Comd 3700 Audiology Exam 1 Lesson 2 Of 4

Front 1

Conductive Hearing Loss involves

Back 1

• Involves the breakdown or obstruction of some part of the external or middle ear only

Front 2

Conductive Hearing Loss - because the obstruction:

Back 2

• The physical vibrations of sound are no longer transmitted or conducted through air conduction because of the obstruction

Front 3

Conductive Hearing Loss - is it correctable?

Back 3

• Most problems are medically correctable

Front 4

Conductive Hearing Loss- is there still conduction to the sensory organ?

Back 4

• Physical conduction of sound to sensory organ

Front 5

Conductive Hearing Loss, will show what for bone conduction test?

Back 5

• Bone conduction test results will be normal

Front 6

Conductive part of hearing

Back 6

outer and middle ear

Front 7

Sensory and neural part of hearing...

Back 7

cochlea and nerves

Front 8

Normally we perceive sound by way of ___ conduction

Back 8

air

Front 9

Other ways we can hear is by way of ___ conduction

Back 9

bone

Front 10

Simple Tuning Fork Test - placed on outside the auricle is a demonstration of ___ conduction

Back 10

air

Front 11

Simple Tuning fork test placed on the side of the head near the mastoid bone or forehead demonstrates ___ conduction.

Back 11

bone

Front 12

When the sound vibrations bypass the outer and middle ear we have ___ conduction

Back 12

bone

Front 13

Sensorineural Hearing Loss results in damage where? specifically?

Back 13

• Results in damage occurring in the inner ear
• Damage to cochlea and/or VIII Cranial Nerve

Front 14

• Sensory loss involves only the ________

Back 14

cochlea

Front 15

• Neural involves only the _____

Back 15

8th cranial nerve

Front 16

Sensorineural Hearing Loss, testing shows:

Back 16

• Same amount of hearing loss for both air and bone conduction testing

Front 17

Mixed Hearing Loss is a combination

Back 17

a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, occurring simultaneously in the same ear

Front 18

Mixed Hearing Loss testing results show:

Back 18

• Air conduction results will be worse than bone conduction results

Front 19

• Nonorganic Hearing Loss, often called and is a result of

Back 19

• Often called a "Functional Loss"
result of psychological cause

Front 20

Nonorganic Hearing Loss - is there anything wrong with the anatomy?

Back 20

• There is nothing wrong with the hearing mechanism
• No known organic cause

Front 21

Nonorganic Hearing Loss types:

Back 21

• Malingering-Patient willingly & knowingly fabricates a hearing loss for some sort of gain
• Conversion hysteria-Patient cannot hear, but there is not evidence of organic cause
• Psychogenic hearing loss-Some psychological disorder that manifests in the symptoms of hearing loss

Front 22

Tuning forks were used to test hearing long before _______________ ________ came along.

Back 22

electronic instrumentation

Front 23

Well known tuning fork tests: (4)

Back 23

o The Schwabach
o The Rinne
o The Bing
o The Weber

Front 24

How is a tuning fork test administered?

Back 24

• The tuning fork is set into vibration by holding the stem in the hand and striking he tines against a firm but resilient surface such as the rubber heel of a shoe.

Front 25

Which is more accurate - tuning fork tests or audiometric testing?

Back 25

• Tuning fork tests are no where near as accurate, qualitative or quantitative as audiometric testing

Front 26

Which tuning fork tests are used by some audiologists, otologists and ENT physicians as a cross check measure in separating conductive from sensorineural hearing loss still today?

Back 26

Rinne and Weber

Front 27

The Schwabach Test is

Back 27

• A bone conduction test comparing the hearing sensitivity of the patient with the examiner

Front 28

The Schwabach Test procedure (2 steps)

Back 28

• The procedure is to strike and place the tuning fork on the patients mastoid bone
• When the patient can no longer hear the tone, the tuning fork is placed on the examiners ear and timed as to how long he can hear it.

Front 29

Assumption and drawback of the Schwabach Test

Back 29

• The assumption that the examiner has normal hearing, is one reason the test is rarely used today

Front 30

The Schwabach Test Results: Normal Schwabach

Back 30

• Normal Schwabach=Normal hearing = patient hears for same length of time

Front 31

The Schwabach Test Results: Diminished Schwabach

Back 31

• Diminished Schwabach=Sensorineural HL = patient hears for shorter time than examiner

Front 32

The Schwabach Test Results: Prolonged Schwabach

Back 32

• Normal or Prolonged Schwabach=Conductive HL = patient hears for longer time than examiner, or patient has normal hearing

Front 33

• An impairment of the _____ hearing mechanism will enhance one's bone conducted perception of sound

Back 33

conductive

Front 34

What does the Rinne test compare?

Back 34

• This test compares hearing by air conduction to hearing by bone conduction

Front 35

Remember: • This air/bone? conduction advantage is lost whenever there is a conductive hearing loss, in which case the tuning fork will sound louder by air/bone? conduction than by air/bone? conduction

Back 35

air, bone, air

Front 36

Rinne test procedure (3 steps)

Back 36

• To perform the test, the fork is struck and alternately placed on the mastoid bone (BC) and at the opening of the ear canal (AC).
• The patient is asked if the tone is louder with mastoid placement or ear canal placement
• Masking must be placed in the non-text ear to make sure the tone is being heard in the test ear.

Front 37

The Rinne Test Results- Rinne Positive

Back 37

• Rinne Positive-when the fork is heard louder at the ear canal and this indicates either normal hearing acuity or a sensorineural hearing loss

Front 38

The Rinne Test Results- Rinne Negative

Back 38

• Rinne Negative-when the fork is heard louder at the mastoid and indicates a conductive hearing loss

Front 39

A false negative Rinne

Back 39

• A false negative Rinne -when there was not sufficient mask and the test tone crossed the head and was heard in the non-test ear

Front 40

• The following principle is vital to understanding the Rinne test:

Back 40

• The hearing mechanism is normally more sensitive by air conduction than by bone conduction

Front 41

The Bing Test takes advantage of

Back 41

• Takes advantage of the occlusion effect

Front 42

The Bing Test demonstrates:

Back 42

• When the ear canal is occluded or when a conductive hearing disorder is present, there is an enhanced perception of a tone when delivered to the inner ear via bone conduction

Front 43

The Bing Test Results - Positive Bing

Back 43

• Positive Bing-If a person has normal or sensorineural hearing loss, they will hear the tone from the tuning fork when the examiner occludes the outer ear by pushing in on the tragus therefore occluding the outer ear.

Front 44

The Bing Test Results - Negative Bing

Back 44

• Negative Bing-If the person already has a conductive hearing loss, pressing and releasing the tragus will not effect a change in the patient's perception of the tone, probably a conductive hearing loss

Front 45

The Weber Test is used

Back 45

• The Weber test is used to tell whether a unilateral hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural

Front 46

The Weber tests of _______ because?

Back 46

• It is a test of lateralization because the patient is asked to indicate from which direction the sound seems to be coming

Front 47

The Weber Test procedure: (2 steps)

Back 47

• The patient indicates which ear is the poor ear and which ear is the better ear
• The tuning fork is placed on the forehead & the patient is asked where they hear the tone

Front 48

Weber Test results - if tone is heard in better ear -

Back 48

• If the tone is heard in the better ear-then the poorer ear must be a sensorineural hearing loss

Front 49

Weber Test results - if tone is heard in poorer ear -

Back 49

• If the tone is heard in the poorer ear-that ear must have a conductive hearing loss

Front 50

• Attenuation means

Back 50

damper or weakening - especially related to sound

Front 51

• Stenger principle and the Weber effect in sensorineural cases

Back 51

if two tones that are identical in all ways except loudness are introduced simultaneously into both ears, only the louder one will be perceived.

- when the bone conduction sensitivity is poorer in one ear than in the other, the tone being introduced into both ears with equal energy will be perceived as softer or not be perceived at all in the poorer ear

Front 52

What is the finding if the condition is:
Normal Hearing

Back 52

Normal air conduction

Front 53

What is the finding if the condition is:
Normal Bone Conduction

Back 53

Normal hearing OR conductive hearing loss

Front 54

What is the finding if the condition is:
Poorer Hearing for air conduction that for bone conduction

Back 54

Conductive OR Mixed Hearing Loss

Front 55

What is the finding if the condition is:
Hearing for air conduction is the same as hearing for bone conduction

Back 55

Normal Hearing or Sensorineural Hearing loss