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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Protocol |
A standard set of rules that allow devices to communicate |
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WAN |
A set of links that connect geographically remote computers and LAN |
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LAN |
Group of devices (computers,printers and scanners) under the control of an organisation in one small geographic area. |
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Gateway |
Router that connects networks that use different protocols |
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Server |
A software process that provides a service requested by a client |
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Client |
A software process that requests and uses the service provided by the server |
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MAC addresses |
(Media access control) unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on the physical network segment. |
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IP address |
A unique address that identifies a device on a network -32 bits long |
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Switch |
Networking device that connects devices together on a network. Uses packet switching to receive, process and forward data to the destination device. |
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Router |
Device that connects networks that use the same protocols. Forwards packets by using the IP address. |
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TCP/IP protocol |
A set of working practices that allow all Internet users to communicate with each other whatever their equipment. |
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Datagram/packet |
Group of bits containing, source/destination address,error control bits,control bits and data payload |
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Socket |
Combination of a host IP address and a port number. It forms a bidirectional communication path between the end processes or applications. |
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Port |
An address for a software process |
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Encapsulation |
Inclusion of one data structure within another e.g. the contents of a data payload are hidden from the TCP layer data that packages it |
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Internet |
A global network of linked computers and routers that use unique IP addresses and TCP/IP protocol |
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Standard |
Guidelines to ensure that manufactures of network equipment create products that are compatible with other manufacturers' products |
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Protocol stack |
A group of protocols that a running concurrently that are employed for the implementation of network protocol suite. The protocols in a stack determine the interconnectivity rules for a layered network model, such as the OSI or TCP/IP models |
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HTTP |
(Hypertext transfer protocol) •Transferring multimedia web pages over the Internet. •In the application layer |
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FTP |
( File transfer protocol) •Copying a file from one location to another over the Internet . • In the application layer |
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SMTP |
(Simple mail transfer protocol) • Mail applications typically use SMTP only for sending email messages . •In the application layer |
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IMAP |
( Internet message access protocol) • transferring emails between computer systems via the Internet •In the application layer |
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DHCP |
(dynamic host configuration protocol) • a client / server protocol that automatically provides an Internet protocol (IP) host with its IP address and default gateway •In the application layer |
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UDP |
(User Datagram prototcol) • Sending datagrams across a network with very few error recovery services. • In transport Layer |
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TCP |
(Transmission Control Protocol) • Error control protocol defined for high-speed communications within a network. • In Transport Layer |
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Handshaking |
The exchange of signals between devices to establish their readiness to communicate. |
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Intranet |
A private network within an organisation for employees. It uses internet technologies e.g. browsers & hyperlinks to allow communication. |
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Extranet |
A website that allows external stakeholders to access information usually by the use of usernames and passwords. |
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World Wide Web |
A collection of documents and other resources identified by URLs, interlinked by hypertext links, and accessed via the Internet. |
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IP Header contains ... |
• Version • Total Length • Identification • TTL (Time to Live) • Protocol • Header Checksum • Source IP address • Destination IP address |
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TCP/IP Layer Model Application Layer |
• Application - Governs how two applications work with each other. |
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TCP/IP Layer Model Transport Layer |
• Transport - Establishes the connection between applications (endpoints) and governs end-to-end communication between two end hosts. Splits message up in packets, adds error checking details and port numbers. |
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TCP/IP Layer Model Data Link Layer |
• Data Link - Governs the transmission of frames across a single network and is responsible for creating the frames the move across a network. |
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TCP/IP Layer Model Network Layer |
• Network - Governs the transmission of packets across an internet, typically by sending them through several routers along the route. IP address of sender and receiver are added to the packet. |
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TCP/IP Layer Model Physical Layer |
• Physical - Governs transmissions between adjacent devices connected by a transmission medium (e.g. electrical signals) |
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TCP/IP Layer Model Layers |
Application Transport Network DataLink Physical |
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DNS |
(Domain Name System) The internet system for converting alphabetic names into numerical IP addresses. e.g. When URL is entered into a browser, DNS servers return the IP address of the Web server associated with that domain name. |