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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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autotrophs |
an organism that synthesizes complex organic compounds from simple inorganic raw materials; also called producer or primary producer |
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diffusion |
the net movement of partidcles (atoms molecules, or ions) from a region of higer concentration of that type of particle to a region of lower concentration (i.e down a concentration gradient), resulting from random motion; also called a simple diffusion |
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cohesion |
the property of sticking together |
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codon |
a triplet of nucleotides. the 64 possible condons collectively constitiue a universal genetic code inwhich each codon specifies an amino acid in a polypeptide, or a signal to eitehr start or terminate polypeptide synthesis |
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atomic number |
teh number of protons in the atomic nucleus of an atom, which uniquely identifies the element to which the atom corresponds |
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phages (bacteriophage) |
a virus that infects a bacterium (literally, "bacteria eater") |
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cytogenetics |
a branch of genetics that is concerned with the study of the structrue and function of the cell, especially the chromosomes |
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adaptation |
(1) an evoltuionary modification that improves an organisms's chances of suvival and reproductive success (2) a decline in the response of a receptor subjected to repeated or prolonged stimulation |
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phenotype |
the physical or chemical expression of an organisms genes |
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dominant |
a relationship between alleles of one gene in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks teh contribution of a second allele at teh same locus. the first alele is dominant and the second allele is recesive |
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kilojoule |
1000 joules; a joule is a unit of energy, equivalent to 0.239 calorie |
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locus |
the place on chromosomes at which the gene for a given trait occurs, (i.e. segement of the chromosomal DNA containing informaton that controls some featur of the organis; also called gene locus |
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genes |
a segment of DNA that serves as a unit of hereditary information; includes a transcribable DNA sequence (plus asociated regulating its transcription) that yields a protein or RNA product with a specific function |
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endergonic (reactions) |
a nonspontaneous reaction; a reaction requiring a net input of free energy |
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recessive (allele) |
an allele that is not expressed inteh heterozygous state |
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allele |
gnes governing variation of the same character that ocupy corersponding positions (loci) on homologous chromosoes; alternative forms of a gene |
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hypertonic |
a term referring to a solution havign an osmotic pressure (or solute concntration) greater that that of the solution with which it is compared |
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homozygous |
having a pair of identical alleles for a particular locus |
