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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
African American Vernacular English (AAVE)
A variety of English spoken by many African Americans that is characterized by its phonological, syntactic, and pragmatic features.
back-channel feedback
Verbal and nonverbal behaviors that indicate to the speaker continuing attention and satisfactory comprehension or the lack thereof: e.g., "uh-huh" "I see" "huh?" head nods, quizzical expressions
cohesive devices
A way to lilng the content of different parts of a conversation through the use of pronouns, ellipsis, connectives, anaphora, and other conversational strategies
communicative competence
Linguistic competence plus knowledge of the social rules for language use. The speaker has phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic knowledge and the additionial knowledge necessary to use language appropriately in social situations.
dialect
a systematic subvariety of a language spoken by a sizeable group of speakers sharing characteristics such as geographical origin or social class
egocentrism
Piaget's concept meaning the inability to take another person't perspective. Speech not adapted to listener needs: e.g., using color terms to direct the action of a blindfolded listener
ellipsis
the ommision of a word or words from an utterance that would be necessary for a complete syntactic construction, but which are not necessary for understanding. A cohesive device used when understanding rests on referring back to earlier parts of the conversation.
illocutionary act
the goal or intentions of a speaker, which may be to persuage, inform, or make a request, for instance. Austin's label in speech act theory, for the speaker's purpose in producing an utterance.
indirect request
a form of request whose surface structure does not indcate that the utterance is a request (e.g., a hint)
locutionary act
Austin's label, in speech act theory, for the act of saying a sentence that makes sense and refers to something
perlocutionary act
Austin's term in speech act theory for the effect that any particular utterance has on a listener
referential communication
the manner in which one talks about a particular refernt among an array of possible referents
register
a form of language that varies according to participants, settings, and topics such as CDS
routine
a speech form that occurs as part of a routinized event (e.g., greeting of "trick or treat" on Halloween)
script
abstract knowledge about familiar, everyday events
semantic aggravator
word or phrase that intensifies a request (e.g., "or else," "right now")
semantic mitigator
word or phrase that softens a request (e.g., "please" giving reasons)
signifying
a type of sarcastic or witty language play generally used by some African American youth to make indirect comments upon socially signigicant topics
speech act
utterances used by speakers in order to accomplish things in the world (such as requesting or apologizing).