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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Black Nightingale (1805-1881)
She focused her caregiving among high-risk clients of the day and did so in an innovative, entrepreneurial manner unique for women of color |
mary seacole
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home visit
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francis root
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First to use term “Public Health Nursing”
Teachers College National Organization for Public Health Nursing Henry Street Settlement Metropolitan Life Insurance Co |
Lillian Wald & Mary Brewster
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Lina Rogers - what did she do for us?
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school nurse
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Mary Breckenridge
What did she do? |
nurse midwife
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A collection of people who interact with one another and whose common interests or characteristics form the basis for a sense of unity or belonging
Geographic Common-interest Community of solution |
community
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A mass or grouping of distinct individuals who are considered as a whole, who are loosely associated with one another.
Encompasses many different-sized groups |
aggregate
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whats The aggregate focus
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a concern for groupings of people in contrast to individual health care, becomes a distinguishing feature of community health practice
Pregnant and parenting teens, elderly adults with diabetes or gay men with HIV/AIDS |
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There are used in measuring the health of the US population 467 objectives stated in measurable terms that specify targeted incidence and prevalence changes and address age, gender, and culturally vulnerable groups along with improvement in public health systems
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healthy people 2010
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what are 2 goals of healthy people 2010
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Increase the quality and years of healthy life
Eliminate health disparities It provides a framework for prioritizing and addressing specific health needs in designated communities |
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to effect [attitudinal?] behavioral changes in individuals & groups related to
improved well-being |
health promotion
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voluntary actions taken to decrease the potential or actual threat of illness or disease & its harmful consequences
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health protection
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precedes onset of disease or dysfunction
used to AVOID or DELAY the actual occurrence of health condition |
primary prevention
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focuses on people who are already experiencing disease or dysfunction
used for early detection & treatment |
secondary
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occurs when disease, dysfunction, defect, or disability is permanent & irreversible
begins when condition has stabilized without any further healing expected involves minimizing effects by preventing complications & deterioration focuses on MAXIMIZING WELLNESS |
tertiary
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client or health education?
proper nutrition? exercise? stress management? |
primary
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more reactive [vs proactive] in their intent
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health protection programs
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focus on individuals & populations as a whole & NOT solely on those at risk for specific diseases
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health promotion programs
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stimulus-response AKA conditioning
focuses on behaviors that can be observed, measured, & changed e.g., Pavlov, Skinner if behaviors change, learning occurred |
behavioral model
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is orderly, sequential, & interactive process (Piaget)
certain experiences must exist before intellectual abilities can develop |
cognitive model
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reacting to new situations by using preexisting skillss
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assimilation =
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being mature enough to solve previously unsolved problem
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accommodation =
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ability to cope with environmental demands =
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adaptation
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what are the stages of cognitive thinking
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sensorimotor
preconceptual intuitive thought concrete operations formal operations |
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people have a natural tendency to learn
learning flourishes in positive environment, perhaps learner-centered e.g., Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers ultimately, we become all that we can be |
humanistic model
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learn best when they are actively involved, when info is repeated, when prompt feedback is provided, & when importance is attached to the topic
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adult learners
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andragogy vs
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self directed
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pedagogy
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others directed
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gist is that people will act in certain ways based on their perceptions to PROTECT health [prevent illness & injury]
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Becker, Hochbaum, Rosenstock
health model |
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individual characteristics & experiences interact with behavior-specific cognitions to influence specific behavioral outcomes
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pender health model
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what is the outcome of the pender health model
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health behavior to improve well-being & actualize human health potential [i.e., health PROMO]
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Predisposing
Reinforcing Enabling Constructs in Educational/ Ecological Diagnosis Evaluation |
precede
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Policy
Regulatory & Organizational Constructs for Educational & Environmental Development |
procede
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what data were collected?
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chn assessment
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based on analysis
highlighted by strengths confirmed & prioritized by client realistic & measurable goals stated time frame ONE action verb 2 verbs = 2 goals! |
planning
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knowledge
comprehension application analysis synthesis evaluation |
blooms cognitive domain
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deals with changes in interest, attitudes, values
ideally, with health ed, the changes would be HP behaviors |
blooms affective domain
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receptiveness, i.e., being willing to listen, loosen ‘blinders’
active participation e.g., seeking out more info internalization of idea or value e.g., engaging in behavior |
Blooms affective learning levels
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involves demonstrable performance skills that require neuromuscular coordination
e.g., diaper-changing, dressing care, BSE, TSE learners MUST be capable of skill [physically, emotionally, intellectually] have sensory image of how to do it e.g., via pictures, video, demonstration practice, PRACTICE, PRACTICE!!! |
blooms psychomotor domain
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Promotion of hygiene and prevention of disease by maintenance of health enhancing condition
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sanitation
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He advocated the establishment of state and local boards of health, environmental sanitation, collection and use of vitals statistics, systematic study of disease, control of food and drugs, urban planning, establishment of nurses’ training schools, and preventive medicine
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shattuck report
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Responsible for communicable disease control, vital statistics, laboratory services, environmental sanitation and hygiene, Health education, and maternal child health
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state government health agencies
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study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including disease), and the application of this study to the control of diseases and other health problems
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epidemiology
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how do epis use data
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to form hypothesis
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How and Why
Case-control, cohort studies Hypothesis testing |
analytic epi
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Applied epi. to quickly control and prevent
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field epi
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What, Who, Where, and When
M/F%, Crude/Specific rates Trend analysis Used for hypothesis generating |
descriptive epi
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: a recent change in health status from well to ill, alive to dead
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incidence
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existing health status at one point in time regardless if recent or chronic
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prevalence
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measurable comparisons between different populations (denominator)
Crude Adjusted rates (e.g. age) |
rate
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initiated by the source of the data
Inexpensive Underestimated counts |
passive surveilance
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initiated by health department
More complete data Time consuming/expensive |
active surveilance
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select sites reporting on specific conditions
Allows quantification of burden of disease in geographic area Not always generalizable |
sentinel surveilane
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use of health-related data (i.e. symptoms)
Early detection of outbreaks Time consuming if manually done, expensive using software |
syndromic surveilance
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: amount of disease usually present in a community (baseline)
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Endemic
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: persistent high levels of disease in a community
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Hyperendemic
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: ↑ in cases, limited by place and time
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Cluster
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: ↑ in cases, usually sudden, above baseline
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Epidemic
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: same as epidemic but limited geographically
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Outbreak
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: epidemic that has spread, large number of people affected
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Pandemic
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Home visit
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francis root
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Lillian Wald & Mary Brewster
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termed public health
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a collection of people who share some common interest or goal
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community
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what are the 8 characteristics of a community health practice
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1)client is the population
2)the greatest good for the greatest number of ppl 3) work with clients as equal partners 4) prevention is priority 5) select strategies that create healthy environmental, social and economic conditions 6) reach out to all who might benefit 7) make optimal use of available resources 8) collaborate with a variety of professions, organizations, and entities |
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first superintendant general of district nursing
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florence lee
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first home health nurse
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mary robinson
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founded first birth control center
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Margaret Sanger
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first school nurse
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lina rogers
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midwife
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mary breckenridge
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public health
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edwin chadwick
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good record keeper
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lemuel shattuck
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