Comd 3700 Lesson 4

Front 1

Physical measurement of sound (physical __________) is ________/__________ regardless of _________ _______ type. Measurement includes ___________, __________, and ____________.

Back 1

acoustics
fixed/constant
hearing loss
frequency
intensity
duration

Front 2

Physical acoustics are measured in __________ (Hz). Raising the frequency of a sound makes the ________ higher. Doubling the frequency raises the ________ one ___________, but does not ________ the pitch.

Back 2

frequency
pitch
pitch
octave
double

Front 3

Most auditory systems follow a ________ _______, sometimes considered a ____________ concept. When we double the sound pressure intensity, a ___ dB increase occurs. When we triple it, a ___ dB increase occurs.

Back 3

power law
logarithmic
6
10

Front 4

Psycho acoustics depends on the __________ of the __________. It refers to how the sound ________ to us. Each measurement is perceived ___________ by each patient because of _____________ hearing differences.

Back 4

hearing
listener
feels
differently
individual

Front 5

Pitch is low or high and is measured in _______. Loudness is measured in _______ (across frequencies) and _______ (up frequencies).

Back 5

mels
phons
sons

Front 6

__________ Mels is the _______ of a 1000 Hz tone at _____ dB sensation level for ________ ears. A higher pitched sound will have _______ Mels, a lower pitched sound, _______.

Back 6

1000
pitch
40
normal
more
less

Front 7

We perceive a _________ increase in the intensity of a soft sound as a significant increase in ____________. We require a greater change in __________ to make a _____ sound louder than to make a ______ sound louder. If we make a sound twice as intense, we would expect it to be twice as _______, but this is not the case.

Back 7

small
loudness
intensity
loud
soft
loud

Front 8

What type of sound measurement would an audiologist use to test the hearing ability of patients with possible disorders of the auditory system?

Back 8

audiometer

Front 9

What type of sound measurement would an audiologist use to measure the sound levels in the environment?

Back 9

sound level meter

Front 10

For the most part, every audiometer has what 5 things?

Back 10

earphones & bone receiver
hearing level indicator or attenuator
frequency indicator
ear indicator
interrupter switch

Front 11

What two types of earphones are found in an audiometer?

Back 11

supra-aural
insert

Front 12

What part of the audiometer controls the volume or intensity of each tone your present? This dial measures the volume, expressed in decibels Hearing Level (dB HL).

Back 12

hearing level indicator/attenuator

Front 13

What frequencies does the frequency indicator test?

Back 13

125
250
500
750
1000
1500
2000
3000

Front 14

What does the ear indicator do?

Back 14

Selects the ear to be tested, either left or right.

Front 15

What controls both when the test tone is on and the duration of the tone?

Back 15

interrupter switch

Front 16

On most modern audiometers, the tone is off until you depress an ____________ ________ and then that causes the tone to be delivered the client.

Back 16

interrupter switch

Front 17

The pure tone generator is also known as what?

Back 17

frequency dial

Front 18

A tone is delivered to an __________, which ___________ the tone to the __________ level.

Back 18

amplifier
amplifies
maximum

Front 19

The hearing level (dB) dial is also known as what?

Back 19

attenuator

Front 20

What means to subdue or bring down a tone?

Back 20

attenuate

Front 21

When you turn the dial up, you're allowing ____________ attenuation so you're getting a _______________ signal.

Back 21

less
stronger

Front 22

What is the order of the audiogram components on the block diagram, from left to right?

Back 22

pure tone generator, amplifier, attenuator, silent switch, air or bone conduction

Front 23

What are the two types of tone delivery to the patient on a BASIC audiometer?

Back 23

air conduction or bone conduction

Front 24

With air conduction, you can choose whether to have the tone delivered to what?

Back 24

left or right ear

Front 25

In a clinic environment, when you are conducting advanced testing other than basic hearing screenings, then you will use a diagnostic or clinical audiometer for testing __________ _________ as well as _________ testing.

Back 25

pure tones
speech

Front 26

On a diagnostic audiometer, what changes the presentation of the tone from interrupted (normal choice) to pulsed, continuous, or warble tones?

Back 26

presentation indicator

Front 27

On a diagnostic audiometer what changes the audiometer function from microphone , to air conduction, to bone conduction, or to speech ?

Back 27

function indicator

Front 28

On a a diagnostic audiometer, what always allows you to communicate with the patient while the headset occludes the ears?

Back 28

microphone

Front 29

On a diagnostic audiometer, what is important when you use a two-room test suite, a sound booth, or recorded speech tests?

Back 29

monitor

Front 30

On a diagnostic audiometer, what produces a white or other noise to isolate an ear during certain tests?

Back 30

masking control

Front 31

On an audiometer, what is used for speech testing?

Back 31

cd player (or tape player)

Front 32

On a diagnostic audiometer, what monitors the input level by an averaging voltmeter?

Back 32

VU meter

Front 33

With any pure tone audiometer, the objective is to deliver a tone at given ____________ or __________.

Back 33

frequencies
pitches

Front 34

The pure tone or speech signal is routed through what 4 avenues?

Back 34

supra-aural headphones
insert headphones
bone conduction vibrator
sound field

Front 35

When do we test the air conduction pathway using a headset?

Back 35

to determine type and severity of hearing loss

Front 36

List two places where bone conduction testing can be placed.

Back 36

mastoid process
forehead

Front 37

Testing using a sound booth is usually done when doing _______ _________.

Back 37

speech testing

Front 38

When using the sound field output, the signal is fed into the sound booth using _______________.

Back 38

loudspeakers

Front 39

If pure tones are used for testing in the sound field, then the stimulus of the sound must be changed to a ___________ or _________ tone.

Back 39

warble
wavy

Front 40

When using the speaker output in a sound booth, the signal is fed to an _____________ ______________ that creates the additional power necessary to drive the loudspeaker.

Back 40

auxiliary amplifier

Front 41

What do we use to test airborne sounds to determine the sound pressure level in decibels?

Back 41

a sound level meter

Front 42

Sound level meters are ___________ that will collect the sound ________ from the surrounding ___________, convert that energy to ____________, then give us a _______readout as to the __________ of the sound in the surrounding environment.

Back 42

instruments
energy
environment
electricity
decibel
intensity

Front 43

What kinds of sound level meters are there?

Back 43

basic analog
sophisticated digital

Front 44

What can also be used to calibrate an audiometer?

Back 44

a sound level meter

Front 45

Calibration of an audiometer is necessary to determine if an audiometer is performing properly in terms of what 4 things?

Back 45

its acoustic output, attenuator linearity, frequency accuracy and harmonic distortion.

Front 46

How often do we have the audiometer calibrated professionally? How often do we do periodic checks?

Back 46

professionally calibrated once a year
periodic checks in between

Front 47

If the stylus on the sound level meter is pointing at zero, is there some sound energy coming in?

Back 47

yes

Front 48

With most sound level meters we can use a ____________ __________ to look at the intensity in the environment of a sound that is centered close to the meter.

Back 48

filtering process

Front 49

In order to transform the acoustical energy into electricity, we need to have a______________.

Back 49

microphone

Front 50

Why is the coupler on a sound level meter 6 cubic centimeters?

Back 50

Because that size corresponds to the closed cavity created by the walls of the external auditory meatus/ tympanic membrane on one end and the earphone on the other -- 6 cc on average.

Front 51

On a sound level meter, we always use a standard and put a _______________-gram weight on top.

Back 51

500

Front 52

_______ dB output is standard for each frequency we test.

Back 52

70

Front 53

The sound level meter when stimulated by the audiometer reads on the positive side ___________.

Back 53

2.5

Front 54

You would set the sensitivity dial to __________ dB in anticipation of this 70 dB output from the audiometer coming into the sound level meter.

Back 54

75

Front 55

If we have an output of 70dB from the audiometer we will be measuring ________ on the SLM.

Back 55

77.5

Front 56

So you take the 75 dB that is on the _____________ dial plus 2.5, and you get 77.5.

Back 56

sensitivity

Front 57

"The sound level meter is measuring according to _________ _________level.

The audiometer operates according to _________ level."

Back 57

sound pressure
hearing

Front 58

At 1000 Hz a 70 dB HL tone is equal to ____________ dB SPL.

Back 58

77.5

Front 59

Remember HL is different from SPL and we have to ________ some dB to get from one to the other.

Back 59

add

Front 60

If calibration of your sound level meter reveals marked differences from specification, then what do you need to do?

Back 60

Have it recalibrated

Front 61

When calibrating a sound level meter, there is a certain level of tolerance. In terms of intensity, the standard allows us what margin of error?

Back 61

plus or minus 2.5 dB

Front 62

So in calibrating intensity, if the difference is plus 2.5 or greater, we have to _____________, and if it’s minus 2.5 dB, we'd have to _______________________

Back 62

go up to the next five dB, drop down by five dB.

Front 63

If calibration of the sound level meter reveals that adjustments should be made when testing, you must mark them down on the ___________________.

Back 63

correction chart

Front 64

With frequency, our tolerance is somewhere between ___________percent, depending on the type of audiometer according to the 1996 ANSI standards.

Back 64

1-2%

Front 65

On a calibration chart, a zero under a certain tone means what?

Back 65

that the meter is in perfect calibration for that tone

Front 66

If the audiometer is not calibrated perfectly at zero, how do we adjust the final result on the hearing chart before we report the patient's hearing to someone else?

Back 66

We follow the direction of the correction. You have to make the correction before you place it on the hearing chart.

Front 67

When performing tests using a sound level meter with ______ calibration differences, first you find the _____________, then you _____ or _________the number on the _______ chart, and finally you put that amount on the _________.

Back 67

minor
threshold
add
subtract
correction
audiogram