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192 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T4
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Thyroxine
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itis
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Inflamed
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CVA
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Stroke
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bid
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Twice a day
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EKG/ECG
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Electrocardiography
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HBA1c
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Glycosylated hemoglobin
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gtt
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drop(s)
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Fx
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Fracture
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SQ
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Under the skin
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po
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By mouth
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od
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Right eye
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K
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Potassium
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HTN
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High blood pressure
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Dx
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Diagnosis
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Nephro
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kidney
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T cells
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Lymphocytes originating in the thymus gland
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Acute
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Sharp, sudden, and intense for a short period of time.
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Ascites
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Abnormal of collection of fluid in the abdomen.
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Anemia
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Deficiency of hemoglobin and/or in number of red blood cells, in blood.
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Alkaline Phosphatase
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An enzyme present in blood and body tissue, such as bone and liver. Elevated in diseases such as those of bone and liver.
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Anuria
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Lack of urine formation by the kidney.
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Angina
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Sharp pain in the chest resulting from a decrease in blood supply to heart muscle.
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Aneurysm
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Localized widening of the wall of an artery, of a vein, or of the heart.
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Angioplasty
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Surgical repair of a blood vessel. A tube (catheter) is placed in a clogged artery, and a balloon at the end of the tube is inflated to flatten the clogged material against the wall of the artery.
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Atrophy
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Decrease in size of cells within an organ.
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Angiotensin
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A hormone that is a powerful vasoconstrictor and raises blood pressure.
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Aphasia
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Absence of impairment of communication through speech.
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Analgesic
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Medication that reduces or eliminates pain.
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Amenorrhea
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Absence of menstrual periods.
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Arthralgia
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Pain in a joint.
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Alopecia
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Loss of hair; baldness.
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Anterior
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Located in the front (of the body or of a structure).
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Edema
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Swelling in tissues. It is often caused by retention of fluid and salts by the kidneys.
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Epinephrine
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Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland in response to stress and physical injury.
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Dermatitis
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Inflammation of the skin.
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Embolus
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Foreign object (air, tissue, tumor or clot) that circulates in the blood stream until it lodges in a vessel.
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Endoscopy
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Process of viewing the inside of hollow organs or cavities.
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Excision
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Act of cutting out, removing, or resecting.
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Erythrocyte
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Red blood cell.
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Encephalopathy
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Disease of the brain.
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Dyspnea
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Painful (labored, difficult) breathing.
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Dysuria
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Painful or difficult urination.
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Diverticula
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Small pouches or sacks created by herniation of mucous membrane linings, most commonly in the colon.
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Epithelial
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Pertaining to skin cells.
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Debridement
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Removal of diseased tissue from the skin.
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Endocrine glands
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Organs that produce (secrete) hormones.
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Electrolyte
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Substances that conduct an electrical current and are found in blood and body cells.
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Exacerbation
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Increase in the seriousness of a disease, with greater intensity in the signs or symptoms.
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Cirrhosis
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Liver disease with deterioration of the liver cells.
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Creatinine
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Nitrogen-containing waste that is removed from the blood by the kidney and excreted in the urine.
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Bradycardia
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Slow heart beat.
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Cholecystectomy
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Removal of the gall bladder.
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Cystitis
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Inflammation of the urinary bladder.
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Cortisol
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Anti-inflammatory hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.
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Chron('s) disease
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Inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (often the ileum) marked by bouts of diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and fever.
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Calculus
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Stone.
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Cardioversion
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Brief discharges of electricity passing across the chest to stop a cardiac arrhythmia called defibrillation.
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Computed tomography scan
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X-ray images taken to show the body in cross-sectional views.
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Barium
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Substance used as a radiopaque (x-rays cannot pass through it) contrast medium for x-ray examination of the digestive tract.
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Bilirubin
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A red blood cell pigment extracted with bile from the liver into the intestine.
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Cellulitis
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Inflammation of soft tissue under the skin; it is marked by swelling, redness, and pain and is caused by bacterial infection.
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Cyanosis
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Bluish discoloration of the skin due to deficient oxygen in the blood stream.
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Cardiomegaly
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Enlargement of the heart.
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Conjunctiva
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Thin protective membrane over the front of the eye and attached to the eyelids.
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Gastroenteritis
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Inflammation of the stomach and intestines.
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Hemodialysis
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Use of a kidney machine to filter blood to remove waste materials such as urea.
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Fistula
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Abnormal passageway from an internal organ to the body surface or between two internal organs.
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Hypertrophy
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Enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or part of the body as a result of increase in size of individual cells
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Hematemesis
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Vomiting of blood
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Hemoglobin
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Oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells.
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Hepatic
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Pertaining to the liver
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Glucocorticoid
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Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland to raise blood sugar levels.
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Hodgkin('s) disease
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Malignant tumor of the lymph nodes.
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Goiter
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Enlargement of the thyroid gland.
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Hyperglycemia
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Higher than normal levels of sugar in the blood.
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Fibrillation
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Rapid, irregular, involuntary muscular contraction. Atrial and ventricular fibrillation are cardiac(heart)arhythmias.
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Hypotensive
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Pertaining to low blood pressure or to a person with abnormally low blood pressure.
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Hematoma
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Mass or collection of blood under the skin.
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Hernia
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Bulge or protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity that usually contains it.
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Gland
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Group of cells that secretes chemicals to the outside of the body or hormones directly into the bloodstream.
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Laparoscopy
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Visual examination of the abdomen. A small incision is made near the navel, and an instrument is inserted to view abdominal organs.
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Jejunum
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Second part of the small intestine.
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Jaundice
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Orange-yellow coloration of the skin and other tissues.
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Infarction
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Area of dead tissue caused by decreased blood flow to that part of the body.
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Ischemia
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Deficiency of blood flow to a part of the body caused by narrowing or obstruction of blood vessels.
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Inflammatory bowel disease
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Disorder of the small and large intestines marked by bouts of diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and fever.
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Inguinal
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Pertaining to the groin or the area where the legs meet the body.
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Leukocyte
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White blood cells.
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Ligament
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Connective tissue that joins bones to other bones.
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Leukemia
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Increase in malignant white blood cells in blood and bone marrow.
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Lesion
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Damage to a part of the body caused by disease or trauma.
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Infiltrate
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Material that accumulates in an organ.
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Lumbar vertebrae
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A backbone in the region between the chest and lower back.
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Lobe
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Part of an organ, especially of the brain, lungs or glands.
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Ileum
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Third part of the small intestine.
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Iatrogenic
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Pertaining to a patient's abnormal condition that results unexpectedly from a specific treatment.
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Menorrhea
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Normal discharge of blood and tissue from the uterine lining during menstruation.
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Mediastinum
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Space between the lungs and the chest.
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Myelodysplasia
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Abnormal development of bone marrow, a pre-malignant condition leading to leukemia.
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Myeloma
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Malignant tumor originating in the bone marrow.
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Mesothelioma
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Malignant tumor of the lining of the pleura.
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Mastitis
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Inflammation of the breast.
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Myoma
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Tumor (benign) of muscle.
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Malignant
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Tending to become progressively worse.
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Myalgia
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Pain in a muscle
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Medullary
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Pertaining to the inner, or soft, part of an organ.
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Multiple Sclerosis
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Chronic neurologic disease in which there are patches of demyelination throughout the brain and spinal cord.
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Myelin sheath
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Fatty covering around part (axon) of nerve cells.
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Meninges
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Membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
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Muscular dystrophy
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Group of degenerative muscle diseases that cause crippling because muscles are gradually weakened and eventually atrophy.
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Myositis
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Inflammation of a muscle.
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Metastasis
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Spread of a cancerous tumor to a distant organ or location.
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Osteopenia
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Deficiency of bone tissue.
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Nocturia
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Excessive urination at night.
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Osteoporosis
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Decrease in bone mass with formation of pores or spaces in normally mineralized bone tissue.
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Nosocomial
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Pertaining to or originating in a hospital.
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Neuropathy
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Disease of nervous tissue.
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Oncology
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The study of tumors.
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Nephrolithiasis
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Condition of kidney stones.
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Osteomyelitis
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Inflammation of a bone and bone marrow.
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Oncogenic
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Pertaining to producing tumors.
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Otitis
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Inflammation of an ear.
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Orchiectomy
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Removal of a testicle or testicles.
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Necrosis
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Death of cells.
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Oophorectomy
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Removal of an ovary or ovaries
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Neonatal
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Pertaining to new birth; the first four weeks after birth.
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Ocular
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Pertaining to the eye.
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Neuralgia
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Nerve pain.
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Phlebitis
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Inflammation of a vein.
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Pneumonectomy
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Removal of a lung.
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Pancreas
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Gland that produces digestive juices (exocrine function) and the hormone insulin (endocrine function)
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Phrenic
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Pertaining to the diaphragm.
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Polydipsia
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Excessive thirst.
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Peritoneal fluid
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Fluid produced in the abdominal cavity.
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Prolapse
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To move out of place; especially for an internal organ to protrude beyond its normal position.
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Peptic ulcer
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Sore (lesion) of the mucous membrane lining the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) or lining the stomach.
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Pineal gland
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Small endocrine gland within the brain that secretes the hormone melatonin, whose exact function is unclear.
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Parathyroid hormone
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Hormone secreted to maintain a constant concentration of calcium in the blood and bones.
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Pleura
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Double membrane that surrounds the lungs.
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Pneumothorax
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Abnormal accumulation of air in the space between the pleura.
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Platelet
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Cell in the blood that aids clotting; a thrombocyte.
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Polyp
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A growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane.
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Polycythemia
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Increase in red blood cells.
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Periosteum
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Membrane that surrounds bone.
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Sacral region
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Five fused bones in the lower back, below the lumbar bones and wedged between two parts of the hip (ileum).
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Renal calculus
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Kidney stones.
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Sarcoidosis
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Chronic, progressive disorder of cells in connective tissue, spleen, liver, bone marrow, lungs, and lymph nodes.
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Rectocele
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Hernia (protrusion) of the rectum into the vagina.
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Spondylosis
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Abnormal condition of a vertebra or vertebrae.
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Rhinitis
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Inflammation of the nose.
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Sebaceous gland
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Oil-producing gland in the skin.
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Spleen
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Organ in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that stores blood cells, and destroys red blood cells while producing white blood cells called lymphocytes.
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Sclera
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White, outer coat of the eyeball.
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Resection
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Removal (excision) of an organ or a structure.
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Salpingectomy
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Removal of a fallopian (uterine) tube.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus
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Chronic inflammatory disease affecting many systems of the body (joints, skin, kidneys, and nerves).
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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Chronic inflammatory disease of the joints and connective tissue that leads to deformed joints.
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Sputum
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Material expelled from the lungs through the mouth.
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Retrogastric
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Pertaining to behind the stomach.
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Septic
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Pertaining to infection.
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Tachycardia
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Condition of fast, rapid heartbeat.
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Tissue capillaries
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Tiny blood vessels that lie near cells and through whose walls gasses, food, and waste material passes.
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Thoracentesis
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Surgical puncture of the chest to remove fluid.
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Tricuspid valve
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Fold of tissue between the upper and lower chambers on the right side of the heart.
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Thyroxine
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Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland. Also known as T4.
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Thrombophlebitis
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Inflammation of a vein accompanied by formation of a clot
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Transdermal
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Pertaining to through the skin.
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Thrombocyte
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Clotting cell; a platelet.
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Tomography
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Series of x-ray images that show an organ in depth by producing images of single tissue planes.
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Tinnitus
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Noise in the ears, such as ringing, roaring, or buzzing.
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Thoracic
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Pertaining to the chest
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Triglyceride
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Fat consisting of three molecules of fatty acid and glycerol.
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Thoracotomy
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Incision of the chest.
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Tuberculosis
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Infectious, inflammatory disease that commonly affects the lungs, although it can occur in any part of the body.
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Tympanic membrane
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Eardrum.
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Thrombosis
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Abnormal condition of clot formation.
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Ultrasound
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Sound waves with greater frequency that can be heard by the human ear. This energy is used to detect abnormalities by beaming the waves into the body and recording echoes that reflect off tissues.
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Ulna
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One of two lower arm bones located on the little finger side of the hand.
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Vasoconstrictor
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Drug that narrows blood vessels, especially small arteries.
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Visceral
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Pertaining to internal organs.
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Urologist
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Specialist in operating on the urinary tract in males and the reproductive tract in males
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Varix
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Enlarged, swollen, tortuous veins (pleural: varices).
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Uremia
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Abnormal condition of excessive amounts of urea in the bloodstream.
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Ureter
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One of two tubes that lead from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
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Valve
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Natural structure or artificial device that prevents backward flow of fluid.
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Ventricular arrhythmias
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Abnormal heart rhythm originating in the lower chamber of the heart.
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Vesical
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Pertaining to the urinary bladder.
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Ulcerative colitis
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Recurrent inflammatory disorder marked by ulcers in the large bowel.
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Urea
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Chief nitrogen-containing waste that the kidney removes from the blood and eliminates from the body in urine.
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Varicocele
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Swollen, twisted veins within the spermatic cord, above the testes.
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Vasculitis
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Inflammation of blood vessels.
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Upper GI series
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Barium is swallowed and x-ray images of the esophagus, stomach and small intestine are taken.
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