Comlex 1 Key Associations

Front 1

Actinic (solar) keratosis

Back 1

Squamos cell carcinoma

Front 2

Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury

Back 2

Cushing's ulcer (increased ICP stimulates vagal gastric secretion)

Front 3

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

Back 3

Curling's ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)

Front 4

Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon

Back 4

Skip lesions (Crohn's disease: autoimmune)

Front 5

Aneurysm, dissecting

Back 5

Hypertension

Front 6

Aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta

Back 6

Atherosclerosis

Front 7

Aortic aneurysm, ascending

Back 7

Tertitary syphillis

Front 8

Atrophy of the mamillary bodies

Back 8

Wernicke's encephalopathy (thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, opthalmoplegia, confusion)

Front 9

Autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)

Back 9

Sickle cell anemia (HbS)

Front 10

Basteremia/pneumonia (IV drug user)

Back 10

Staph Aureus

Front 11

Bacteria associated with stomach ulcer

Back 11

H. Pylori

Front 12

Bacterial meningitis (adults and elderly)

Back 12

Strep pneumoniae

Front 13

Bacterial meningitis (newborns and kids)

Back 13

Group B strep (newborns), Strep pneumoniae/Neisseria meningitidis (kids)

Front 14

Benign melanocytic nevus

Back 14

Spitz nevus (most common in first two decades)

Front 15

Bleeding disorder with GpIb deficiency

Back 15

Bernard-Soulier disease (defect in platelet adhesion)

Front 16

Brain tumor (adults)

Back 16

Supratentorial: mets > astrocytoma (including glioblastoma multiforme) > meningioma > schwannoma

Front 17

Brain tumor (kids)

Back 17

Infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: craniopharyngioma (cerebrum)

Front 18

Breast cancer

Back 18

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (in the United States, 1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer)

Front 19

Breast mass

Back 19

1. Fibrocystic change
2. Carcinoma (in postmenopausal women)

Front 20

Breast tumor (benign)

Back 20

Fibroadenoma

Front 21

Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia patient

Back 21

Klebsiella

Front 22

Cardiac primary tumor (kids)

Back 22

Rhabdomyoma

Front 23

Cardiac manifestation of lupus

Back 23

Libman-Sacks endocarditis (nonbacterial, affecting mitral)

Front 24

Cardiac tumor (adults)

Back 24

1. Metastasis
2. Primary myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium; "ball and valve")

Front 25

Cardiomyopathy

Back 25

Dilated cardiomyopathy (40% are familial)

Front 26

Cerebellar tonsilar herniation

Back 26

Arnold-Chiari malformation (often causes hydrocephalus)

Front 27

Chronic arrythmia

Back 27

Atrial fibrillation (associated with high risk of emboli)

Front 28

Chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune)

Back 28

Predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)

Front 29

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

Back 29

DES exposure in utero

Front 30

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Back 30

21-hydroxylase deficiency

Front 31

Congenital cardiac anomaly

Back 31

VSD

Front 32

Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)

Back 32

Dubin-Johnson syndrome (inability of hepatocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile)

Front 33

Constrictive pericarditis in developing world

Back 33

Tuberculosis

Front 34

Coronary artery involved in thrombosis

Back 34

LAD > RCA > LCA

Front 35

Cretinism

Back 35

Iodine deficit/hypOthyroidism

Front 36

Cushing's syndrom

Back 36

1. Corticosteroid therapy
2. Excess ACTH secretion by pituitary

Front 37

Cyanosis (early; less common)

Back 37

Tetrology of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosis

Front 38

Cyanosis (late; more common)

Back 38

VSD, ASD, PDA

Front 39

Death in CML

Back 39

Blast crisis

Front 40

Death in SLE

Back 40

Lupus nephropathy

Front 41

Dementia

Back 41

1. Alzheimer's disease
2. Multiple infarcts

Front 42

Demyelinating disease

Back 42

Multiple sclerosis

Front 43

DIC

Back 43

Gram-negative sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burn trauma

Front 44

Dietary deficit

Back 44

Iron

Front 45

Diverticulum in pharynx

Back 45

Zenker's diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow)

Front 46

Efection click

Back 46

Aortic/Pulmonic stenosis

Front 47

Esophageal cancer

Back 47

Squamos cell carcinoma

Front 48

Food poisoning

Back 48

Staph Aureus

Front 49

Gene involved in cancer

Back 49

p53 tumor suppressor gene

Front 50

Glomerulonephritis (adults)

Back 50

Berger's disease (IgA nephropathy)

Front 51

Gynecologic malignancy

Back 51

Endometrial cancer

Front 52

Heart murmur

Back 52

Mitral valve prolapse

Front 53

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

Back 53

Mitral (rheumatic fever), tricuspid (IV drug abuse), aortic (2nd affected in rheumatic fever)

Front 54

Helminth infection (U.S.)

Back 54

1. Enterobius vermicularis
2. Ascaris lumbricoides

Front 55

Hematoma-epidural

Back 55

Rupture of middle meningeal artery (arterial bleeding is fast)

Front 56

Hematoma-subdural

Back 56

Rupture of bridging veins (trauma; venous bleeding is slow)

Front 57

Hemochromatosis

Back 57

Multiple blood transfusions (can result in CHF and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma)

Front 58

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Back 58

Cirrhotic liver (often associated with hepatitis B and C

Front 59

Hereditary bleeding disorder

Back 59

von Willebrand's disease

Front 60

Hereditary harmless jaundice

Back 60

Gilbert's syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)

Front 61

HLA-B27

Back 61

Ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, ulcerative colitis

Front 62

HLA-DR3 or -DR4

Back 62

Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE

Front 63

Holocystolic murmur

Back 63

VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation

Front 64

Hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis

Back 64

Virchow's triad (results in venous thrombosis)

Front 65

Hypertension, secondary

Back 65

Renal disease

Front 66

Hypoparathyroidism

Back 66

Thyroidectomy

Front 67

Hypopituitarism

Back 67

Adenoma

Front 68

Infection in blood transfusion

Back 68

Hepatitis C

Front 69

Kidney stones

Back 69

1. Calcium=radiopaque
2. Struvite (ammonium)=radiopaque (formed by urease-positive organisms such as Proteus vulgaris or Staphylococcus)
3. Uric acid=radiolucent

Front 70

Late cyanotic shunt (uncorrected L->R becomes R->L)

Back 70

Eisenmenger's syndrome (caused by ASD, VSD, PDA; results in pulmonary hypertension/polycythemia)

Front 71

Liver disease

Back 71

Alcoholic liver disease

Front 72

Lysosomal storage disease

Back 72

Gaucher's disease

Front 73

Male cancer

Back 73

Prostatic carcinoma

Front 74

Malignancy associated with noninfectious fever

Back 74

Hodgkin's lymphoma

Front 75

Malignant skin tumor

Back 75

Basal cell carcinoma (rarely metastasizes)

Front 76

Mental retardation

Back 76

1. Down syndrome
2. Fragile X syndrome

Front 77

Mets to bone

Back 77

Breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney

Front 78

Mets to brain

Back 78

Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI

Front 79

Mets to liver

Back 79

Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, lung carcinomas

Front 80

Mitral valve stenosis

Back 80

Rheumatic heart disease

Front 81

Motor neuron disease

Back 81

ALS

Front 82

Myocarditis

Back 82

Coxsackie B

Front 83

Neoplasm (kids)

Back 83

1. ALL
2. Cerebellar medulloblastoma

Front 84

Nephrotic syndrome (adults)

Back 84

Membranous glomerulonephritis)