Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
spore forming bacteria
|
bacillus
clostridium |
|
|
non-motile, Gram (+) rods
|
CORYNEBACTERIUM DYPTHERIAE
NOCARDIA c. perf (rest of clost. r motile) anthrax |
|
|
Acid fast organisms (5)
|
MYCOBACTERIUM
NOCARDIA CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS legionella isospora cysts |
|
|
Bacteria/fungi w/ capsules
"Some Killers Have Nice Capsules" |
Strep. pneumo
Klebs H.flu Neis.meng Crypto. neoformans (only encapsulated fungus) pseudomonas - slime producer b.pertussis |
|
|
4 other important capsule producers
|
-ecoli - k1 capsule
-b.antrax- poly-d glutamate capsule -salmonella typhi - vrlnce cpslr antgn strep pyogenes - hyaluronic acid capsule |
|
|
name the 2 biofilm producers
|
staph. epidermidis (catheters)
strep. mutans (dental plaques) |
|
|
PSSPC - 5 pigment producing bugs
|
- Pseudo. aeruginosa (blue/green) --> pyocyanin, fluorscein
- serratia - red pigment - staph. aureus - yellow pigment - photo/scotochromagenic mycobacteria --> carotenoid pigments (yellow y orange) - corynebacterium dypth --> black to gray pigment |
|
|
unique stainers ; 5
|
-metachromatic --> corynebacterium
-lancet-shaped diplococci --> pneumococci -kidney bean shaped diplococci --> neisseriae - bipolar stainer--> yersinia pestis - gull wings --> campylobacter |
|
|
viral cytopathogenesis; inclusion bodies
|
-negri bodies --> rabies
-acidophylic intracytoplasmic (Guarnieri) --> poxvirus -intracytoplasmic/nuclear (owls eye) --> cytomegalovirus - intranuclear (cowdry) --> hsv ; subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (measles) |
|
|
viruses that form giant cells (synctia)
|
hsv
varicella zoster paramyxovirus rsv hiv |
|
|
aerobic metabolism bugs (5)
|
- mycobacteria
- pseudomonas - bacillus - nocardia - c.dipth |
|
|
anaerobic metabolism bugs (8)
|
-ACTINOMYCES
- BACTEROIDES - CLOSTRIDIUM fusobacterium - prevotella - propionobacterium -eubacterium - lactobacillus (last 2 were aerotolerant?) |
|
|
microaerophilic bugs (2)
|
-campylobacter
- helicobacter |
|
|
Enzymes...oxidase?
|
- ALL ENTEROBACTERIA are OXIDASE NEGATIVE
-ALL NEISSERIA ARE OXIDASE POSITIVE (as r most of other g(-) bacteria) |
|
|
"PUNCH" - Urease positive bugs
|
P- PROTEUS --> alkaline urine, renal calculi
U- ureaplasma (renal calculi) N- nocardia C- cryptococcus (fungus) H- HELICOBACTER |
|
|
what is the reaction catalyzed by catalase?
|
catalase is the enzyme that converts H202 --> H20 + 1/2 O2
|
|
|
what bugs do and don't have catalase?
|
staph--> catalase +
strep --> negative |
|
|
what disease are catalase positive bugs a major factor in? which other bugs?
|
-chronic granulomatous disease
- all staph -pseudomonas aeru - candida -aspergillus - enterobacter |
|
|
what are the only 2 COAGULASE POSITIVE bugs?
|
- staph. a.
- yersinia pestis |
|
|
These toxins reside on the bacterial chromosome..."Chromosomal Encoded Somethings"
|
C- choleragen
E- endotoxin S- shigatoxin |
|
|
These bugs commonly have antigenic variation? NBT
|
N- n.gonorrheae
B- borrelia recurrentis T-trypanosoma brucei |
|
|
These 6 bugs cause disease via TOXIN PRODUCTION
|
-C. dipth
- c. tetani - c. botulinum - v.cholera - etec - c. diff |
|
|
What is the moa of the diptheria toxin?
|
diptheria --> adp ribosylation of ef2 causes inhibition of p.synth
|
|
|
moa of c.tetani toxin?
|
tetanus --> bings to ganglioside in synaptic membrane--> blocks glycine release
|
|
|
moa of c.botulinum toxin?
|
botulism --> prevents ACH release
|
|
|
moa of vibrio cholerae toxin?
|
cholera --> choleragen stimulates ACyclase
|
|
|
moa of ETEC
|
traveler's diarrhea--> LT stimulates AC
|
|
|
moa c.diff toxin
|
diarrhea --> toxin A/B inhibit PS and cause loss of intracellular K+
|
|
|
YES bugs are heat stable (60*)
|
Y- yersinia enterocolitica toxin
E-e.coli st toxin S- Staph. Aureus enterotoxin |
|
|
These 2 bugs' toxin causes host protein ADP-ribosylation?
|
Pseudomonas A/S, Diptheria;
- eF2 - inhibits p.s. translocation |
|
|
These 2 bugs cause Gs protein stimulation, leading to an increase in cAMP in intestinal epithelium --> diarrhea
|
-E.coli heat labile toxin (LT)
- Cholera toxin |
|
|
This toxin causes Gi stimulation --> increases cAMP lymphocytosis and increased insulin secretion!
|
pertussis toxin
|
|
|
all capsules are what?
|
antiphagocytic
|
|
|
Slime layer is produced by what bug?
|
pseudomonas
|
|
|
m-protein used by what bug?
|
Group A streptococci
|
|
|
A-protein is used by what bug?
|
staph AUREUS
|
|
|
lipotechoic acid of this bug causes attachment to host cells
|
ALL GRAM + BACTERIA
|
|
|
Pili from this bug are commonly seen in this std?
|
N. gonorrheae pili
|
|
|
This extracellular enzyme causes hydrolysis of the ground substance in the host
|
hyaluronidase ; group A streptococci
|
|
|
this enzyme hydrolyzes collagen? what 2 bugs use it?
|
collagenase --> C. PERF; prevotella melaninogenica
|
|
|
this causes hydrolysis of fibrin?
|
kinases --> streptococcus, staphylococcus
|
|
|
this alpha toxin is known as _____ and damages the membrane.
|
Lecithinase ; c. perferingens
|
|
|
this enzyme from BACTEROIDES FRAGILIS and prevotella etc. can cause thrombophlebitis
|
heparinase
|
|
|
These 3 bugs utilize IGA proteases as colonizing factors
|
- neisseria
- hemophilus - strep. pneumo |
|
|
these 3 bugs/groups are the 3 OBLIGATE intracellular BACTERIA...cannot reproduce outside of the host cell
|
-all rickets
- all chlamydaciae - m.leprae |
|
|
true / false... all viruses are intracellular parasites
|
true
|
|
|
"PBL is Truly Tricky" - protozoa that are intracellular
|
P- plasmodium
B- babesia L- leishmania T- t.gondhi T- trypanosoma cruzi (hrt muscle) |
|
|
these 2 parasites cannot be cultured in media but are found EXTRACELLULARLY in the body
|
-treponemia pallidum
- p. jirovechi |
|
|
These are the 5 major bugs that have humans as their only known reservoir
|
- tb
-m.leprae (armadillos in tx) - shigella - salmonella enterica (typhi) - ricketsia prowazeki |
