Comd 3100 Exam 2 From Unit 2, Part 1 Notes

Front 1

Boyle's Law: If you _______________ the volume, the pressure will decrease.

Back 1

INCREASE

(negative pressure)

Front 2

Framework of respiration that protects the lungs: (3)

Back 2

1. Vertebral Column
2. Pelvic and Pectoral Girdles
3. Rib Cage

Front 3

_______________ provides protection for the spinal cord.

Back 3

Vertebral Column

Front 4

5 divisions of vertebral column
ctlsc

Back 4

1. Cervical
2. Thoracic
3. Lumbar
4. Sacral
5. Coccygeal

Front 5

The vertebral column is composed of ____segments (for most people.)

Back 5

33

Front 6

# of Cervical vertebrae

Back 6

7

Front 7

# of Thoracic vertebrae

Back 7

12

Front 8

# of Lumbar vertebra

Back 8

5

Front 9

# of Sacral vertebrae

Back 9

5

Front 10

# of Coccygeal vertebrae

Back 10

4

Front 11

Which two sections of the vertebral column fuse during life?

Back 11

Sacrum
Coccyx

Front 12

Fibrocartilaginous discs found between discs (Intevertebral Discs) are found between vertebrae except _____________ & _________________.

Back 12

C1
C2

Front 13

There are approximately ___ intervertebral discs.

Back 13

24

Front 14

The anterior, large plate-like portion of a vertebral disc

Back 14

Body/Corpus

Front 15

part of vertebral disc:

-on lateral sides of the body
-project posteriorly, then join at the midline

Back 15

Pedicles

Front 16

________________ is created where pedicles join at midline.

Back 16

Neural Arch

Front 17

Canal created when vertebrae are stacked.
-provides passage of spinal cord

Back 17

Vertebral Foramen

Front 18

_______________ extends dorsally and inferiorly from neural arch.

-attachment point for muscles and ligaments

-protect the vertebral column

Back 18

Spinous Process

Front 19

_________________ project laterally on either side of the vertebrae.

Back 19

Transverse Process

Front 20

_______________supports the full weight of the skull.

Back 20

Atlas (C1)

Front 21

The LARGEST & STRONGEST vertebrae (b/c they support the most weight during lifting and walking.):

Back 21

Lumbar

Front 22

portion of vertebrae that is attachment point for muscles and ligaments

Back 22

Transverse Process

Front 23

Abnormal convexity in thoracic region:

Back 23

Kyphosis

(hunchback)

Front 24

Lordosis:

Back 24

-swayback

-concavity in lumbar or cervical region

Front 25

Ribs articulate with _____________________ in the thoracic vertebrae.

Back 25

Transverse Processes

Front 26

__________________ articulate with adjacent superior vertebrae.

Back 26

Superior Articular Processes

Front 27

The anterior and posterior __________________________ extend through the length of the spinal column and bind the bodies of the vertebrae together.

Back 27

longitudinal ligaments

Front 28

___________________ are composed of 7 neck bones.

Back 28

Cervical Vertebrae

Front 29

C1=

Back 29

Atlas

Front 30

(C2)_______________________ fits into the Atlas and allows for rotation and pivoting of the skull.

Back 30

Axis

Front 31

Ribs attach to the thoracic vertebrae via the:

Back 31

-superior and anterior costal facets

Front 32

Ribs 1, 10, 11, and 12 have a ____ arrangement.

Back 32

1:1
rib 1 attaches to vertebrae 1, etc

Front 33

If _____________ are in mal-position, they may distort ______________ causing hypernasality.

Back 33

-upper cervical vertebrae
-posterior pharyngeal wall

Front 34

_________________ vertebrae have larger spinous and transverse processes and are attachment point for the ribs.

Back 34

Thoracic

Front 35

_________________ protrudes through the vertebral foreman of the Axis and helps to protect from damage to the spinal cord.

Back 35

Odontoid Process
(Dens)

Front 36

The _________________ allows for the movement of the Odontoid Process.

Back 36

Transverse Ligament

Front 37

Ribs 2-9 attach to the ____________________ as well as attach to the body of the vertebrae above it.

Back 37

Transverse Process

Front 38

Ribs attach to the __________________ facet of vertebrae.

Back 38

inferior costal

Front 39

__________________ provide attachment points for back and abdominal muscles.

Back 39

Lumbar Vertebrae

Front 40

__________________ provide a passageway for sacral nerves.

Back 40

Sacral Foramina

Front 41

______________ vertebrae ossify to form the __________.

Back 41

Sacral
Sacrum

Front 42

The lowest portion of the vertebral column, has a beak-like appearance, and articulates with the sacrum by means of a small disc:

Back 42

Coccyx

Front 43

Abnormal lateral curve of the spine:

Back 43

Scoliosis