Dan Travan

Front 1

Communication Competence

Back 1

The ability to take part in effective communication that is characterized by skills and understandings that enable communicators to exchange messages successfully.

Front 2

Communication

Back 2

The simultaneous sharing and creating of meaning through human symbolic interaction

Front 3

Social Media

Back 3

Highly accessible technologies that facilitate communication, interaction, and connection with others

Front 4

Social Network

Back 4

A group of individuals who are connected by friendship, family, common interests, beliefs, or knowledge.

Front 5

Ethics

Back 5

An individual's system of moral principles

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Plagiarism

Back 6

The use of another person's information, language, or ideas without citing the originator and making it appear that the user is the originator

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Global Village

Back 7

The distinctions that make each culture unique as well as the interconnectedness shared by all

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Process

Back 8

Series of actions that has no beginning or end and is constantly changing.

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System

Back 9

Combination of parts interdependently acting to form a whole

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Transaction

Back 10

Exchange of communication in which the communicators act simultaneously; that is encoding and decoding occur at the same time

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Intentional Communication

Back 11

A message that is purposely sent to a specific receiver

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Unintentional Communication

Back 12

A message that is not intended to be sent or is not intended for the person who receives it

Front 13

Essential Components of Communication

Back 13

Source or sender

Message

Interference

Receiver

Feedback

environment

context

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Source/Sender

Back 14

The creator of the message

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Determining the Meaning

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The meaning behind the message determines how you'll create the message

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Encoding

Back 16

Process by which the source translates thoughts or feelings into words, sounds, and physical expressions, which together make up the actual message that is being sent

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Message

Back 17

The communication produced by the source

Front 18

Interference/ Barriers

Back 18

Anything that changes the meaning of an intended message or gets in the way of a transaction

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Channel

Back 19

The means by which messages flow between sources and receivers

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Receiver

Back 20

The individual who analyzes and interprets the message

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Decoding

Back 21

The process of translating a message into thoughts or feelings that were communicated

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Feedback

Back 22

The response to a message that a receiver sends to a source

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Enviornment

Back 23

The psychological and physical surroundings in which communication occurs

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Context

Back 24

Circumstances or situation in which communication occurs

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Intrapersonal Communication

Back 25

The process of understanding information within oneself

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Interpersonal Communication

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The creating and sharing of meaning between people who are in a relationship

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Dyadic communication

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An exchange of information between two people

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Interview

Back 28

A carefully planned and executed question and answer session designed to exchange desired information between two parties

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Small Group Communication

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An exchange of information among a relatively small number of people, ideally five to seven, who share a common purpose, such as completing a task, solving a problem, making a decision, or sharing information. I called this group communication or organizational communication in lecture.

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Public Communication

Back 30

Transmission of a message from one person who speaks to a number of individuals who listen. In other words, public speaking

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Mass Communication

Back 31

Occurs when Professionals communicate with or to a large number of people via radio, televison, newspapers, magazines, books, or movies

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Communication via social media

Back 32

Any communication transmitted through digital devices or platforms

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Interactivity

Back 33

Refers to the ability of a communication tool to facilitate social interactions between groups or indivduals

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Temporal Structure

Back 34

The time it takes to send and receive messages

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Synchronous

Back 35

Channels of communication that allows participants to simultaneously serve as a sender and receiver

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Asynchronous

Back 36

Channels of communication that allows the sender and receiver to take turns as in texting or email

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Social Cues

Back 37

The verbal and nonverbal features of a message that offer more information about the context, the meaning, and the identities of the involved parties

Front 38

Replicability

Back 38

When communication occurs in an environment that makes it easy to record and redistribute past messages

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Go Viral

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A phrase used to describe a message that reaches enormous audiences by infecting viewers and users with the message

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Five Myths About Communication

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1. Communication is a cure all

2.Quantity means quality

3.Meaning is in the words we use

4. We all have the natural ability to communicate

5. Communication is reversible

Front 41

Public Speaking

Back 41

The art of effective oral communication with an audience

Front 42

Techniques for finding a topic

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1. Self inventory

2. Brainstorming

3. Reviewing the current media

4. Engaging the listeners with social media

5. Surfing the web

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Self inventory

Back 43

A list of subjects you know about and find interesting.

Front 44

Brainstorming

Back 44

A technique used to generate as many ideas as possible within a limited amount of time: writing down key phrases and words

Front 45

Reviewing the current media

Back 45

A technique for developing a list of possible topics by looking at current publications, television, movies, and other forms of public communication

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The General Purpose/ Objective

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The overall goal of a speech, usually one of four overlapping functions: to inform, to persuade, to entertain, or to inspire

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Informative Speech

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A speech that enhances an audience's knowledge and understanding by explaining what something means, how something works, or how something is done

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Persuasive Speech

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A speech that attempts to change listener's attitudes or behaviors by advocating or trying to gain acceptance of the speaker's point of view

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Entertainment Speech

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A speech that provides enjoyment and amusement

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The Specific Purpose

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A single phrase that defines precisely what is to be accomplished in a speech

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Thesis

Back 51

A sentence that states specifically what is going to be discussed in a speech

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Audience Analysis

Back 52

The collection and interpretation of data about characteristics, attitudes, values, and beliefs of an audience

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Audience

Back 53

The collection of individuals who have come together to watch or listen to someone or something

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captive Participant

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A person who is required to hear a particular speech

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voluntary participant

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A person who chooses to listen to a particular speech

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Demographic Analysis

Back 56

Understanding the demographics that make up the audience:

1. Age

2. gender

3. Cultural or ethnic background

4. Religion

5. Geographical origins

6. Group Memberships

7. Marital status, Economic Factors

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Psychological Analysis

Back 57

The collection and interpretation of data about audience members values, attitudes and beliefs

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Factors of Psychological Analysis

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1. Size of audience

2. The physical setting

3. Knowledge level

4. Attitudes and values related to topic

5. Attitudes related to the situation

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Ways to learn about audience

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1. Observation

2. Survey interviews

3. Questionnaire

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Develop a Research Plan

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1. Start early and gather more information than you think you need

2. Determine the best places to search for information

3. Prepare a preliminary list of references

4. Be selective about materials

5. Know the instructor's requirements

6. Take good notes

Front 61

Guidelines for using Internet

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1. Who wrote the material

2. Who publishes or sponsors the site

3. How current is the site

4. Why is the information on the web

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Expert opinion

Back 62

Ideas, testimony, conclusions, or judgements of witnesses or recognized authorities

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Testimony

Back 63

Opinions or conclusion of witnesses

Front 64

Examples

Back 64

A simple, representative incident or model that clarifies a point

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Brief example

Back 65

A specific instance that is used to introduce a topic, drive home a point, or create a desired response

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Illustration

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An extended example, narrative, case history, or anecdote that is striking and memorable

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Factual Illustration

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A report of something that exists or actually happened

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Hypothetical Illustration

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A report of something that could happen, given a specific set of circumstances

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Analogy

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A comparison of two things that are similar in certain essential characterisitcs

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Figurative Analogy

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A comparison of things in different categories

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Literal Analogy

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A comparison of members of the same category

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Logical Definiton

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A definition consisting of a term's dictionary definition and the characteristics that distinguish the term from other items of the same category

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Operational Definiton

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A definition that explains how an object or concept works or lists the steps that make up the process

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Definition by Example

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Clarifying a term, not by describing it or giving its meaning but by mentioning or showing an example of it

Front 75

Statistics

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Numerical data that show relationships or summarize or interpret many instances

Front 76

Guidelines for using Statistics

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1. Make sure they are reliable and neutral

2. Take the time to explain

3. Use sparingly

4. Round off large numbers when possible

Front 77

Organizing

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Arranging ideas and elements into a systematic and meaningful whole

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Body

Back 78

The main content of a speech that develops the speaker's general and specific purposes

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Main Points

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The principal subdivisions of the speech. The answers to the questions the audience may have about the thesis

Front 80

Guidelines for Main Points

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1. Be specific

2. Use vivid language

3. Show relevance

4. Create parallel structure

5. Limit the number of main points

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Time Sequence Pattern

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An order that begins at a particular point in time and continues either forward or backward.

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Spatial Pattern

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An order in which the content of the speech is organized according to relationships in space

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Topical Pattern

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An order in which the main topic is divided into a series of related subtopics

Front 84

Mind Mapping

Back 84

A visual organizational strategy that uses words or symbols to identify the concepts and their connections to each other. A strategy in which you visually map out how the various ideas connect

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Narrative/ Storytelling

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An organizational strategy using a reporting of ideas and situations as in a story but not necessarily using the traditional components of a story. In other words, an account that brings more realism, enthusiasm, or even passion to a topic.

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Transition

Back 86

A phrase or word used to connect ideas

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Signpost

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A word, phrase or short statement that indicates to the audience the direction that a speaker will take next

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Internal Preview

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Short statements that give advance, warning, or a preview of points to be covered

Front 89

Internal Summary

Back 89

A short review statement given at the end of a main point

Front 90

Introduction

Back 90

Opening statements that orient the audience to the subject and motivate them to listen.

Front 91

Typical Methods of Introduction

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1. Refer to the subject or occasion

2. Use personal narratives

3. Ask a rhetorical question

4. Present a starting statement

5. Use humor

6. Open with a quotation

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Credibility

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A speaker's believability, based on the audience's evaluation of the speaker's competence, experience, character, and charisma

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Conclusion

Back 93

Closing statements that focus the audience's attention on the specific purpose and bring the most important points together in a concise and uniform way.

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Outlining

Back 94

Arranging ideas in a logical sequence and writing out that sequence in a standardized form

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Subordination

Back 95

Clearly identifies the hierarchy of ideas: the most important points are the main points and are supported by the subpoints

Front 96

Coordination

Back 96

The ideas with the same level of importance use the same kind of numbers and letters to visually indicate the levels of importance

Front 97

Parallelism

Back 97

Style by which all ideas use similar grammatical forms and wording

Front 98

Preliminary outline

Back 98

The planning stage outline

Front 99

Full Sentence Outline

Back 99

An outline that is written in full sentence statements rather than bulleted points. It is helpful as a planning tool because you will better remember ideas that you had to carefully structure.

Front 100

Presentational Outline

Back 100

The one you take with you to a speech. IT is concise and marked with cues to better help you remember your structure.

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Speech Anxiety

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Fear of speaking before an audience

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Communication apprehension

Back 102

The most severe form of speech anxiety an anxiety syndrome associate with either real or anticipated communication with someone

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Systematic Desensitization

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A relaxation technique designed to reduce the tenseness associated with anxiety

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Impromptu delivery

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A speaker delivers a speech with little or no planning or preparation

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Manuscript Delivery

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The speaker writes the entire speech and then reads it word for word

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Extemporaneous Delivery

Back 106

The speaker carefully plans the speech in advance but delivers it only using a few notes with a high degree of spontaneity

Front 107

Vocal Quality

Back 107

The overall impression a speaker's voice makes on a audience

Front 108

Intelligibility

Back 108

Speaker's volume, distinctiveness, clarity, articulation, and stress on individual sounds

Front 109

Vocal variety

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Variations in rate, force, and pitch

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Rate

Back 110

Speed at which a speaker speaks, normally between 120-175 words per minute

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Pause

Back 111

A brief stop in speaking to gain attention, add emphasis, separate or otherwise punctuate ideas

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Force

Back 112

The intensity and volume level of the voice

Front 113

Pitch

Back 113

How low or how high the voice goes on the tonal scale

Front 114

Gesture

Back 114

A movement of the head, arms or hands, that helps to illustrate, emphasize, or clarify an idea

Front 115

Physical Aspects of Public Speaking

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1. Personal Appearance

2. Body movement

3. Gestures

4. Facial Expressions

5. Eye Contact

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Eye Contact

Back 116

The extent to which the speaker looks at the audience members

Front 117

Guidelines for Presentational Aids

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1. Serve a Need

2. Are planned and adapted to the audience and situation

3. Do not dominate the speaker

4. Look Professional

5. Are Practical

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Presentational Aids

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1. Make a speech understandable and memorable

2. Enhance speaker credibility

3. Create audience attention and interest

4. Provide Support

5. Help with Delivery

Front 119

Types of Speaking Aids

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1. Computer generated images

2. Video clips

3. Real objects

4. Models

5. Photographs, drawings and diagrams

6. Graphs

Front 120

Powerpoint Presentations

Back 120

1. Use good color choice

2. Make type and font readable

3. Display your slide show only when referring to it

4. Graphics and pictures help hold interest

5. Maintain poise when something goes wrong