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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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leadership
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the ability to influence others
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achieved leader
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a person who exhibits leadership without being appointed
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designated leader
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a person given the authority to exert influence within a group
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autocratic, or authoritarian, leaders
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directive leaders
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type Y leader
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a leader who displays trust in group members and is concerned with their sense of personal achievement
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type X leader
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a leader who does not trust group members to work and is unconcerned with the personal achievement of group members
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laissez-faire leader
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a nondirective leader
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democratic leaders
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leaders who represent a reasonable compromise between authoritarian and laissez-faire leaders
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trait theory
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the theory of leadership asserting that certain people are born to lead
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situational theory
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the theory of leadership asserting that leadership depends on the situation
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type X leader
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a leader who does not trust group members to work and is unconcerned with the personal achievement of group members
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laissez-faire leader
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a nondirective leader
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democratic leaders
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leaders who represent a reasonable compromise between authoritarian and laissez-faire leaders
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trait theory
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the theory of leadership asserting that certain people are born to lead
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situational theory
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the theory of leadership asserting that leadership depends on the situation
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functional theory
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the leadership theory suggesting that several members of a group should be ready to lead because various actions are needed to achieve group goals
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transformational leader
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a leader who gives a group a new vision, strengthening its culture or structure
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conflict
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perceived disagreements about views, interests, and goals
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groupthink
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an extreme means of avoiding conflict that occurs when groups let the desire for consensus override careful analysis and reasoned decision making
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cooperative set
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a readiness to share rewards to resolve conflicts
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competitive set
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a readiness to perceive a conflict in all-or-nothing terms
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role reversal
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a strategy in which persons in conflict act as each other in order to understand each other’s position
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conflict grid
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a model portraying the styles individuals use to resolve conflicts
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avoider
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a person who, when faced with a conflict, uses the unproductive strategy of mentally or physically fleeing the situation
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compromiser
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a person who, when faced with a conflict, tries to find a middle ground
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accommodator
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a person who, when faced with a conflict, overvalues the maintenance of relationships and undervalues the achievement of his or her own goals
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problem-solving collaborator
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a person who, when faced with a conflict, adopts a win-win orientation, seeking to satisfy his or her own goals as well as those of others
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competitive forcer
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a person who, when faced with a conflict, adopts a win-lose orientation in which the attaining of personal goals is paramount
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MYGLO
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an acronym for “my eyes glaze over”
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public speaking
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the act of preparing, staging, and delivering a presentation to an audience
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pictographs
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graphs that use sketches to represent concepts
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line graphs
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graphs used to illustrate trends, relationships, or comparisons over time
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bar graph
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a graph used to show the performance of one variable over time or to contrast various measures at a point in time
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pie, or circle, graph
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a circle with the various percentages of the whole indicated by wedges; a means of showing percentage relationships
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testimony
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someone else’s opinions or conclusions
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examples
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representative cases
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illustrations
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stories; narrative pictures
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statistics
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facts expressed in numerical form
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definitions
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explanations of what a stimulus is or what a word or concept means
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listserv
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an e-mail list of people who have interest in and knowledge of a particular topic
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Boolean search
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a keyword search
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aconfigural formats
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organizational patterns that are indirect and inexplicit
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linear logic
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the step-by-step development of ideas; the reliance on facts and data to support main points
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internal summaries
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rhetorical devices designed to help listeners remember content
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transitions
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connective words and phrases
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topical order
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an organizational format that clusters material by dividing it into a series of appropriate topics
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problem-and-solution order
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an organizational format that identifies the problems inherent in a situation and presents a solution to remedy them
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cause-and-effect order
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an organizational format that categorizes a topic according to its causes and effects
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spatial order
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an organizational format that describes an object, a person, or a phenomenon as it exists in space
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chronological, or time, order
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an organizational format that develops an idea using a time order
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main ideas
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the main points of a speech; the subtopics of a speech
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subordinate ideas
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ideas that amplify the main ideas or subtopics of a speech
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speech framework
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a skeleton for speech development
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