Communication Exam 1 Flash Cards

Front 1

What is Communication?

Back 1

acting upon inforamtion

Front 2

What are the Key components of Communication?

Back 2

1) message should be understood
2) Message should achieve their intended effect
3) Take into consideration of thics (sensitive to others)

Front 3

Human Communication?

Back 3

Is the process of making sense out of the world and sharing that sense with others by creating meaning through verbal and nonverbal messages
Means you make sense out of the experience by talking to other people about what happened and share it with other people through stories

Front 4

Human Communication?

Back 4

is the process of stimulating meaning in the minds of others using verball and nonverbal messages
ms=mr
ms=/=mr

Front 5

Source?

Back 5

Encoding-sender encodes a message
Encode is to put words into your thoughts

Front 6

Receiver?

Back 6

Decode-assign meaning to verbal and non verbal messages
This is where ms=/=mr

Front 7

Channel?

Back 7

Pathway through wich the message was sent
Ex: telephone, emai, face to face

Front 8

Message?

Back 8

What we said through verbal or nonverbal

Front 9

Context?

Back 9

Physical, Historical, and Psychological Environment
The situation in which the communication is occuring (setting)

Front 10

Feedback Loop?

Back 10

Responding

Front 11

Human Communication as Action?

Back 11

Message Transfer
When message is sent to receiver and their is no feedback loop
Military example
Obeying orders

Front 12

Human Communication as Interaction?

Back 12

Message Exchange
Introduces the feedback loop with some response
There is a plan for the message
Doctor and patient relationship

Front 13

Human Communication as Transaction?

Back 13

Message Creating
Sender and receive simultaneously create message
Example of talking to your friends

Front 14

Communication is inescapable?

Back 14

do it no matter what

Front 15

Communication is irreversible?

Back 15

once it has been said t is there can cant be taken back
Ex: character witness

Front 16

Communication is complicated?

Back 16

we don't always known if MS=MR
ex 6 people conversation between 2 people

Front 17

Communication is content and relationship oriented?

Back 17

Content what is acutally said relationship the non verbal message that gets in the way of the message

Front 18

Communication is gov. by rules?

Back 18

There are rules for communication in the relationship

Front 19

A perception is the _____ of your sense

Back 19

Arousal: we attire to it and process what it means

Front 20

Our perceptions are influenced by out _____ and ______

Back 20

Self concept: subj description of who you are
Self Esteem: the value that you place on your self concept

Front 21

What are the 4 ways are self concept is developed?

Back 21

1) Through communication with other people, other people confirm who you think you are
2) through groups who we associate with
3) roles that we assume
4) lables that reflect beliefs attitudes and values

Front 22

Once our _____ are activated, we being to process them

Back 22

senses

Front 23

_____ is in the mind of the receiver. It remains _____ rather than _____

Back 23

Perceptions
Subjective
Objective

Front 24

Our _____ serve as a lens (self-concept/self esteem). The message we send and receive are _____ through this lense

Back 24

Perceptual Processes
Filtered

Front 25

Stages of Perception: Stage 1

Back 25

Attention and Selection: perceive a stimuli and choose to focus on it

Front 26

Stages of Perception: Stage 2

Back 26

Organization: convert the information that you see in convient understandable pattern thart makes sense to you (stereotype)

Front 27

Stages of Perception: Stage 3

Back 27

Innterpretation: Attaching meaning to what you organize

Front 28

How can we enhance perceptual accuracy?

Back 28

Avoid:
Stereptypes
Assuming similarity
First impressions

Front 29

How do you use indirect Perception Checking?

Back 29

Seek out additonal information in a passive manner

Front 30

What is the three step process for checking our direct perceptions?

Back 30

1) Describe the behavior -verbal or nonverbal
2) Offter two possible interpretations
3) Requestion clarification

Front 31

A Language is a system of _____ (words or vocabulary) structured by _____ (rules and standards) and _____ (patterns in the arrangement of words) common to a community of people

Back 31

Symbols
Grammer
Syntax

Front 32

Words have the power to _____ and _____ experience
Words have the power to impact _____ and _____
Words have the power to reflect our _____ and _____

Back 32

create and label
thoughts and actions
attitudes and culture

Front 33

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Back 33

Language shapes perceptions
Perceptions shape behavior
Our thoughts are rooted in and controlled by language the word we use to describe our situation given a perception words can shape our behavior

Front 34

Denotative means?

Back 34

Resitricture and Literal
Dictionary

Front 35

Connotative Means?

Back 35

Personal and subjective
Personal Meaning

Front 36

A word is _____ if we can see it, touch it, smell it, taste it, or hear it. If we cannot the word is _____

Back 36

Concrete
Abstract

Front 37

_____ messages are more clear; _____ terms are more difficult to understand or agreee upon

Back 37

Concrete
Abstract

Front 38

Culture?

Back 38

consists of the rules, norms, and values of a group of people that have been learned and shape from one generation to the next

Front 39

Symbols derive their meaning from what?

Back 39

The situation in which they are used

Front 40

The meaning people attach to symbols are affected by what?

Back 40

Situation

Front 41

_____ your own feelings rather than _____ others

Back 41

Describe
Evaluate
When you _____
I feel _____

Front 42

_____ problems rather than _____ others

Back 42

Solve
Control

Front 43

Be _____ rather than _____

Back 43

Genuine
manipulative

Front 44

_____ rahter than remained _____ from others

Back 44

Empathize
Detached

Front 45

Be _____ rather than _____ toward others

Back 45

Flexible
Rigid

Front 46

Gutty Sacking?

Back 46

We hold stuff that has happened and then a few months later it comes out

Front 47

What is nonverbal communication?

Back 47

Bheavior other than written or spoken language that stimulates meaning for someone

Front 48

What are the nonverbal codes?

Back 48

Actual Behaviors/ nonverbal that we use to stimulate meaning

Front 49

What are the three nonverbal codes for appearance?

Back 49

1) Artifacts: things we use to decorate our body
2) Dress: Clothes that we choose to wear
3) Body type: shape of our body

Front 50

What is kinesics?

Back 50

the study of human movements, gestures, and posture

Front 51

What are the four nonverbal codes for kinesics?

Back 51

1) Emblems: gesture that has a direct verbal translation
2) illustrator: gesture/body movement that accompanies the verbal message and helps to provide meaning(spiral)
3)Regulators: Gesture that helps control interaction patterns in a conversation (raising your hand)
4) Adaptors: Movement or gesture that helps you satisfy a personal need in a particular situation (restless leg syndrome for when you're bored)

Front 52

What is the nonverbal codes for eye contact?

Back 52

typically stimulates meaning of trust and liking

Front 53

What is the nonverbal code for facial expression?

Back 53

Facial expressions show 6 emotions

Front 54

What is the nonverbal code for affect display?

Back 54

Emotionals through areas besides the face

Front 55

What is the nonverbal code for haptics?

Back 55

The study of touch

Front 56

What is the nonverbal code for vocalics?

Back 56

tone, rate, volume, pitch, back channel cues (uh huh to confirm), response latency (time it takes to respond to a meaning)

Front 57

Proxemics?
1) Inimate space
2) Personal space
3) Social space
4) Public space

Back 57

1) 0-1.5 ft
2) 1.5-4 ft
3) 4-12 ft
4) 12-beyond ft

Front 58

How does nonverbal function with substitute?

Back 58

nonverbal implace of the verbal message (emblems)

Front 59

How does nonverbal function with accent?

Back 59

Highlight 1 word in a sentence

Front 60

How does nonverbal function with repeat?

Back 60

say a verbal message first then follow up with a nonverbal message

Front 61

How does nonverbal function with regulate?

Back 61

Nonverbal to control interaction patterns in a conversation (use any codes)

Front 62

How does nonverbal function with complement?

Back 62

verbal and nonverbal are done at the same time

Front 63

How does nonverbal function with contradict?

Back 63

when verbal and nonverbal messages contradict-always believe the nonverbal

Front 64

Theory of Nonverbal expectancy violation?

Back 64

This theory suggest that we develop rules or expectations for appropriate nonverbal behavior and react when those expectations are violated

Front 65

What is listening?

Back 65

Complex process of making sense out of what you hear

Front 66

What is hearing?

Back 66

Phsyiological process of decoing sounds

Front 67

Listening Process: Selecting?

Back 67

To focus on one stimulus amoungst many to compete for your attention

Front 68

Listening Process:Attending?

Back 68

Maintain sustained focus to one stimulus

Front 69

Listening Process: Understanding?

Back 69

Assigning meaning to that message

Front 70

Listening Process: Remembering?

Back 70

Recalling information

Front 71

Listening Process: Responding?

Back 71

Respond to confirm our understanding of message

Front 72

What are self barries for listening?

Back 72

All the things that we do that causes us to get in our own way
1) Self focus: interal dialogue that you have at any moment
2) Emotional noise: once emotions arouse you cant listen
3) Criticism: Focus on the characteristics of speaker to a point of a distraction

Front 73

What are information prococessing barries for listening?

Back 73

Focus on the conent of the message
1) Processig rate: you can process info faster than people can speak
2) Information overload
3) Perceiver aphresion: fear of misunderstanding or mis interpreting the message at hand

Front 74

Context Barriers

Back 74

Freatures of context become barrier within the situation
1) Time and Place
2) External noise: not just things you hear but all the other 5 senses as well

Front 75

How Should I listen: Stop?

Back 75

Turn off competeing messages and decenter
Decenter means stepping away from your own thoughts and allowing youself to be open to others

Front 76

How Should I listen: Look?

Back 76

Observe nonverbal cues
Listen between the lines
Are the verbal and nonverbal contradicting
Maintain eye contect, direct body orientation, and forward lean

Front 77

How Should I listen: Listen?

Back 77

Mentally summarize details of the message
Work to overcome listening barriers
Engage in active listening

Front 78

How should I respond: Passive versus Active Listeners?

Back 78

Ask Appropriate Question
Paraphrase the content
Paraphrase the Emotions
Remain Nonverbally Responsive

Front 79

Intercultural
communication

Back 79

occurs when
individuals or
groups from
different cultures
(or co-culture)
communicate.

Front 80

How Does Culture Influence
Communication?

Back 80

Our culture and life
experiences determine
our “world view”–the
lens through which
people in a given
culture perceive the
world around them.

Front 81

High-Context Cultures?

Back 81

– Rely more explicitly on nonverbal messages
– Communicators rely on the context to interpret
messages

Front 82

Low-Context Cultures?

Back 82

– Rely more explicitly on verbal messages (language)
– Communicators use fewer contextual cues to
interpret information

Front 83

Decentralized Power Cultural Value?

Back 83

– Leadership is not vested in one person;
power is distributed among the people
– Decisions are likely to be made by
consensus

Front 84

Centralized Power Cultural Value?

Back 84

– Militaristic approach to power
– Prefer strongly organized, centrally
controlled form of government

Front 85

Individualistic Cultural Value?

Back 85

– Individual recognition
– Self-realization
– Tend to be loosely knit socially

Front 86

Collectivistic Cultural Value?

Back 86

– Group achievement is rewarded
– Strive to accomplish goals for the benefit of the
group

Front 87

Masculine Cultural Value?

Back 87

– A culture that values achievement,
assertiveness, heroism, and traditional male
and female roles.

Front 88

Feminine Cultural Value?

Back 88

– Emphasize building relationships and seeking
peace and harmony with others.

Front 89

How Does Gender Influence
Communication?

Back 89

Sex-Based
Expectations
– Start at birth
– Gender roles are
transmitted via
communication

Front 90

Men tend to communicate from an?

Back 90

instrumental orientation; “me against
the world” view of self and reality.

Front 91

Women tend to communicate from an?

Back 91

expressive orientation; connecting with
others and constructing relationships
and community.

Front 92

Women tend to:
1) Communicate to connect with_____
2) Focus more on the _____ of relationships
than on information exchange
3) Pay attention to _____ elements of
messages
4) Attend to _____ messages, how
something is said rather than what

Back 92

1) others
2) quality
3) relational
4) nonverbal

Front 93

Men tend to:
1) Communicate to create or establish _____
2) Focus more on information exchange than on
_____ of relationships
3) Pay attention to _____ elements of messages
4) Attend to messages, what is said rather than how

Back 93

1) status
2) quality
3) content
4) verbal