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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Group Structure
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roles, norms, status, and size
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Roles
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a set of expected behavior patterns attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social unit
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role identify
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certain attitudes and behaviors consistent with a role
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role perception
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and individual’s view of how he or she is supposed to act in a given situation
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role expectation
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how others believe a person should act in a given situation
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role conflict
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a situation in which an individual is confronted by divergent role expectations.
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norms
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acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the group’s members.
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conformity
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adjusting one’s behavior to align with the norms of the group
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status
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a socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by others.
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social loafing
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the tendency for individuals to expand less effort when working collectively than when working individually.
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cohesiveness
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degree to which group members are attracted to each other and are motivated to stay in the group.
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group decision-making
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group vs individual, groupthink, groupshift (group polarization), and group decision-making
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groupthink
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phenomenon in which the norm for consensus overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action.
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groupshift (group polarization)
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a change in decision risk between the group’s decision and the individual decision that members with the group would make; can be either toward conservatism or greater risk.
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group decision-making techniques
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brainstorming, nominal group technique, and electronic meetings
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brainstorming
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an idea-generation process that specifically encourages any and all alternatives, while withholding any criticism of those alternatives.
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nominal group technique
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a group decision-making method in which individual members meet face-to-face to pool their judgments in a systematic but independent fashion.
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electronic meeting
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meetings in which members interact on computers, allowing for anonymity of comments and aggregation of votes.
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Types of Teams
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Problem-solving teams, self-managed work teams, cross-functional teams, and virtual teams
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problem-solving teams
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groups of 5 to 12 employees from the same department who meet for a few hours each week to discuss ways of improving quality, efficiency, and the work environment.
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self-managed work teams
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groups of 10 to 15 people who take on responsibilities for their former supervisors.
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cross-functional teams
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employees form about the same hierarchical level, but from different work areas, who come together to accomplish a task.
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virtual teams
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teams that use computer technology to tie together physically dispersed members in order to achieve a common goal.
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Contemporary Issues Managing Teams
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teams, total quality management, teams and workforce diversity
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teams
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provides the natural vehicle for employees to share ideas and to implement improvements.
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total quality management
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requires management to give employees the encouragement to share ideas and act on what they suggest.
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teams and workforce diversity
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the concept that organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and inclusion of other diverse groups.
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