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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do you convert a binary number to a decimal number? |
Add up powers of 2 where 1 appears in the binary number |
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How do you convert a decimal number to a binary number? |
Repeatedly divide the number by 2 and record the remainder |
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Within base-2, what does 0101+0011 = ? |
1000 |
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What is occurring during arithmetic overflow? |
The computer is trying to make a number that is too large, usually one represented by more than 4 bits. |
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What is the highest decimal number that can be represented with four bits of binary? |
15 |
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What is the highest number in the base-10 counting system? |
9 |
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What is the process of two's complement representation with regard to negative binary numbers? |
The change of a binary number to its negative complement by flipping every number/bit and adding 1. |
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What two things require converting naturally analog representations to digital representations? |
Sound and images |
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Define amplitude, period, and frequency. |
Amplitude: height of a wave at a moment in time Period: length of time until wave pattern repeats Frequency: number of periods per time unit |
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What is the name of the action of converting something to a digital form? |
Digitize |
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What is a recorded sound wave at a fixed, discrete interval? |
A sample |
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What is the quality of a reproduced sound determined by? |
Sampling rate (number of samples per second) and bit depth (number of bits per sample) |
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Of the two factors of quality, what are amplitude and wave form determined by? |
Amplitude: sampling rate Wave form: bit depth |
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What is the name of the recording of color or intensity at fixed, discrete intervals in two dimensions? |
Image sampling |
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What is the name of a stored picture as a 2D-grid of pixel values? |
Raster graphics |
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What are the two types of data compression? |
Lossless and lossy |
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Why do computers use binary? |
Bi-stable systems are reliable. |
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What object is characterized by solid-state switches, changing on or off when given power, small size, and the enabling of computers that work with gigabytes of data? |
Transistors |
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What is the term for rules manipulating true/false values? |
Boolean logic |
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What is a truth table? |
A table laying out each possible true/false input and output for Boolean expressions. |
