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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hall
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Cultural Studies
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McCombs and Shaw
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Agenda-Setting Theory
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Cultivation Theory
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Gerbner
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Tannen
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Genderlect Styles
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Kramarae
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Muted Group Theory
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Democratic Pluralism
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Society held together by common norms; set of democratic values. Says that media messages have little effect and so infers that democracy is working.
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Frankfurt School Theorists
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Early cultural critic. Believe media owners have huge influence over ideology and political power, are able to maintain status quo, restrains free expression
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Hedgemony
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Cultural role of media, sway of haves over have-nots
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Roland Barthes
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Early cultural critic. Believes: Deconstructing concrete images into their shifting meaning. Semiotics preserve and reinforce social power
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Michael Foutcault
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Early cultural critic. Says others miss relationship between social power and communication. Need for frameworks of interpretation.
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Discourse
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Functions to make meaning, with Cultural studies important to see who is creating discourse
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Discursive Formation
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People of power draw lines of distinction in making meaning
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Hegemonic Encoding
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Messages encoded by the mass media and then subsequently decoded, internalized, and acted out by the the people
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Commodify
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What mass media attempts to do with their information
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Ideological Discourses of Constraint
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Mass media limits range of alternatives and then makes it looks like there are no other options
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What are the three options for Decoding?
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Operating Inside the dominant code
Applying a Negotiable Code Substituting a Oppositional Code |
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Cultivation Differential
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Difference in percent of percent of light and heavy tv watchers giving a 'television answer'
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What are the four attitudes Gerbner's survey targets?
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Chances of involvement with violence
Perceived Activity of Police Fear of Walking Alone at Night General Mistrust of People |
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Mainstreaming
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Process that shapes viewer that would otherwise be leaning liberal or republican to have a common outlook
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New populism
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Sort of population that mainstreaming creates, with diminished traditional differences, conservative social values, and self-labeled moderate political views, though not actually middle-of the road or middle class as they think they are.
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Meta-analysis
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Technique of statistically blending the independent studies that explore the same connection
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Agenda-setting
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Reaffirms both power of press and individual ability to choose
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Who are the groups proposed to be the ultimate agenda-setters?
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News Editors
Political Candidates Public Relations Professionals |
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What type of people are most susceptible to media agenda?
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People with a high need for orientation/index of curiosity
People with high relevance and uncertainty |
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What are the most powerful frames for crime?
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The probability that it can happen to anyone
Where the crime took place |
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Media Malady Effect
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Negative economic headlines have significant impact on consumer sentiment
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Framing
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The selection of a restricted number of thematically related attributions for inclusion on the media agenda when a particular object is discussed
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Media frame
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Centralized idea for news content that supplies content and suggests what the issue is
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What are the methods media framing uses?
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Selection
Emphasis Exclusion Elaboration |
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What are the two levels of agenda setting?
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Transfer of importance of an attitude object in mass media pictures to a prominent place in our minds.
Transfer of importance of dominant set of attributes that media associates with attitude object to specific features of image in our mind |
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What are the functions of the long explanations men often use when seeking to establish a one-up position?
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command attention
convey information insist on agreement |
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Cooperative Overlap
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Adding words of agreement or ending sentences for the other person
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What are the five types of talk?
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Public Speaking vs Private Speaking
Telling a story Listening Asking Questions Conflict |
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What are the metaphors for continual muting of women on the internet?
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Information Superhighway
The New Frontier A Global Community Democracy |
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Female "sub-version"
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Possibility for women to use back-channel routes to discuss their experiences.
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