Comm

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Digitization

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Process of converting information into a digital format. In this format information is organized discretelyuntil of data that can be separately addressed

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Digital divide

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The (increasing) difference in the development and use of information and communication technology between rich and poor countries and between the haves and have nots with a specific society

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Piracy

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Theft of intellectual property- often of works by persons in one country by persons based in another country that does not recognize the lows of the first country

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socio-technical ensemble

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Term coined by Wiebe Bijker to describe a technical apparatus to reflect the fact that built into all commonly used technology are both social dynamics and technical feasibility (and history)

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ICT

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(Information and communication technology): is an umbrella term that includes any communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems

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The “Long Tail”

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concept introduced by Chris Anderson whereby the distribution/display costs are much more forgiving in the online world. because of low cost for display and distribution and because item costs are low and easily accessible, consumer choose widely rather than focusing their choices solely on hits

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Network society

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Taken from the work of Manuel Castells, a description of contemporary society as bound together less by physical location than by globalized social, communication and economic networks

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Disintermediation

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The elimination of those involved in between the creator and the final consumer, this is, the elimination of intermediaries such companies, film distributers

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Interactivity

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as a descriptor of media the inclusion of user created content as part of what is presented to the audience. It may be claimed that devices such as letters to the editor are an interactive elect of newspapers and magazines, they are placed in separate sections from the content produced by the publication. interactivity is strongest when the boundary b/t content producers and the audience is least to a theatrical analogy in strongly interactive media the boundary b/t the stage and audience vanishes

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Canadian Content

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A legal definition of material that either has been developed by Canadian and/or contains Canadian information; in broadcasting, filmmaking and publishing, Canadian content is defined by reference to a specific set of production criteria, rather than content per se, designed to encourager the production of Canadian cultural material by Canadians.

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Free Flow of Information

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The doctrine that advocates the rights of producers to sell information to anyone anywhere and conversely, the right of any individual to choose to receive any information from any source

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Globalization

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is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology.

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Fordism

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The concentration of production on a single site modelled after Henry Ford’sautomobile assembly lines, whereby raw materials are turned into standardized finishedproducts as part of a single, multi-faced mass production process

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Berne Convention

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The basic of international copyright law, which requires, among other things that foreign authors be treated in the same ways as domestic authors and that there be a minim number of years of protection for a copyrighted work

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Common Carriage

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Telecommunications services provided to all members of the public and equitable rates: a common carrier is in the business of providing carriages services rather then content

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Cultural Sovereignty

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The capacity of a state or group to govern cultural activity- ie. form policy, establish laws and conventions- independent of interference from other governments or groups

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Spectrum Allocation

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The process by which government assign radio and TV frequencies to over - the- air broadcasting stations (Amber alert)

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Crown Corporations

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Businesses owned by federal or provincial government but operating at arm’s length from government as individual corporation

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Cultural Imperialism

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The ways in which one culture imposes idea’s and values on another, with the effect if undermining the cultural values of the recipients: media and cultural products as a primary vehicle for such imposition

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Privatization

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The transfer of publicly owner enterprises into the hands of private individuals or corporations

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Right to Communicate

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The expansion of the notions of freedom of expression freedom of speech and freedom of the press including the right to be informed the right to inform, the right to privacy and the right to participate in public communication

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Guerrilla Marketing

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is an advertising strategy that focuses on low cost unconventional marketing tactics that yield maximum result. This alternative advertising style relies heavily on nontraditional strategies, high energy and imagination by taking the consumer by surprise

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Consumer Society

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a society in which the buying and selling of goods and services is the most important social and economic activity

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Marginal utility

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is the additional satisfaction a consumer gains from consuming one more until of a good or service. It is an important economic concept because economists use it to determine how much of an item a consumer will buy