Common Names Of Parasitic Diseases

Front 1

African eye worm

Back 1

migration of adult Loa loa through the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye

Front 2

ague

Back 2

malarial fever

Front 3

bilharzia
bilharziasis

Back 3

schistosomiasis

named after Theodor H. Bilharz who first identified the trematode as the cause of snail fever

Front 4

black fly fever

Back 4

combination of symptoms resulting from sensitization to bites by black flies (order Simuliidae), possibly due to a reaction to black fly saliva
symptoms include headache, nausea, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and aching joints

Front 5

blackhead
(non-human)

Back 5

disease of turkeys caused by Histomonas meleagridis, a flagellate protozoa

Front 6

blackwater fever

Back 6

complication of malaria in which erythrocytes hemolyze, releasing hemoglobin into the bloodstream
death may occur due to kidney failure
hemoglobin in the urine causes it to be dark red or black, which is the source of the name

Front 7

blue tongue
(non-human)

Back 7

viral disease of ruminants transmitted by biting midges (family Ceratopogonidae)

Front 8

bicho-de-pé (foot bug)
jigger

Back 8

Tunga penetrans or the chigoe flea
1mm long, the smallest flea known

Not the same thing as a chigger

Front 9

breakbone fever
dengue fever
(viral)

Back 9

viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, the same mosquitoes that are vectors for yellow fever and Chikungunya

Front 10

Calabar swellings
fugitive swellings

Back 10

red, itchy but non-tender swellings in the limbs and near joints caused by angioedema due to Loa loa filariasis
(Calabar is a city in southeastern Nigeria)

Front 11

Carrión's disease
(bacterial)

Back 11

bartonellosis (a bacterial disease) carried by sand flies, also known as Oroya fever (acute form) and verruga peruana (chronic form)

named for Daniel Alcides Carrión, a medical student who self-inoculated with material from a chronic bartonellosis patient and who died a few weeks later of the acute disease, thus establishing a link between the acute and chronic forms

Front 12

Chagas disease

Back 12

disease of humans and other mammals caused by Trypanosoma cruzi

Front 13

chiclero ulcer

bay sore

Back 13

form of cutaneous leishmaniasis in which the pinna of the ear is ulcerated

usually due to L. mexicana, transmitted by sand flies

found among agricultural workers harvesting chicle trees in

Lesion of the pinna of the ear due to cutaneous leishmaniasis, usually Leishmania mexicana; seen in workers harvesting chicle plants in Mexico and Central America

Front 14

chorioptic mange
(non-human)

Back 14

dermatitis of horses, goats, alpacas, cattle, etc.

Front 15

dourine
(non-human)

Back 15

disease of horses caused by Trypanosoma equiperdum

Front 16

dropsy

Back 16

ascites

Front 17

elephantiasis

Back 17

lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti (mosquito vector)

Front 18

espundia
chiclero ulcer
uta
pian bois

Back 18

ulcerative disease caused by Leishmania braziliensis when cutaneous legions migrate or metastasize to mucous membranes
also called Leishmaniasis americana

Front 19

gid
(non-human)

Back 19

disorientation with staggering caused by cysticerci of tapeworms in a sheep's brain

Front 20

ground itch
dew itch
water sore
mazamorra

Back 20

skin rash caused by bacteria introduced by invasive hookworm or threadworm larvae

Front 21

halzoun syndrome
marrara syndrome

Back 21

nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or nasopharyngeal pentastomiasis
edematous congestion of the fauces, tonsils, larynx, nasal passages and conjunctiva due to nymphs of Linguatula serrata
may lead to abscesses or death due to asphyxiation
note: organisms in subclass Pentastomida are called tongue worms because of a (superficial) resemblance to a vertebrate tongue, but they are respiratory parasites and classified in phylum Arthropoda (subphylum Crustacea)

Front 22

ich (ick)
white spot disease
(non-human)

Back 22

common disease of freshwater fish caused by the protozoa Ichthyophthirius multifiliis
a similar disease of saltwater fish called marine ich is caused by Cryptocaryon irritans

Front 23

kala-azar
dum-dum fever

Back 23

visceral leishmaniasis
kala-azar is Hindi for “black sickness”

Front 24

Katayama fever

Back 24

acute schistosomiasis, especially S. japonicum

Front 25

mal de caderas
(non-human)

Back 25

South American disease of horses similar to surra and caused by Trypanosoma equinum

Front 26

mange
(term not used for the human disease)

Back 26

contagious skin disease of non-human mammals caused by parasitic mites
sarcoptic mange is caused by Sarcoptes spp, which burrow into the skin
it is called scabies in humans
demodectic mange (red mange) is caused by Demodex spp, which live in hair follicles
it is called demodicosis in humans

Front 27

mild tertian malaria

Back 27

malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax
tertian refers to the approxiately two-day intervals of the fevers

Front 28

Mud fever
(non-human)

Back 28

dermatitis in the lower limbs of horses caused by bacteria, fungi, chorioptic mange mites, photosensitization, and contact irritation.

Front 29

nagana
(non-human)

Back 29

disease of native antelopes and other African ruminants caused by Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Front 30

oriental sore
Jericho boil
Aleppo boil
Delhi boil

Back 30

cutaneous leishmaniasis due to L. tropica or L. major

Front 31

Oroya fever
(bacterial)

Back 31

acute bartonellosis or Carrión's disease

Front 32

Papatasi fever
(viral)

Back 32

viral disease transmitted by sandflies
also called sand fly fever

Front 33

pinkeye
(bacterial)

Back 33

bacterial conjunctivitis
sometimes transmitted by Hippolates flies

Front 34

plague
Black Death
(bacterial)

Back 34

zoonotic disease caused by infection with Yersinia pestis, primarily spread to humans by fleas from rodents
in the second plague pandemic from 1347 to 1351, it is estimated that ½ the population of China and 1/3 the population of Europe died, plus others in Africa and other areas
enzootic in the western United States but not considered to be a health risk requiring routine immunization

Front 35

quartan fever

Back 35

malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae
The name quartan fever is a reference to the fevers which occur at approximately three day intervals rather than two day intervals (tertian fevers)

Front 36

quotidian malaria

Back 36

malaria caused by overlapping infections of different Plasmodium spp. and characterized by recurrent fevers approximately every 24 hours

Front 37

red-water fever
(non-human)

Back 37

protozoan disease in cattle caused by Babesia bigemina and characterized by hemoglobinuria

Front 38

river blindness

Back 38

onchocerciasis

Front 39

Romaña's sign

Back 39

edema of the orbit and swelling of the preauricular lymph node characteristic of recent infection of Trypanosoma cruzi

Front 40

scabies
seven-year-itch

Back 40

contagious skin disease caused by parasitic Sarcoptes spp. mites
the term scabies is used for all affected mammals, while in humans the condition is colloquially known as the seven year itch and sarcoptic mange is used for non-humans

Front 41

scrub typhus
bush typhus
(bacterial)

Back 41

rickettsial disease transmitted by chigger mites including Leptotrombidium deliense
grouped with spotted fevers rather than other forms of typhus

Front 42

sleeping sickness

Back 42

African trypanosomiasis and mosquito-borne, virus-induced encephalitis

Front 43

snail fever

Back 43

schistosomiasis

Front 44

sowda

Back 44

severe pruritic dermatitis with darkening of the skin, caused by Onchocerca volvulus
it is often confined to one limb

Front 45

surra
murrina
(non-human)

Back 45

disease of large mammals caused by Trypanosoma evansi

Front 46

swimmer's itch

Back 46

dermatitis caused by schistosome cercaria

Front 47

typhus
(bacterial)

Back 47

rickettsial disease transmitted by fleas or lice

Front 48

vagabond's disease

Back 48

darkened, thickened skin caused by chronic infestation with body lice (Pediculus humanus humanus)

Front 49

verruga peruana
(bacterial)

Back 49

chronic bartonellosis or Carrión's disease

Front 50

whirling disease
(non-human)

Back 50

disease of salmon, trout and related fish caused by the protozoan Myxobolus cerebralis
causes skeletal deformations and neurological damage in fingerlings and fry

Front 51

Winterbottom's sign

Back 51

swollen lymph nodes at the base of the skull seen in African trypanasomiasis (sleeping sickness)

Front 52

yaws
(bacterial)

Back 52

bacterial disease caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum pertenue, usually caused by skin-to-skin contact but can also be transmitted by flies
other diseases cause by Treponema pallidum sub-spp. (bejel, pinta, syphilis) are not transmitted by parasitic vectors

Front 53

yellow fever
yellow jack
(viral)

Back 53

hemorrhagic viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, the same mosquitoes that are vectors for dengue fever and Chikungunya