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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bottom Up
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Ear to higher level of quartericle processing
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Top Down
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Top levels of processing interference to help higher levels of processing
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Filters for Consonants
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*The Front (Bilabial (p,b) Labiodental (f,V) and Interdental (THink, THere)
*Alevolar (T,D,S,Z) *Alveopalatal (SHip, meaSUre) *Velar (K,G) |
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The Front Place
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*allows low freq. to go through (low pass filter)
*Source: go through this low pass filter and the output spectrum will have most of its ENERGY in low frequencies |
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Alveolar Place
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*allows freq. higher than 3000 hertz to go through (High Pass Filter)
Source: most energy in freq. higher than 3000 hertz |
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The Alveopalatal
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*Allows Freq. higher than 2000 hertz to go through (high pass filter)
*Source: Higher energies above 2000 hertz |
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Velar Place
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*Complicated filter
*One bandpass centered somewhere between 1 and 3 hertz, the other very broad bandpass is between 3.5 and 4 hertz. Souce: High energy in indicated areas listed above |
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Nasal Consonants
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*Bandpass at low freq. due to the cul de sac in the oral tract.
*Glotal Source *Articulatory Shape: one absoulte closure in the vocal tract and opening in the nasal tract *Closure in oral track = loss of energy *nasal Formnant (grouped together) |
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FIlter for L
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*Weakened Frequencies between F2 and F3 due to the cul de sac that is formed above the tongue
*Glotal Source *Ariculatory shape: closed in front with openings on the side |
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Filter for R
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*THe distincitive lowered F3 Frequency (at 2000 HZ or lower) which is the mark of the R articulation
*3rd peak is uncharacteristly low |
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Lexicon
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Word Dictionary, context you store with everyword you know
"Mental Dictionay" --> words alreayd known to relate to |
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Different Sources
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-Glottis Source
-Transient Noise source -Continious Noise source (amp. depends on articulatory shape) |
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z, zh, v , THink and THis noise source is...
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Voiced Fricitive= Glottal source and continuous noise
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Vowel source is..
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Always Glottal source, unless whispering
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P,T,K Source..
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Voicless, Transient noise source
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B,G Source
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Vocied stops, Transient Noise source, and sometimes Glottal source
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L,Y,R,W source
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Nasal, glottal source!
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Voice Stops
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Glottal source, modifified arim stream vs. gets obstructed
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Voiced Fricative
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Glottal and continious noise
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STOPS: P,T,K
[s__V*** |
S1 Artics. Closed.
Open RB open vowel start (S must be part of the same word or syllable) |
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Difference in vowels and consonants is..
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Free vs. obstuctured air flow
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VOicless fricatives source..
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Glottal source
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Voicless stops
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Transient source, nothing comes out. No sound at Glottis, "closure period"
MUST follow a vowel, but not follow a su in the same word |
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THe closue intervals for voicLESS stops..
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most often show no energy present
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The closure intervals for Voiced stops...
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show some energy present
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Porcess of perception
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1 Acoustic Signal
2 Auditory analsis 3 Extraction of phonetic Feautures 4 constucting a sequence of phonetic codes 5 Lexical acess 6 syntactic 7 semantic interpretation |
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Fricative
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in phonetics, a consonant sound, such as English f or v, produced by bringing the mouth into position to block the passage of the airstream, but not making complete closure, so that air moving through the mouth generates audible friction.
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Voice onset time is defined as the time interval between what?
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Release of a stop consonant and the onset of voicing for the following vowel
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Vocieless stops at the beginning of words or sullables typically show...
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Rather long voice onset times
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Content Words
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Nouns, verbs, Adj.
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Function words
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Preopsitions, conjuctions, etc. (NOT nouns, verbs or adj.)
*most fricatives show up in function words *sometimes does not even bother to produce weak sounds "stack em' up" |
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SPectrum of bilabial verse
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Falling spectrum, higher freq. are weak and low are strong
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Compact Spectrum/ Velar burst
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Most of its energy is concerntrated into a single peak
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bivelar spectrum
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Hope bunch of energy at 3000 hertz (up then down)
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