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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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first once a day pill
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Atripla
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always treat with at least how many drugs?
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3
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HIV vs AIDS?
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HIV- transmission of virus
AIDS- CD4 count <200, opportunistic infection |
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fungal infection of aids in the bronchi, trachea, lungs, esophagus and mouth called something else.. ?
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candidiasis AIDS
Thrush in mouth |
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viral AIDS infection causes eye disease and may lead to blindness
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CMV
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recurring fevers, general sick feeling, digestive problems, weight loss
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MAC or MAI
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fungal infection of AIDS can casue fatal pneumonia.. how HIV was discovered
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PCP
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protozoal infection of the brain
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Toxo
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asymptomatic period lasts
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8-10 years
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dx HIV
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elisa tes followed by western blot or IFA.. tests antibody
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window pd
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3 months retest.. can take up to 6 mon in rare cases, usually 2-4 weeks
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what to give for HIV pts with HBV
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tenofovir with either
lamivudine or emitictabine |
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initiate therapy when? 3
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HIVAN
CD4 350-500 HBV |
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whiteheads 7 determinants
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Genetics- Biological
Health damaging behavior (sports) Early access to health promotion Restrictions on lifestyle Exposure to unhealthy conditions Limited access natural selection (old age) |
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ethical issue vs dilemma
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issue- profession
dilemma- both sides how to chose? |
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how to solve moral distress?
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seek colleague support and talk to manager
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right action produces greatest good or least harm
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consequentialism
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the end justifies the means
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utilitarianism
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a person always treated as ends in themselves and never as means to the ends of others
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deontology
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steps of epidemiology 3
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define the outcome (bad)
describe the distribution find factors that explain the pattern or risk for occurrence |
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sensitivity vs. specificity
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sensitivity- true positives
specificity- true negatives |
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reliable vs. valid
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reliable is how consistent and valid is how true; is it really measuring what we think
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follow up study. do the people with a certain characteristic develop an outcome more than those without?
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prospective cohort
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rely on existing records to find population either exposed or not
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retrospective cohort
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incidence and prevalence reported. do ppl with the disease have this charac. more than those without?
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case control studies
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snapshot.. prevalence or exposed group vs unexposed group
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cross-sectional
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case reports or lab results are sent to health dept
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passive system
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search for cases through contacts with local agencies
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active system
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calculate disease morbidity by monitoring key events when info isnt available
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sentinel system
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investigation setps 6
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confirm outbreak
verify dx; define case estimate # of cases data person, place, time hypothesis implement control measures |
