than WPA.