Community Health Nursing

Front 1

Community Health Nursing

What should the goals of community nurses include?

Back 1

--Assist in providing easy access to the healthcare system
--Promote flexible solutions to care for the needs of the patient and family
--Promote smooth transitions among collaborating health care agencies
--Provide support for patient and family
--Provide cost effective health care

Front 2

Community Health Nursing

What should the nurse assess for in the client?

Back 2

What is the client’s expectation of the outcome of care?
Basic care needs, Meds, Nutrition, Comfort with technology, Can use emergency equipment, Supplemental oxygen, cane walking, or other assistive devices

Front 3

Community Health Nursing

What should the nurse assess for in the client's lifestyle?

Back 3

Does the patient live alone
How frequently do friends/family visit
What is the schedule of family and friends
What is the risk for abuse
Is there alcohol use/ abuse
Is there drug use/ abuse

Front 4

Community Health Nursing

What should the nurse assess for in the environment?

Back 4

Assess the home:
--Is there enough space to provide proper care?
--Ability to accommodate necessary equipment?
Safety
--Obstacles in the home
--Security of neighborhood
--Infestations of insects or rodents
Transportation needs
--Is there ability to attend necessary appointments

Front 5

Community Health Nursing

What should the nurse assess for in the client's family life?

Back 5

Nurse as rescue agent
Role expectations
Financial Resources
Physical/emotional Resources
Ethical dilemmas
Isolation
Respite care

Front 6

Community Health Nursing

What should the nurse assess for in the client's culture and lifestyle?

Back 6

Heritage
Communication
Family roles and organization
Workforce issues
Bicultural ecology
High-risk behaviors
Nutrition
Pregnancy
Death rituals
Spirituality
Health care practice

Front 7

Community Health Nursing

What IS culture?
What IS cultural competence?

Back 7

1) A learned integrated pattern of behavior that includes thought, speech, action and artifacts

2) The ability of health care providers and organizations to respond effectively to the culture of patients

Front 8

Community Health Nursing

What are three methods of cultural assessment?

Back 8

1) Observation, Interview, Participation.

Front 9

American Indian and Alaska Native

1) Environmental control
2) Biological variations
3) Social organization
4) Communication
5) Space
6) Misc. (4)

Back 9

1) Traditional health , Healing by natural means, Medicine man
2) Accidents , Heart disease, Cirrhosis of the liver, DM.
3) Family oriented, Children are taught to respect elders/ traditions, Community
4) Tribal languages, Silence and body language
5) Very Important
6) Use herbal treatment instead of hospital/doctor care.
Health is defined as living in total harmony with nature.
Belief in the supernatural powers of healing and for illness.
Illness can be defined as evil.

Front 10

Asian
China, Japan, Hawaii, Phillippines, Vietnam, Indian, Korean, Somoa Guam
1) Environmental control
2) Biological variations
3) Social organization
4) Communication
5) Space
6) Misc. (1)

Back 10

1) Holistic approach- the need for harmony, respect for life
2)Hypertension, Liver cancer, Lactose intolerance
3) Family with loyalty, Large extended family networks, Devotion to tradition
4) National language preferences
Dialects, written characters, Use of silence
5) Non contact
6) Use acupuncture, cupping, and traditional healers to cure disease or reduce pain.

Front 11

Black

West Africa, West Indian, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica
1) Biological variations
2) `Social organizations
3) Communication
4) Space
5) Misc.

Back 11

1) Sickle cell anemia, HTN, esophagus cancer, Lactose intolerance
2) Family: many single mom, head of the household, Large extended family, Strong church affiliation
3) Could speak French, Spanish, Creole
4) Close personal space
5) Folk medicine to treat many aliments.
Voodoo can be used
Muslims don't drink alcohol b/c it dulls their senses and causes illness. Fast for 30 days- not consuming meat of land animals, eat only one meal (dinner) nothing in the mouth from 5am until sundown, small children and pregnant women are exempt.

Front 12

Hispanics
Spain, Cuba, Mexico, Centraland South America, Puerto Rico
1) Environmental control
2) Biological variations
3) `Social organizations
4) Communication
5) Space

Back 12

1) Folk medicine, Traditional healers
2) DM, Parasites, Lactose intolerance
3) Nuclear families, Large extended families, Strong church affiliations
4) Spanish or Portuguese
5) Tactile , Value physical presence

Front 13

Whites
Germany, England, Ireland Italy, Russia, European
1) Environmental control
2) Biological variations
3) `Social organizations
4) Space

Back 13

1) Western health care delivery system
2) Breast Cancer, Heart disease, DM
3) Nuclear Families, Extended Families, Community and Social organizations
4) Non contact- aloof and distant

Front 14

Community Health Nursing

What should the nurse assess for in: Personnel?
Agencies?

Back 14

1) What healthcare personnel are required to be involved to meet the expected outcome?
Financial ability to fund additional personnel?
Restrictions related to additional personnel?
2)What other agencies are needed to meet the expected outcome
Examples: meal planning, rehabilitation
Financial ability to fund involvement of additional agencies
Restrictions related to agency involvement

Front 15

Community Health Nursing

What should the nurse assess for in: Equipment?
Time?

Back 15

1) What adaptive equipment is necessary to assist in meeting the expected outcome?
Financial ability to fund additional equipment?
Ability to maintain equipment?
2) How much time can the patient be without assistance?
How much time will funding resources pay for additional home care?

Front 16

Community Health Nursing

What are some barriers to service?

Back 16

Eligibility issues, Transportation issues, Time, Language, Uncertainty, Powerlessness, Lack of problem solving skills

Front 17

Community Health Nursing

What should the care plan focus on?

Back 17

1) Health promotion (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary), Disease Prevention(Knowledge deficit), Health Protection (Safety), rehab.(Altered Health Main.)

Front 18

Community Health Nursing

What are the leading health indicators on Healthy People 2010?

Back 18

Physical Activity 
Overweight and Obesity 
Tobacco Use 
Substance Abuse 
Responsible Sexual Behavior 
Mental Health 
Injury and Violence 
Environmental Quality 
Immunization 
Access to Health Care 

Front 19

Community Health Nursing

What's Healthy People 2010?

Back 19

--A comprehensive set of national health objectives for the decade
--Designed to promote a transition to healthy behaviors within the American population
--Developed by a collaborative process
--Designed to measure progress over time
--A public health document that presents a strategic plan, and educational programming promoting healthy behavior as a public health priority

Front 20

Community Health Nursing

What are the focus areas of Healthy People 2010?

Back 20

Access to Quality Health Services
Injury and Violence Prevention
Arthritis, Osteoporosis, and Chronic Back Conditions
Maternal, Infant, and Child Health  
Cancer
Medical Product Safety  
Chronic Kidney Disease
Mental Health and Mental Disorders  
Diabetes
Nutrition and Overweight  
Disability and Secondary Conditions
Occupational Safety and Health
Educational and Community-Based

Front 21

Community Health Nursing

What are the Healthy People 2010 focus areas?

Back 21

--Access to Quality Health Services
--Injury and Violence Prevention
--Arthritis, Osteoporosis, and Chronic Back Conditions
--Maternal, Infant, and Child Health  
--Cancer
--Medical Product Safety
--Chronic Kidney Dx
--Mental Health and Mental D/O  
--Diabetes
--Nutrition and Obesity
--Disability and Secondary Conditions
--Occupational Safety and Health
Educational
--Public Health Infrastructure  
--Food Safety
--Respiratory Dx
-- Health Communication
--Vision and Hearing
--STIs/ HIV
--Heart Dx and Stroke
--Substance Abuse  
--Tobacco Use  
--Immunization and Infectious Dx

Front 22

Community Health Nursing

Describe the Nurse's job in home setting

Back 22

--Autonomous and is
"eyes and ears" for the doctor.
--First to notice a change in the patient.
--Patient controls the environment (maybe not the most optimal)
--Need to have a wide base of knowledge (Young to old population)
--Excellent documentation skills
--Clear understanding of reimbursement
--Limited direct supervision of supportive staff.

Front 23

Community Health Nursing

Describe the Nurse's job in an inpatient setting

Back 23

--Depend on doctor and doctor orders
--Environment controlled by the facility and staff
--Specific expertise in a set diagnosis or type of patient
--Finance handles the reimbursement
--Continuous direct supervision of assistive staff

Front 24

Community Health Nursing

What are some Nurse's roles in the community?

Back 24

--Interdisciplinary team member
--Case manager
--Collaborator
--Counselor
--Advocate
--Change agent
--Care giver
--Public health nurse

Front 25

Community Health Nursing

What are some nursing practice settings in the community?

Back 25

--Rehabilitation center
--Hospice center
--Public health unit
--Occupational health office
--Correctional facility
--Home

Front 26

Community Health Setting

Planning health educational goals
1) What should the patient be able to understand or demo?
2) What should the nurse consider?

Back 26

1) --Understand the illness
--Understand the treatment plan
--Demo. competence in managing care
--Demo. effective coping mechanisms

2)--The patient expected outcome(s) of treatment.
The patient objectives.
Results of the patient needs assessment.
The patient’s reading level.
Primary language of the patient and family.

Front 27

Community Health Nursing

Someone fell in their own home recently. They haven't told anyone because they are afraid of losing their independence. What should a nurse tell them?

Back 27

--Encourage a check-up
--May need a medication change
--Advice on how to make home safer
--Exercise classes

Front 28

Community Health Nursing

Levels of Prevention
1) Describe Primary prevention.
2) Examples?

Back 28

1) Used to avoid a delay in occurrence or a disease or illness

2)--Seat belts
--Balanced diet
--Smoking cessation
--Refrain from alcohol
--Immunizations
--Proper weight/ BMI

Front 29

Community Health Nursing

Levels of Prevention
1) Describe Secondary prevention.
2) Examples?

Back 29

1) Early detection of the disease
Including screening
2) --Yearly Pap smears and Mammograms
--Monthly breast exams (men/women)
--Testicular self exams
--Prostate exams
--Glaucoma exams

Front 30

Community Health Nursing

Levels of Prevention
1) Describe Tertiary prevention.
2) Examples?

Back 30

1) Rehab. begins when disease has stabilized.

2)-- Following cardiac rehab program
--Getting rehab services post-injury (CVA, head injury, etc.)