Community Test 2

Front 1

communicable disease

Back 1

depends succeful interaction of infectious agent,host and environment=epi triangle

Front 2

agent

Back 2

can cause incectious or dIsease by bacteria, fungi, parasites and virus

Front 3

host

Back 3

human or animal can harbor an infectiouse agent

Front 4

environment

Back 4

all that is external
-reduction in communicable disease, can be achieved by altering these environmental facts ex using mosquito spray

Front 5

Mode of transmission
vertical transmission

Back 5

from parent to offspring via sperm planceta, milk, or contack in vaginal canal at birth

Front 6

horizontal transmision

Back 6

person-person
spread of infection through one or more routes direct or indirect, common vehicle, airborne, or vector borne

Front 7

common vehicle

Back 7

transportation via food, water, milk, blood serum,saliva, or plasma ex hep A-food or water
hep B blood

Front 8

vectors

Back 8

ex ticks or mosquito

Front 9

incubation

Back 9

invasion of infectious agent and first appearance of s&s of disease

Front 10

communicable period

Back 10

time which infectious agent may be transmited direct or indirect to another persons

Front 11

endemic

Back 11

constant prense of disease w/in geographic area or population
-ex normal in africa malaria, us pertusis(geographacally locolized in one area)

Front 12

epidemic

Back 12

in excess of normal expectancy(over the expected)
-if disease was consider elimanated from that area and you have a case

Front 13

pandemic

Back 13

world wide large pupulation HIV/Aids, H1N1

Front 14

primary prevention

Back 14

preventing before it happen,
-ex no shot, no school

Front 15

secondary

Back 15

preventing the spread once the disease occur

Front 16

tertiary

Back 16

reduce complication through treatment ex rehad

Front 17

zoonoses

Back 17

infection transmitted vertebrate animal to a human
-ex rabies

Front 18

parasitic opportunistic infection

Back 18

ex HIV pt
-toxoplasmosis and PCP more like to occurein people that lack health care or dont know they have aids

Front 19

Direct

Indirect

Back 19

-ex sexual std

-airborne

Front 20

descriptive epi

Back 20

describe a disease by according to its person, place or time

Front 21

analytic epi

Back 21

investigates cause and association between factors or events and health, the how and why-it analyze

Front 22

epidemiology

Back 22

-science that helps understand the strengh of the association between exposure and health effect in human population
-the use of info to control health problem
-the study of distribution and factor that determine health related states or events in a population

Front 23

epi triangle

Back 23

agent, host , environment
-need all 3 to have a disease

Front 24

NIMS

Back 24

national incident management system
-sync together

Front 25

NPG, NRP, NIMS

Back 25

goal establish a unified, all discipline and all hazards

Front 26

disaster management

Back 26

prevention, preparedness responce, and recovery

Front 27

unified command

Back 27

consensus decision making, teamwork, sharing activities, sharing responsibility

Front 28

comman and control

Back 28

relies on one authority

Front 29

red

Back 29

need immediate attention transport to hosptial ex chest wound, long bone injury, spinal injury

Front 30

green

Back 30

needs treatment but can transport themselves
ex glass embedded

Front 31

yellow

Back 31

can be treated at scene

Front 32

ch 27
incubation time

Back 32

time from exposure, till you have symptoms

Front 33

HIV
3stages

Back 33

-primary infection w/in 1 month of contracting virus
-clinical latency no symtoms
-final stage symtomatic disease, flu like symptoms, muscle weakness,leathargy, rash

Front 34

transmission

Back 34

blood,semen, vaginal secreations
breastmilk(vertical transmission)
sex (horizantal transmission)

Front 35

ryan white act

Back 35

passed 1990
-provide services for person w/hiv
-include emergency, early intervention and care, drug reimbursment

Front 36

HIV symptoms in children

Back 36

-failure to thrive
-diarhea
-developmental delay

Front 37

Hep A

Back 37

-transmited fecal-oral
-source water, food or sexual contact

Front 38

Hep B

Back 38

-blood and body fluids
-hepp vaccine given at birth
-osha mandates who are exposed to blood to get hep B vaccine

Front 39

TB screening

Back 39

-ppd=purified protein derivative
-follow with cxr if (+)
inject 0.1 ml, read 48-72 hrs
-meaure induration
-record in mm

Front 40

if (+) greater or = 5mm

Back 40

-HIV
-CXR show tb
-close contact w/infectious TB

Front 41

if greater 10mm

Back 41

-medical conditions ex diabetis, alcholism, drug use
-in inject drugs(HIV-)
-foreign person ,area with TB commom
-low income population

Front 42

if greater 15mm

Back 42

-over 4yrs of age w/no risk factors

Front 43

transmission of TB

Back 43

-air borne
-s&S cough, feber, chest pain, hemoptysis(cough blood), weight loose, fatigue

Front 44

DOT(directly observed therapy)

Back 44

ensure adherence w/drug treatment with TB pt

Front 45

TB

Back 45

-trasient place people come and go
-opportunistic disease, especially in HIV pt
-also multi drug resistance bc pt non complience and develop resistance

Front 46

american disability act

Back 46

-protect, aid, housing discrimination

Front 47

STD
--Gonorrehea

Back 47

- gram (-)
-infects mucous membrane of the genitourinary tract, rectum and pharynx
-transmitted genital-genital, oral-genital, anal-genital
-S&S purulent and copious urethral discharge and dysuria
-pelvic inflamatory disease(pid) risk for women

Front 48

syphilis

Back 48

-treponema pallidum
-infect moist mucosal or cutaneous membrane
-spread through direct contact, usually sexual or from mother to fetus
-early stage chancre
-second Rash, lymphadenopathy, mucosal ulceration, symptoms sore throat, malaise, headache, fever, weighloss, muscle and joint pain.
-3rd can develop psychoses, can lead to blindness, congenital damage, cardiovascular damage

Front 49

chlamydia

Back 49

-infect genitourinary tract and rectum of adults.
-cause conjunctivitis and pneumonia in neonates
-symtoms in women dysuria, urinary frequency, purulent vaginal discharge.
-men urethra most common site of infection, resulting in nongonococcal urethritis
-s&s dysuria and urethral discharge
most common reportable disease

Front 50

all are detremental(harmful)

Back 50

can cause in children
-blindness, cardiovascular, congentinal problems

Front 51

genital warts

Back 51

can infect genital, anus, mouth
-there also a vaccine

Front 52

nurses role

Back 52

proving education for preventive communicable disease
-asses high risk behaviors
-educate
-iv drug use, use new needle
-safer sex
provide community out reach for education and needle exchange.
-if going to do prophalic measure its tertiary prevention

Front 53

parasitic oppurtunistic infection

Back 53

-usually aids or immunicompromised
-pcp,cryptuspuridiosis, microporidiosis, isosporias, and toxoplasmosis
-cause diarhea and transmited fecal-oral

Front 54

ch 6
pollution can enter the body

Back 54

through
-Gi ingestion
-inhalation lungs
-skin and mucous membran

Front 55

four principles

Back 55

-everything is connected to everything else
-everything has to go somewhere
-solution to pullution is dilution
-todays solution may be tommorow problem

Front 56

when assesing environment want to determine whether?

Back 56

its air, water, soil, or food
-and whether its chemical, biological, radiological exposure

Front 57

environmental exposure hx/question
IPREPARE

Back 57

investigate,present work, resisdence, environmental concern, past work, activities, referral and resourses, educate

Front 58

enviromental health assesment

Back 58

whindshield survey is helpful 1st step

Front 59

msds

Back 59

material safety data sheet
-for chemical make up,health risk and safe use and handling enfored by osha

Front 60

lead, mercury and pesticide may interfere w/ what process of development

Back 60

with the process require for normal brain development

Front 61

children expose to environmental hazards

Back 61

are at risk for learning disabilities, behavior disorder, chronic disease ex asthma, cancer

Front 62

mercury

Back 62

limit fish for pregnant women, may create risk for unborn child delopping nervous system

Front 63

reducing environmental health risk

Back 63

education is primary prentive stragety
-risk communication (exchange of info about health or environment =good comm, includes
-right people, right info, right time
-3rs decease pollution =reduce, reuse, recycle

Front 64

ch 4
healthy community and city movement begin in eurome 1978,

Back 64

which is now international movement of community movement city focuses moblelizing local resources included political, profesional and community members in an effort to implement the health of the community

Front 65

f. Nightgale

Back 65

first moral leader and community oriented nurse
-pledge first code of ethic writen by lystra grether

Front 66

utilitarianism

Back 66

includes consequentialiasm, the moral value of actions is determine by its overall benefit
-overall max of good and minimizing of harm for the greatest amount of people

Front 67

principlism

Back 67

primary principle ar respect for automony(choose), nonmalifiance(do no harm), benefiance(to do good), and distributive of justice(fair)

Front 68

ethic and the core fuctions of public health

Back 68

assesment-competency related to knowledge development analysis and dissemination
-virtue ehic or moral character
-do no harm
---policy development-achieve public good, service to other over service to self,
-what is ethical is also good policy
----Assurance-all person should receive essential personal health services
-provider should be competent to provide care and be available

Front 69

code of ethic for nurse

public health code of ethic

Back 69

pg 61 containts 9 statements


pg 62 contains12 statements

Front 70

advocacy

Back 70

for nursing in the community-information and resource include votes, finance, effort

-public health-intended to reduce death or disability,it involde info and resources to decrease occurence

Front 71

public health
---end product of advocacy

Back 71

is to decrease morbidity and mortality and to id problem

Front 72

classical ethical theory

Back 72

utilitarianism and deotology

Front 73

deontology

Back 73

bases moral obligation on duty, action are obligatory irrespective of the good or bad consequence they produce

Front 74

healthy city

Back 74

basic premice of healty city if people have the oppurtinity to work out their own localy defination off health problem they will find sustainable solution to those problem

Front 75

ch 5
culture

Back 75

a set of belief, values and assumption develop over time

Front 76

race

Back 76

physical marker such as skin color, individual may be of the same race but of different culture

Front 77

ethnicity

Back 77

share feeling of people hood among a group of individual, share geographical location

Front 78

culture competence

Back 78

incoporate culture w/ care includes acknoledging the fundamental difference in ways client and families respond to illness and treatment

Front 79

competence

Back 79

refer to performance that is sufficient and adeque
- nurse is aware of the culture of pt

Front 80

culture awareness

Back 80

appreciationof and sensitivity to client values, belief practice lifestyle and problem solving
-understand own culture

Front 81

culture accommodaton

Back 81

nurse support and facilitates the use of culture practice
-when such culture practice are not harmful to clients
ex can modify bring food but less spices

Front 82

stereotyping

Back 82

ascribing certain belief and behaviours about a group to an individual w/out giving adequate attention to individual difference

Front 83

prejudice

Back 83

involdes neg attitudes, deeply held belief about other groups w/ no regard for the worth of the person

Front 84

racism

Back 84

form prejudice that refer to the belief that person who are born into particular group are inferiour in intelligence, moral and self worth

Front 85

ethnocentrism

Back 85

belief that ones own group determine the standard for behaviour
-think your ethnicity is the best/norm

Front 86

culture blindness

Back 86

tendency to ignore all differences amond cultures
-act as difference dont exist as result treat all the same

Front 87

culture shock

Back 87

feeling of helplessness, discomfort by an individual attempting to understand/adapt to another culture that differs in practice/values

Front 88

education

Back 88

exersice, less salt, on helbal remedies which can interact w/meds

Front 89

resorvoir

Back 89

infection agent lives, grow and multiply, human, animals and environment

Front 90

port of exit

Back 90

resp tract, gi, blood semen, vaginal secretion, saliva

Front 91

port of entrance

Back 91

resp, gi, sexual, mucouse membrane, skin, blood

Front 92

mode of transmission

Back 92

direct contact-
Direct ex sexual, droplet spread
-indirect- airborne, vehicle borne, vector ex mosquito flea, tick

Front 93

vehicles

Back 93

may indirect transmit an agent includeds
-food, water, biologic product(blood) and fomites ex hankerchief

Front 94

active immunity




passive immunity

Back 94

develop antibodies in responce to infection, vaccine or toxoid

antibodies before birth through placenta

Front 95

common symtom

Back 95

respiratory symptoms

Front 96

anthrax

Back 96

wool handles disease

Front 97

code of ethics

Back 97

reason for them is prevent any incident
-primary prenvention

Front 98

homeland security

Back 98

do to attacks
-to protect citizen
-prevent terriorism

Front 99

vector

Back 99

carrier ex mosquito

Front 100

rn goes out of way to give pt something they want, that they use in there culture.
-implement into care

Back 100

culture competence/culture accomadation

Front 101

stereotyping

Back 101

ex all jamaican smoke

Front 102

toxocology

Back 102

study of bad(neg) effect that chemical has
-only neg effect of chemical exposure are studied

Front 103

HIV/aids

Back 103

infants present w/ failure to thrive, diarhea developmental delays

Front 104

mongolian spot rn suspect abuse is ex off?

Back 104

biological variation

Front 105

asian

Back 105

codeine/morphine

Front 106

for some having mestrual flow is very secreative then heare people talk about it ex off?

Back 106

culture shock

Front 107

group prenatal pt education on nutrition

Back 107

limit fish because of mercury

Front 108

malaria

Back 108

classified as endemic in africa constact presence on geographical area

Front 109

pt with leprosy
-affect digits ans skin giving socks which prevention

Back 109

tertiary prevention

Front 110

pool hasnt being clean in 20 yr grow mold

Back 110

reservoir

Front 111

ex being tested
-using memory

Back 111

cognitive domain

Front 112

find out how it happen
-describe a desease according to
who, where, what, when?

Back 112

descriptive epidimiology

Front 113

all came from same place, can trace back?

Back 113

point epidemic

Front 114

study of disease aswell of health status of the population?

Back 114

epidimiology

Front 115

hep A

Back 115

transmission fecal/oral
-source mostly food, sex

Front 116

herd immunity

Back 116

cant be transmited bc everyone has vaccine and that one person cant affect, wont be suspectable to it

Front 117

effective education
-diabetic teaching 20 units what domain

Back 117

-pyschomotor

Front 118

when your teaching 1st thing you do

Back 118

- gain attention

Front 119

prevalance

Back 119

# of cases of disease in a period of time (new or old)
-measure of existing disease in a population at a particular time
- ex number of existing case/ current pop

Front 120

incidence

Back 120

# of new cases over a period of time that occured in a population w/ time frame

Front 121

ebp

Back 121

best current available scientific knowledge that we practice

Front 122

agent

Back 122

can be person, organism, mechanical, chemical, psycological-stress
-what cause it whatever the diseas(the problem)
-animal agent

Front 123

epi triangle

Back 123

host, agent, environment
-to have the problem need all 3
-chicken environment, eat chicken host,

Front 124

boyfriend/girlfriend
-both infected, will it be a problem if they have sex

Back 124

advise to use condom, bc of different strands

Front 125

ch 6
water supply and air quality

Back 125

EPA

Front 126

lead can cause

Back 126

neuro problems expecially children

Front 127

long term lead exposure can cause

Back 127

hypertension in adults
-premature birth
-learning disability in children

Front 128

chealation

Back 128

procedure for lead

Front 129

Period of prodomol

Back 129

Ex presymptom
-first symptom ex tingling, then get disease