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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hannah
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titty
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Schramm's model
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comm only happens if fields of experience overlap (both ppl have similar experience)
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semantic noise
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when you don't understand meaning of the msg
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psychological noise
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whats going on in your head that distracts you
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analogic codes
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direct representation of what they represent (ex: pictures) you don't need to know language to understand
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digital codes
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gives many details about things not there (ex: paragraph)
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proxemics
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use of space, ex: prisons, schools, rodney dorms vs. new dorms, intimate (0-18"), personal (18"-4'), social (4-12'), public (12-25')
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vocalics
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tone, volume, pitch, accents
*non-fluencies/vocal segregates: um, well (nervous) *rate of speech: slower=less credible, faster=social situations |
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kinesics
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body language
*emblems: only non-verbal cue with direct verbal meaning (put finger up for shhh) *illustrators: pointing finger & saying LOOOK! *regulators: tell you when to talk/stop *affect displays: dad crosses arms when angry *adaptors: show nervous, self-adaptors: biting nails, object-adaptors: play w/ pen |
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physical appearance
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anything you do w/ your body
*artifacts: things we use to decorate selves |
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gaze
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eye contact
*expressive function: convey emotion *regulative function: look away when not interested |
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denotive meaning
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public, conventional meaning
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connotive meaning
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private, emotional meaning
*what it means to you |
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syntactics
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how words are combined and ordered in grammatical sequences
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syntactic meaning
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meaning based on word order
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pragmatics
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language as it is used in actual interaction
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speech acts
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promising, questioning, threatening, praising, declaring, warning, requesting
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constitutive rules
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tells us how to recongnize speech acts
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regulative rules
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identify if speech acts are appropriate or inappropriate in a given context
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Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
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2 parts:
*linguistic determinism: says that language determines the way we interpret the world *linguistic relativity: if language determines thought, then speakers of diff languages will experience the world diff |
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elaborated code
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middle-class speakers, more grammatically complex
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restricted code
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working-class
commonly shared language |
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female register
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qualifiers (kind of, maybe)
tag endings (right? ok?) disclaimers (i may be wrong, but...) |
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critical theorists
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whenever we choose words, we also choose a point of view
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spontaneous communication
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nonvoluntary display of inner emotions that other ppl pick up on
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territoriality
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assumed ownership of space
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facial blend
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when emotion on face starts to fade
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vocal qualities
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loudness, pitch, tempo, intensity, etc.
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vocal characterizers
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laughing, crying, yelling, moaning, whining
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horizontal
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everyone in group treated the same
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vertical
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status, hierarchy
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platonic relationship
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opposite of romantic
not sexual |
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behavioral control
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the need ppl have to control their lives
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metacommunicating
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talking about communicating
"did you understand what I was telling you before?" |
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gestalt
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instead of focusing on one behavior, ppl take the whole package of nonverbal behaviors to determine meaning
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powerless speech
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when ppl use tag endings
used more by women |
