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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hasty generalization
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drawing conclusions from insufficient evidence
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faulty use of authority
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failing to acknowledge disagreement among experts or otherwise misrepresenting the trustworthyness of sources
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Post hoc or doubtful cause
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mistakenly inferring that because one event follows another they have a casual relation
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false analogy
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assuming, without sufficient proof that if objects or processes are similar in some ways, then they are similar in other ways as well
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ad hominem
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'against the man'; attacking the arguer rather than the argument or issue
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false dillema
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simplifying a complex problem into an either/or dichtotomy
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slippery slope
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predicting w/o justification that one step in a process will lead unaviodably to a second, generally undesirable step
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begging the question
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making a statement that assumes that the issue being argued has already been decided
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straw man
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disputing a view similar to, but not the same as that of the arguer's opinion
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two wrongs make a right
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diverting attention from the issue by introducing a new point, eg. by responding to an accusation w/ a counter accusation that makes no attempt to refute the first accusation
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non sequitur
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'it does not follow'; using irrelevant proof to buttress a claim
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ad populum
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'to the people'; playing on the prejudices of the audience
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appeal to tradition
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a proposal that something should continue because it has traditionally existed or been done that way
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faulty emotional appeals
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basing an argument on feelings, especially pity or fear - often to draw attention away from the real issues or conceal another purpose
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