Comp Science Yr 10

Front 1

CPU

Back 1

Processing stage takes place here

Single electronic chip whithin system

(Microprocessor)

Front 2

BUS

Back 2

Set of wires /tracks laid down on printed circuit board

Front 3

Embedded system

Back 3

Computers built into other devices,, cheaper and efficient

Front 4

Data bus

Back 4

This carries actual data Around the system

Hint 4

Data

Front 5

Address bus

Back 5

This carries information on where the data needs to go and come from

Front 6

Control bus

Back 6

This carry signals around the system to various components e.g. DVD drive

Front 7

System software

Back 7

It’s a computer program that contains a set of instructions needed by the CPU

Front 8

Application Software

Back 8

Made for specific purpose example wordprocessing or music player

Front 9

MAR

Back 9

Register that stores the location in memory to be used by the MDR

Front 10

MDR

Back 10

Register that is used to store any data fetched from memory or data that is TO BE transferred /stored in memory

Front 11

Program counter

Back 11

Keeps track of the memory location of the next instruction to be dealt with

Front 12

Purpose of clock

Back 12

Has a clock rate ,,It goes at the speed of a microprocessor performing an instruction,, In one clock tick during each second CPU processes 1 instruction

Front 13

Firmware

Back 13

A program in ROM

Front 14

Why use a virtual memory

Back 14

The physical memory often becomes full ,used as a pretend virtual memory to store data

Front 15

Disadvantage of virtual memory

Back 15

The Read write speed of hard drive slower then ram if system relies on the VM completely there will be a significant performance drop

Front 16

CCSRPD

Back 16

Capacity

Cost

Speed

Reliability

Portability

Durability

Front 17

Solid>Magnetic

Back 17

•Magnetic lose data when near strong magnetic forces

•magnetic not as fast as solid

Front 18

File server

Back 18

Powerful computer that can store many files/programs

•often controls other computers and allows users to access /share their files from any machine on the network

Front 19

peer to peer

Back 19

Computers networked together

No central central computer controlling services / all =

Cheaper/less hardware

Maintained seperately

Front 20

Client server

Back 20

Central computer that provides all the services to the network

Files ect can be automatically backed up to a central location frm each comp

Front 21

Network interface controller

Back 21

Required in every machine connected to the network they allow signal for the network to be transmitted to the machine

Front 22

Network hub

Back 22

Hardware device that connects multiple computers in the network e.g. manages data being sent across network

Front 23

Switch

Back 23

Has a number of ports it stores addresses of all networks connected to it on each port

Front 24

Data packets and switch

Back 24

Data packet comes into the switch ,,destination addresses examined ,,direct connection is made between sending and receiving messages

Therefore using this device to set up your network would mean you would have a faster network as there’s less data

Front 25

Router

Back 25

Forwards data packets along a network

Front 26

Coaxial cable

Back 26

Copper cable that consists of a central wire protected by a metal

Front 27

Fibre optic Cable

Back 27

Contains twisted pair of copper wires

Front 28

State the name of the hardware device inside the laptop that connected to the LAN?

Back 28

Network interface control

Front 29

Cloud computing

Back 29

Refers to a range of software and services that run on the internet rather than on your pc

Front 30

Advantages of cloud computing

Back 30

•cloud host provides security/back ups

•updated automatically

•easy to increase storage

•no expensive hardware

•easy sharin files w ppl in world

Front 31

Disadvantages of cloud

Back 31

•data can be vulnerable to hackers

•dependant on host for security /backups

•expensive maybe subscription fees

•unclear who has ownership

Front 32

Benefit of virtual network

Back 32

•higher security level than other remote connections

Front 33

Hosting

Back 33

Service allows individuals/organisations to make their website available on www

Front 34

Latency in network performance

Back 34

Amount of time data takes to travel from the source to destination

Front 35

2 network hardware required to create wired local area network

Back 35

Hub- connect lots comps to network and send data around

Switch- process data and direct it to device needed,,, improves general speed

Front 36

Bandwidth

Back 36

Amount of data which can be transferred in given time

•high usage or too many users of it can make it congested/slow

•interference w objects,, slow down

Front 37

Web pages can be uploaded by users using

Back 37

Protocol (FTP)

Front 38

NODE

Back 38

Each device within network eg tablet ,phone

Front 39

Topology

Back 39

Layout of network ,, effects cost /performance

^^include NODES

Front 40

Star network 🌟

Back 40

•each comp connected to central device on a dedicated line ..eg hub server switch

•’ central device ‘ connects directly to every NODE on network

^forming star like shape

Front 41

Mesh network 🥔

Back 41

•no ‘central device’

•each NODE directly or indirectly connected to every other NODE w out server

Front 42

Data collision

Back 42

Happens when data is sent simultaneously from different computers , data can collide become corrupted retransmitted

Front 43

Network protocols

Back 43

Set of rules for how devices communicate...how data is transmitted across network

Front 44

MAC adresses

Back 44

•unique identifier ( so can be found on network)

•assigned by manufacturer (on NIC)

•used by Ethernet cables or LANS

Front 45

Header (control info)

Back 45

Destination IP address (where is it going)

Source IP address (where has it come from)

Front 46

Playload (like letter)

Back 46

Data being sent eg email / document

Front 47

A T I N

Back 47

Application .L

Transport .L

Internet .L

Network.L

Front 48

Layers (group of protocols w similar functions)

Back 48

Breaks networks communications into manageable pieces,, helps developers concentrate on one area

Front 49

LAYERS features

Back 49

•Self contained

•Each Specialised to perform specific function

•Have set rules for each layer << companies forced to make compatible universal hardware , so diff brands work together cuz basically work same way

Front 50

Utility software

Back 50

Helps maintain and configure a comp as many utilities can be installed w the OS

Front 51

DIFFERENCE between Internet and World Wide Web

Back 51

INTERNET _Collection of networks

WORLD WIDE WEB _Collection of websites

Front 52

DNS

Back 52

domain name server

(Translates websites domain name into address)

Front 53

TCP functions

Back 53

Sets rule for how devices connect in network

Splits packets and resembles when reach receiving device

Responsible for checking the data

Front 54

IP

Back 54

Responsible for packet switching

Front 55

Checksum

Back 55

form of validation

Has it been corrupted During transit ?

Front 56

If delayed check sum

Back 56

Sending and receiving devices calculate check sum value , if match then ✅

Front 57

Magnetic hard disks

Back 57

Portable

Very long lasting

Reliable

Front 58

Solid state drive(no moving parts)

Back 58

Same as HDD (internal storage)

Front 59

HDD>SSD

Back 59

cheaper > faster

High capacity> no defrag

Longer R/W life> shock proof

>silent

Front 60

WAN

Back 60

organisations hire infrastructures

Expensive+ than LAN

Front 61

LAN

Back 61

Easier Sharin files

Share same hardware

Share internet connection

Install/update at once

Communic w LAN users cheaply

Front 62

B E D C (utilities)

Back 62

BACKING UP-restrains files/data/programs invade failure

ENCRYPTION -scramble data anyone w out key can’t read

DEFRAG-reorganise struck so files together and free space

COMPRESSION - reducing file size by algorithm

Front 63

Lossless

Back 63

Some original file can be recreated,no data lostv

Front 64

Lossy

Back 64

Some orig data lost,orig file cannot be recreated

Front 65

Incremental

Back 65

Backs up files,data recently made or changed since last backup

Front 66

Full

Back 66

Backs up all data/programs on the device

Front 67

Device driver

Back 67

Translate OS instructions into understandable commands for HW

Front 68

OS

Back 68

handles security

Manages memory

Manages hardware

Manages applications

Front 69

TCP/IP

Back 69

MOST IMPORTANT

dictates how data is sent between networks