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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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public nursing is what?
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-nurses who improve health through a population focus
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Public health interventions for the public include what?
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mandatory reporting of diseases
txment of newborn eyes vaccinations against disease prenatal screening of mother, prewedding screenings hosptial admission testing |
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Along with mandatory reporting what else occurs with STD's?
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-free tx in clinics
-contact tracing to get partners in for tx |
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Once the partners of a Pt with an STD is notified how long do they have till an officer comes after them?
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They have 2 weeks to come in for free tx.
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T/F
It is our duty to tell the spouse that the Pt has an STD? |
F
-we report the Pt to the health dept. who will inturn tell the spouse |
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who are our vulnerable populations?
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-homeless/poor
-migrant workers -mentally ill -drug abusers -TB Pt's -STD Pt's -abused Pt's |
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What is given the highest priortity in regard to infectious diseases?
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Prevention
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What is needed for an infectious disease to spread (simple terms)
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successful interaction between agent-host-environment for diease transmission
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What is needed to stop the spread of the disease?
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effective intervention
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Who is responsible for the intervention?
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-individual
-community to break the chain linking the agent, host and environment |
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What contribute's to the infectious diease?
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-human behavior (not washing hands)
-human activities (not taking full dose of antibiotics) |
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What is important when dealing with an infectious disease from the start?
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early detection
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What is a problem with early dectection?
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most Pt's don't show S/S early so they spread the disease without knowing they have it
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following up on sexual partners is what?
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partner notification
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examples of prevenative measures are what?
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-clean water
-clean air -universal precautions -food security laws -vaccines |
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prevention and control of STD is based on what?
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-ways to adopt safer sexual behavior
-ID people who are either asymptomatic or those who refuse to get txment -effective diagnosis and tx of infected people -evaluation, tx, and councle sex partners of person who are infected -pre-exposure vaccinations of people at risk for vaccine-preventable STD |
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People wo have an STD get what?
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FREE tx as a public health activity to reduce incidence rates
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the office of Public Health of LA misson is what?
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promote health through education that emphasizes the importance of indivdual respoinsibility for health and wellness
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Healthy People 2010-2020 goals of reducing is what?
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-childhood obesity
-tobacco use -services for Nat. Americans -increase vaccine over 2 yrs. old |
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Dr. DeSalvo (OPHD) mission is what?
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-maintain health of our citizens, visitors and communities through disease mapping prevention, and mang. while advocation and supporting health maintenance prevention and promotion activities
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services from the NOHD are what?
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-clinical service
-WIC -lead poisoning -dental -Ryan White program -Healthy start |
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Public health needs what from the community?
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Power of the vote
-funding of health care programs -legislators with positive view |
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Disease problmotion and prevention are most effective if what groups get along?
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-gov.
-business -vol. org. -consumers -community & health care providers |
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the goal of community based nursing is what?
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-helping the individuals and families promote health, prevent illness, and manage acute or chronic conditions in community and home settings not hospital
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US Depart. says health care is moving to what type of goal?
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-prevention care, due to greater number of conditions able to be treated
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what are some specialized rehab centers?
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stroke
head injury Alzheimers |
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With more complex treatments coming home with a PT what does that mean for the home nurse?
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Requires more RN's to be able to preform more complex procedures
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What are some comm. based health settings?
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ambulatory
ER doct. office home health occupational nurses parish rehab facilities W.I.C. volunteers |
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What are come ambulatory clinics?
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private
public school based clinics |
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"community health nursing" involves what?
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meeting of collective needs through identifying problems and managing interactions within the community itself
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"population" is what?
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collection of individuals who share 1 or more personal or environmental characteristics. (can also be exchanged with aggregate)
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Spcialization is what?
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a subset of community health nursing (Alzheimers vs. geriatric care)
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Public health nursing resulted from
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various social, economic and political forces
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what increases the need for public health nurses?
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urbanization, industrialization and immigration
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public health is what?
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organized community efforts to prvent disease and promote health
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community-oriented practice is what?
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targeted to the community, the population groupin which healthful change is sought
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community nursing involves who in care?
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the Pt, family and community, it is care where the family lives
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community RN enhances what?
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self-care ability of the client and family
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The tenets (beliefs) of comm. health nursing is
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-partnershiop with the community
-primary prevention -create a health environment -must reach out to all -greater good of all people -wise use of resources -collaboration with other professions |
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how can we as community nurses know what our community needs?
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-by gathering existing date, generating missing data the interpreting data
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5 ways to collect data are
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-informant interviews (1 on 1)
-participant observations (what do people see) -analysis of existing data (how many people are being tx'ed for HTN) -surveys -windshield surveys |
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What is the biggest problem for a community nurse?
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gaining entry or acceptance into the community
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Which is our goal for the Pt to be independent or dependent?
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independent
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1 way to get the Pt to be independent is what?
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through conitnuity of care, a linakge with services to improve the clients health
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Every person acts what way during a disaster?
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differently
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so we as community nurses must be what?
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flexiable in aiding diaster victims
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(Def)
a learned set of behaviors that are widely shared among a group of people |
culture
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what are som ebarriers to providing competent cultural care?
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-stereotyping
-prejudice -racism -ethnocentrism -cultural imposition -cultural conflict -cultural shock |
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When using a translator use what?
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a trusted translator (a person who went to school for it, not the 9 year old son)
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Dietary practices are also important so what should be done?
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Kosher meal
vegan meal |
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what should nurses understand about other cultures is...
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-how the groups understand life processes
-how the group define health and wellness -how they maintain wellness -what is the belief cause of illness (magico, religious) -how healers care for members -how the culture of the RN influences the care -assess cultural needs prior |
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how are communicable disease prevented?
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through universal precautions
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what is the leading public health activity that has saved lives?
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vaccines
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how are chronic diseases prevented?
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with health promotion measures that change lifestyles of Pt's and communities
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4 approaches to viewing the family are..
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-family as a context
-as a Pt -as a system -as a member of the community |
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so when dealing with a Pt, what else should we do in regards to the family?
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ask the Pt who is their family and then include them in the health care plan
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what is important for the RN to recognize from the Pt and family?
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that they have the right to make their own health care decisions (if the Jehovah witness wants to bleed out then fine)
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in working with the family what needs to be evaluated?
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the families outcomes and responses TO THE plan NOT the success of the interventions
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what is the only time a high risk Pt shouldn't get a immunization?
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respiratory infection (contraindicated for some immunizations)
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which gender is the more vulnerable?
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men
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which gender engage in more risk-taking behaviors?
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men
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which gender tend to avoid diagnosis and tx of illness that may result in serious health problems?
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men
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what is our goal when dealing with the elderly?
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maximize functional status and minimize costs through appropriate referral community resources
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when dealing with the care givers of the elderly Pt, what should we assess for?
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caregiver burn out
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we should assess what in an elderly Pt?
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-physical
-psychological -social -spiritual (they should define their quality of life) |
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What effect does the poor/ homeless have on the health care system?
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-chronic illness
-more admissions -shorter life span -more complex health problems |
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6 historical functions of the family are what?
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-economic survival
-reproduction -protection -cultural heritage -socialization of young -conferring status |
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who is most likely to be abused?
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elderly women with severe disabilities (dementia)
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family structure refers to what?
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-characteristics
-gender -age -# of people who make it up |
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family health includes what?
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-biological
-psychological -sociological -cultural -spiritual aspects of the family |
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occupational nursing is what?
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RN working on site on the job (oil rig, factory)
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Day programs for activites include
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-senior centers
-companion visitors or housekeeping services |
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institutional health care is what?
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-long term acute care units (LTACU)
-Nursing home -group homes |
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agents of bioterrorism include
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anthrax- organisim which forms spores (Bacillus anthracis)
can manifest by cutaneous, GI, respiratory and inhalation |
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small pox
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eradiated in 79, US no longer immunized against it, one of the leading candidates in bioterrorism
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community RN's must:
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-be visionary to meet the demands of changing health care
-promote and eliminate health disparities among US by targeting children, minorities, elderly, poor -committed to the deined goals of healthy populations, individuals, families, and communities -promote health policy, better health cae and health education |
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Primary prevention
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seeks to reduce the incidence of disease by preventing it before it happens
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(which prevention)
-abstinence -safer sex is using condoms -monogamy and not serial monogamy helps |
primary prevention
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(which prevention)
-free safer sex methods -free screening services at abulatory clinics -free tx of newborns -free tx of pregnant women -free or low cost immunizations -immigration screening to protect US citizens |
primary prevention
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(def)
focuses on early identification and tx of identified health problems |
secondary prevention
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(which prevention)
-free tx for many/most STD -contact tracing (partners) -health promotion "pelvic rest" -MANDATORY REPORTING -mass immunizations for epidemic |
secondary prevention
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adherence to tx regime, abstinece during tx
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secondary prevention
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(which prevention)
-follow up to confirm tx was completed and disease successfully resolved -health promotion of "safer sex" tech. - in other countries, sex workers required to be screened -we have laws that protect children (can't marry till 18) |
Tertiary prevention
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practicing primary prevention is which "prevention"?
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Tertiary prevention
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Case managers can be who?
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RN or social worker
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what is the role of the case manager?
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-move Pt's to the lowest cost level of health care
-cooperative arrangement with Pt, family, dr, and health care system -changing health care funding has put more pressure on everyone -utilizing community resources can help move a Pt home |
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Websites for refference
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-CDC
-WHO -LA health and hospital division -many non-profit organizations |
