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337 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Articulation is the ______ of the _____ and _____ properties of the vocal tract
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Adjustment
Shape Acoustical |
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Articulators are the ____ that allows acoustical adjstments
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Structures
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The supportive framework and muscular system that facilitates speech
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Articulatory Mechanism
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The skull is composed of the ___ and the ____ ____.
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Cranium
Facial Skeleton |
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Another name for the cranium
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Braincase
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This houses and protects the brain
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Cranium (braincase)
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The 3 main parts of the articulatory mechanism
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Skull
Cavities of the Vocal Tract Articulators & Associated Structures |
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Facial Skeleton provides framework for the organs of:
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- Mastication
- Speech Production - Respiration - Special Sesnses - Muscles of Facial Expression |
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There are ___ paired and ___ unpaired Facial Bones
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2 UnPaired (Vomer, Mandible)
6 paired (Maxialla, Nasal, Inferior Nasal Concha, Zygomatic, Palatine, Lacrimal) |
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The 2 Unpaired Facial Bones are
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Mandible
Vomer |
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Main Components of the Mandible
(MAD MC CRaMs the BuMM) |
- Mental Symphysis
- Alveolar Arch - Dental Alveolus - Mental Protrubance - Coronoid Porcoess - Condylar Process - Ramus - Mandibular Notch - Body - Mandibular Foramen - Mental Foramen |
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The mandible starts as ___ bones that ____ by age ___.
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2
Ossify 2 |
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This makes up the bulk of the mandible
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Body
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This is where the 2 halves of the mandible meet medially
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Mental symphysis
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This is the point of the chin
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Mental Protuberance
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This is the upper surface of a tooth-bearing mandible
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Alveolar Arch
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Another name for a tooth socket
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Dental Alveolus
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The wing-like protrusion of the mandible that is a point of attachment for the temporalis muscle
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Coronoid Process
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The two parts of the Condylar process are the
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Head and Neck
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The _____ of the ____ ____ of the mandible articulate with the cranium at the temporal bone
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Head
Condylar Process |
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This is the only freely movable joint in the skull
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Temporalmandibular joint
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The _____ ____ of the mandible allows entrance of nerves and blood vessels.
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Mandibular Foramen
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The Mandibular Foramen sits _____ to the Coronoid Process
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Inferior
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The _____ _____ of the mandible allows for passage of the mental nerve and blood vessels to the outer surface.
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Mental Foramen
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The ____ ____ is the depression between the Coronoid and Condylar processes
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Mandibular Notch
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The ____ is a large, flat, superior extension from the back of the corpus of the mandible
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Ramus
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The Coronoid and Condylar Processes are superior protrusions of the ____.
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Ramus of the Mandible
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The ____ ____ is a small bone that divides the nasal passages
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Vomer Bone
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The Vomer Bone is the _____ bone of the bony nasal septum.
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Inferior
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The 6 Paired Bones of the Face
(MINe PLZ) |
- Maxillae
- Inferior Nasal Conchae - Nasal Bones - Palatine Bones - Lacrimal Bones - Zygomatic Bones |
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The Maxillae are paired bones that make up the ____ ____.
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Upper Jaw
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The main structures of the Maxilla are
(BF ZAP) |
- Body
- Frontal Process - Zygomatic Process - Alveolar Process - Palatine Process |
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The _____ ____of the maxilla articulates with the zygomatic bone
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Zygomatic Process
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The zygomatic process is a _____ protrusion on the Maxilla
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Lateral
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The ____ _____ is the bony framework of the nose & lateral wall of the nasal cavity.
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Frontal Process of the Maxillae
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The ____ ____ of the maxilla articulates with the Frontal Bone
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Frontal Process
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The Frontal Process is a _____ protrusion on the Maxilla
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Superior
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These house your teeth
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Alveolar Processes
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These help your tongue form the /d/ and /t/ sounds
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Alveolar Processes
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This forms the floor of the nasal cavity and bony roof of your mouth (palate)
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Palatine Processes of the Maxillae
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The ___ ____ make up the bridge of the nose
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Nasal Bones
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The Nasal Bones are 2 ____ ____ of bone
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Oblong Plates
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Starting behind the maxilla, these form the posterior 1/4 of the bondy palate
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Paltine Bones
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These are 2 "L" shaped bones in the roof of the mouth
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Palatine Bones
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These are the smallest facial bones
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Lacrimal Bones
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These form the medial wall of the orbital cavity
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Lacrimal Bones
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These are the bones of the cheek
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Zygomatic Bones
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Another name for the cheekbone
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Zygomatic Arch
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This makes up the superior portion of the divison of the nasal cavity
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Perpendicular Plate of the Ethmoid Bone
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The Zygomatic Arch is made at the meeting place of these 2 bones
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Zygomatic Bone
and Temporal Bone |
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These paired bones run along the cheek
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Zygomatic Bones
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Important muslces of mastication and articulation attach to the ____ ____.
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Zygomatic Bones
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The Zygomatic Arch is formed at the junction of the _____ and ____ bones.
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Zytomatic
Temporal |
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The Important processes of the Zygomatic Bone are
(TOM F) |
Temporal
Orbital Maxiallary Frontalsphenoidal |
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The frontalsphenoidal process is located on the ____ ____.
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Zygomatic Bone
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The Orbital Process is located on the the ___ ___ and helps make up part of the _____ cavity.
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Zygomatic Bone
Orbital |
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The Maxillary Process is where the ____ ___ attahces to the Maxilla
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Zygomatic Bone
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The Temporal Process is where the _____ _____ attaches to the Temporal Bone.
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Zygomatic Bone
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The Inferior Nasal Conchae are bones of the _____.
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Face
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The Inferior Nasal Conchae are AKA the ______.
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Turbinates (Inferior)
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The Inferior Nasal Conchae are below the ____ and _____ Nasal Conchae
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Superior
Middle |
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The Ethmoid Bone makes up the inside _____ and _____ cavities
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Nasal
Orbital |
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The Ethmoid Bone is a _____ bone located ______ in the cranium
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Complex
Deep |
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The main structures of the Ethmoid Bone are
(SMEE CC P) |
Superior Nasal Conchae
Middle Nasal Conchae Ethmoid Sinuses Ethmoid Cells Cribiform Plate Crista Gali Perpendicular Plate |
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These are the holes in the superior portion of the Ethmoid Bone
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Ethmoid Sinuses
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This is the superior portion of the nasal septum that is part of the Ethmoid Bone
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Perpendicular Plate
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The Perpendicualr Plate is _____ to the Vomer Bone
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Superior
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The superior and middle nasal conchae sit ______ to the perpendicular plate
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Lateral
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The Superior and Medial Nasal Conchae are best described as _____ - ______ extensions.
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Scroll-Like
(of the Ethmoid Bone) |
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The purpose of the nasal conchae is to:
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Add surface area to the nasal cavity
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The Cribiform Plate separates the _____ and _____ cavitites.
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Cranial
Nasal |
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These are the holes that cover the surface area of the cribiform plate
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Ethmoidal Cells
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The purpose of the Ethmoidal Cells is to allow passage of the ____ ___ from the ____ cavities to the ____.
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Olfactory Nerves
Nasal Cavities Brain |
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This is a superior medial extension of the cribiform plate of the Ethmoid bone
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Crista Galli
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This extension of the Ethmoid Bone heads up into the skull
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Crista Galli
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The Crista Galli serves as a point of attachment for the _____ covering of the brain.
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Meninges
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The ____ ____ is a large bone in the anterior of the skull
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Frontal Bone
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Two important structures of the Frontal Bone are the:
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Squamous Portion
Orbital Portion |
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This is the vertical plate on the forehead
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The Squamous Portion of the Frontal Bone
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This is the largest portion of the frontal bone
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Squamous Portion
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This portion of the Frontal Bone runs horizontally to contribute to the roof of the orbital and nasal cavities.
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Orbital Portion
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This bone forms the lower posterior portion of the skull
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Occipital Bone
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The two main structures of the Occipital Bone are
(OF) |
Occipital Condyle
Foramen Magnum |
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The elevations on the deep portion of the Occipital Bone that stick UP into the cranium are called
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Internal Occipital Crests
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The indentations on the deep portion of the Occipital Bone between the internal occipital crests are called
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Posterior Cranial Fosse
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The ___ ____ is the large hole in the medial/ventral portion of the Occipital Bone
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Foramen Magnum
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The Foramen Magnum of the ___ ___ allows for the passage of the _____ and anterior ____ ____.
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Occipital Bone
Vertebral Spinal Arteries |
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The ___ ____of the Occipital Bone articulate with the ____ ____ of the Atlas
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Occipital Condyle
Superior Facets |
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These are the two articulatory facets lateral to the Foramen Magnum
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Occipital Condyle
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This unpaired bone of the skull articulates with ALL of the bones of the cranium
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Spheniod Bone
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The Spheniod Bone is located at the _____ of the skull
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Base
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This bone is deep and lateral to the Palatine Bone
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Spheniod bone
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The important structures of the Spheniod Bone are
(OFF LoGS) |
Optic Canals
Foramen Rotundum Foramen Ovale Lesser Wings (2) Greater Wings (2) Sella Turcica |
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These are openings on the medial superior part of the Sphenoid Bone that allow passage of optic nerves and opthalmic arteries.
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Optic Canals
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The ____ ____ are two holes in the medial portion of the Greater Wing of the Spehnoid Bone
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Foramen Rotundum
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The Foramen Rotundum of the Sphenoid bones contains the ____ branch of the _____ ____.
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Maxillary
Trigeminal Nerve |
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The Foramen Rotundum is best viewed from the
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Posterior
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The ___ ____ are the 2 holes in the lower portion of the Greater Wing.
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Foramen Ovale
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The Foramen Ovale transmit the _____ branch of the ____ ___ and the ______ arterires
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Mandibular
Trigeminal Nerve Meningeal |
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The Greater Wings are the ____ and _____ portions of the Speniod Bone
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Posterior
Larger |
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The Lesser Wings are the ____ and _____ poritons of the Sphenioid Bone
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Anterior
Smaller |
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The bulk of the Spheniod Bone is made up of the
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Body
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This medial indentation in the Sphenoid Bone houses the pituitary gland
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Sella Turcica
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The 2 paired bones of the cranium are the
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Parietal Bones
Temporal Bones |
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The Parietal Bones make up the upper ___ ____ portion of the skull.
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Posterior
Lateral |
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These paired bones of the skull make up the rounded roof of the cranium
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Parietal Bones
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The 4 Sutures of the Parietal Bones are
(SCooLS) |
Sagittal
Coronal Lambdoid Squamisol |
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The Parietal Bones join with eachother on the top of the skull at the ______ _____.
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Sagittal Suture
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The Parietal and Frontal Bones join at the ___ ___.
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Coronal Suture
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The Coronal Suture is the meeting of the ____ and ____ bones
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Frontal
Parietal |
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The Parietal and Occipital Bones join at the ____ ____
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Lambdoid Suture
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The Lamdboid Suture is the joining of the ____ and ____ bones.
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Parietal
Occipital |
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The Parietal and Temporal bones join on the lateral portion of the skull at the ___ ____.
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Squamosol Suture
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The Squamosol Suture is the joining of the _____ and _____ bones.
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Parietal
Temporal |
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The Sagittal Suture is the joining of the ____ ____.
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Parietal Bones
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These paired bones of the skull form the lateral base and sides of the cranium
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Temporal Bones
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The important structures of the Temporal Bone are
(PET ZooMS) |
Petrous Portion
External Auditory Medius Tempromandibular Joint Zygomatic Process Mastoid Process Styloid Process |
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The medial portion of the Temporal Bone is the
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Petrous Portion
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The Petrous Portion of the ____ Bone houses the organs of _____ and ______.
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Temporal
Hearing Equilibrium |
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The Petrous Portion of the ____ Bone protects the _____ bones
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Tempoal
Auditory |
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The medial inferior opening of the Temporal Bone is the
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External Auditory Meatus
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The External Auditory Meatus is AKA the
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Ear Canal
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The External Auditory Meatus allows _____ to travel to the _____bones
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Sound
Auditory |
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This is the only movable joint in the skull
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Tempromandibular Joint
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3 Important Processes of the Temporal Bone are
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Zygomatic
Mastoid Styloid |
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The Zygomatic Process of the Temporal Bone joins with the _____ ______ of the Zytomatic Bone to form the _____ _____.
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Temporal Process
Zygomatic Arch |
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The Zygomatic Arch is AKA the
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Cheekbone
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The Zygomatic Process of the Temporal Bone is a ____ projection.
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Lateral
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The ____ _____ of the Temporal Bone is a rounded inferior projection dorsal to the Styloid Process
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Mastoid Process
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The sternocleidomastoid muscle attaches to the _____ process of the ____ bone.
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Mastoid
Temporal |
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This rounded projection of the Temporal Bone is palpable behind the ear
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Mastoid Process
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This pointy inferior projection of the temporal bone is a point of attachment for many muscles
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Styloid Process
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3 Paired Auditory Ossicles
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Malleus
Incus Stapes |
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The sinuses are air filled spaces lined with ______.
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Mucoperiosteum
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The 4 paranasal sinuses from superior to inferior are
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Frontal
Sphenoid Ethmoid Maxillary |
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The 5 Cavities of the Vocal Tract are
(BOPPn) |
Buccal
Oral Pharyngeal Paired Nasal (2) |
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The _____ ____ is the space between the teeth and the cheeks.
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Buccal Cavity
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The movement of the cheeks and lips change the shape of the ___ ____.
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Buccal Cavity
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Another name for the mouth is the ___ ___.
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Oral Cavity
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Anterior/Lateral
Superior Posterior Inferior Bounds of the Oral Cavity |
- Anterior/Lateral: teeth & alveolar processes
- Superior: hard & soft palates - Posterior: palatoglossal arch - Inferior: muscle floor (tongue) |
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The Pharyngeal Cavity is a _________ tube that runs from the ____ of the skull to the _____ ____.
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Musculomembranous
Base Cricoid Cartilage |
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The 3 areas of the Pharyngeal Cavity are
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- Nasopharynx - nasal area
- Oropharynx: oral cavity area - Laryogopharyns: larynx area down |
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The Paired Nasal Cavitites are divided by the ____ ____.
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Nasal Septum
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The lateral walls of the Nasal Cavities are made up of the
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Superior & Middle Nasal Conchae (part of the Ethmoid)
Inferior Nasal Conchae |
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The _____ ____ is where the oral, pharyngeal and nasal cavities meet.
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Oropharyngeal Isthmus
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The Oropharyngeal Isthmus is bounded in the Anterior by the ____ ___ and in the Posterior by the ____ ___.
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Palatoglossal Arch (Anterior Faucial Pillars)
Palatopharyngeal Arch (Posterior Faucial Pillars) |
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Another name for the Palatoglossal Arch is the
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Anterior Faucial Pillars
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Another name for the Palatopharyngeal Arch is the
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Posterior Faucial Pillars
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The exterior of the nose from superior to inferior
(RiBeD TaB) |
Root
Bridge Dorsum Tip Base |
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The Tip of the nose is the ____ inferior to the dorsum
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Apex
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The Base of the nose is the location of the ____ (or ____)
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Nostrils (Nares)
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The _____ makes up the bulk of the body of the nose.
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Dorsum
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The _____ is the bony framework of the nose.
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Bridge
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The _____ is the most superior portion of the nose.
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Root
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Another name for the lips is the ____ ____.
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Rima Oris
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The Rima Oris is divided into _____ and _____ sections.
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Internal
External |
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The 3 main sections of the External Rima Oris are
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Vermillion Zone
Tubercle Philtrum |
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The Vermillion Zone is the transition between the _____ and the _____ on the Rima Oris.
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Skin
Mucous Membrane |
|
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This is the slight projection in the medial portion of the upper lip
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Tubercle
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This is the vertical groove above the lips from the base of the nose to the bow of the lip
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Philtrum
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Two of the main Internal structures of the Rima Oris are
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Superior Labial Frenulum
Inferior Labial Frenulum |
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Another name for the cheeks
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Buccae
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2 of the main structures of the cheeks
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Glands
Buccal Fat pad (suckling pad) |
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The 2 glands of the Buccae are
|
Molar Glands
Parotid Salivary Gland (Stenson's Duct) |
|
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Another name for the buccal fat pad is the
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Suckling Pad
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This part of the Buccae is well developed in infants
|
Buccal Fat Pad
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Some of the major muscle groups of the face and mouth are
(OVer TAP) |
Orbicularis Oris
Vertical Transverse Angular Parallel |
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This is the sphincter muscle around the mouth
|
Orbicularis Oris
|
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The Orbicularis Oris _____ the mouth and _____ the lips
|
Closes
Puckers |
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The 2 Transverse Muscles of the Mouth/Face.
(RiB) |
Rasorius
Buccinator |
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The Rasorius is a ____ muscle that draws the mouth _____.
|
Transverse
Lateralward |
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The Buccinator is a _____ muscle that compresses the ____ and ____ against the teeth and draws the corners of the mouth ______.
|
Transverse
Lips Cheeks Laterally (used for blowing) |
|
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These muscles aid in the production of bilabial stops (/p/ /b/) and nasal sounds
|
Buccinator
Rasorius |
|
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The Angular muscles of the Face and Mouth approach the mouth ______ from ____ and ____.
|
Obliquely
Above Below |
|
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The Angular muscles of the mouth are responsible for _____ and _____ expressions.
|
Smile
Frown |
|
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The Angular muscles of the face and mouth are
(LiL ZuZeD) |
- Levitator Labii Superior
- Levitator Labii Superior Alaque Nasi - Zygomatic Minor - Zygomatic Major - Depressor Labii Inferior |
|
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The ___ ____ ____ raises the upper lip.
|
Levitator Labii Superior
|
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This most superior Angular muscle raises upper lip and dilates nostris
|
Levitator Labii Superior Alaeque Nasi
|
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This Angular muscle is superior to the Zygomatic Major and helps raise the upper lip
|
Zygomatic Minor
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The Zygomatic Major is _____ to the Zytomatic Minor
|
Inferior (and Deep)
|
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The Zytomatic Major is an Angular muscle that draws the angle of the mouth ___ and _____.
|
Up
Lateralward (big smile) |
|
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This Angular muscle draws down and lateralward into a frown.
|
Depressor Labii Inferior
|
|
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This Angular muscle attaches to the lateral portions of the mandible
|
Depressor Labii Inferior
|
|
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These muscles of the face enter the mouth from directly above and below
|
Vertical Muscles
|
|
|
The 3 Vertical muscles of the face and mouth are
(My DoL) |
Mentalis
Depressor Anguli Oris Levator Anguli Oris |
|
|
The main muscles of the face and mouth that are responsible for facial expressions are the
|
Vertical Muscles
|
|
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This Vertical muscle raises the lower lip and wrinkles the chin
|
Mentalis
|
|
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This Vertical muscle compresses the lips by drawing the upper lips DOWN on the lower lips
|
Depressor Anguli Oris
|
|
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This Vertical muscle draws the corner of the mouth UPWARD & assists in closing mouth by drawing lower lip UP
|
Levator Anguli Oris
|
|
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These muscles are not TRULY mouth muscles but instead superficial muscles in the mouth region
|
Parallel
|
|
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The 2 Parallel muscles of the face (near the mouth) are
(IL2) |
Incivius Labii Superior
Incivius Labii Inferior |
|
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The Incivius Labii Supeior is a _____ muscle that helps ___ and ____ the lips
|
Parallel
Pucker Round |
|
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The Incivius Labii Inferior is a ____ muscle that draws the corners of the mough ____ and _____.
|
Parallel
Medially Downward |
|
|
Three main functions of the teeth
|
-Precursors to digestion
-Add structure to the face -Important for speech production including /f/ /t/ /th/ /v/ |
|
|
The 2 sets of teeth acquired over a lifetime are the ____ and ____ teeth
|
Deciduous
Permanent |
|
|
Composition of the Deciduous Dental Arch
|
20 Teeth (10 top/10 bottom)
- 4 incisors - 2 canines - 4 molars |
|
|
Composition of the Permanent Dental Arch
|
32 Teeth (16 top/16 bottom)
- 4 incisors - 2 canines - 4 premolars - 6 molars (3rd usually missing) |
|
|
The main structures of the tooth are
(CRuD PEN CaD) |
Crown
Root Dentin Periodontal Ligament Enamel Neck Cementum Dental Pulp |
|
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This is the top portion of the tooth above the gumline that is covered in enamel
|
Crown
|
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This is the portion of the tooth below the gumline covered in cementum
|
Root
|
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This is the (ill defined) area of the tooth between the root and the crown
|
Neck
|
|
|
This is the solid portion of the tooth that makes up the bulk.
|
Dentin
|
|
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____ ____ is rich in nerves and blood vessels and is deep to the dentin
|
Dental Pulp
|
|
|
The ____ is the densest poriton of the tooth and the hardest substance in the body
|
Enamel
|
|
|
The ____ covers the crown and dentin above the gumline
|
Enamel
|
|
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This bone-like substance coverst the roots of the tooth
|
Cementum
|
|
|
The ___ ____ suspends the tooth in the alveolus
|
Periodontal Ligament
|
|
|
Another name for a tooth socket
|
Alveolus
|
|
|
Tooth progresion from front to back
|
Incisors
Canines Premolars Molars |
|
|
The relationship of the upper and lower jaws is _____.
|
Occlusion
|
|
|
The 3 types of occlusion
|
Class I
Class II Class III |
|
|
Class I Occlusion is _____.
|
Normal
|
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With a Class I Occlusion, the cusps of the 1st mandibular molar are _____ tooth length _____ of the maxillary molar
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1/2
Ahead |
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Class II Occlusion is a ______ AKA an _______.
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Malocclusion
Overbite |
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In a Class II Occlusion, the cusps of the 1st mandibular molare are ____ and ____ the opposing maxillary molar
|
Behind
Inside |
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A Class II Occlusion ____ affect speech production
|
Can
|
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When the top teeth are more forward than they should be, this is described as an _____ _____. (class II)
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Increased Overjet
|
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When the lower teeth are farther back in the jaw than normal, this is desribed as a _____ _____. (class II)
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Retruded Mandible
|
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A Class III Occlusion is a _____ AKA an ______
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Malocclusion
Underbite |
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In a Class III Occlusion, the cusps of the 1st bottom molars are _____ of the top ______.
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Ahead
Incisors |
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A Class III Occlusion _____ impact speech production
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Can
|
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Malpositioned teeth are when the ____ is aligned but the individual teeth are _____.
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Aligned
Misaligned |
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4 types of malpositioned teeth are
(IS AT) |
Infraversion
Supraversion Axiaversion Torsiversion |
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Infraversion is when:
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Tooth is insufficiently errupted to meet the line of occlusion with the opposing tooth
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Supraversion is when:
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Tooth has grown PAST the normal line of occlusion
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Axiverion is when
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Tooth is tipped in or out
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Torsiversion is when
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Tooth is twisted
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3 types of malocclusion are
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Open
Closed Lateral Open |
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In an Open Bite, the _____ teeth are unable to meet
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Anterior
|
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In a Closed Bite, the _____ teeth are unable to meet
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Posterior
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In a Lateral Open Bite, ____ ____ of the dental arch is unable to meet
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One Side
|
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This is the most important of all of the articulators
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The Tongue
|
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The parts of the tongue are
(ToB FoB) |
Tip
Blade Front Back |
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The ____ of the tongue is nearest the teeth
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Tip
|
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The ____ of the tongue is below the alveolar ridge
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Blade
|
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The ____ of the tongue is below the hard palate
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Front
|
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The ____ of the tongue is beneath the soft palte
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Back
|
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The 2 main structures of the surface of the tongue are the ___ and ___ ___.
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Papillae
Lingual Frenulum (Frenum) |
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The Papillae of the tongue contain the ____ ____.
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Taste Buds
|
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This attches the bottom of the tongue to the floor of the mouth
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Lingual Frenulum (frenum)
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The tongue has both ___ and ____ muscles
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Intrinsic
Extrinsic |
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The Intrinsic Muscles of the tongue are
(SIT V) |
Superior Longitudinal
Inferior Longitudinal Transverse Vertical |
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The Superior Longitudinal muscle is the ____ _____ muscle of the tongue.
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Largest
Intrinsic |
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The Superior Longitudinal muscle ____ the tongue to turn the tip ___.
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Shortens
Up |
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The Superior Longitudinal muscle assists in turning the ____ margins ___.
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Lateral
Upward |
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This Intrinsic muscle of the tongue shortens the tongue to bring the tip down
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Inferior Longitudinal
|
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The _____ muscle narrows and elongates the tongue and allows for protrusion
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Transverse
|
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The _____ muscle flattens the tongue
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Vertical
|
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The Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue are
(Go SHoP) |
Genioglossus
Styloglossus Hyoglossus Palatoglossus |
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This is the strongest and largest extrinsic muscle of the tongue
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Genioglossus
|
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The ____ presses the tip of the tongue against the teeth and alveolar ridges to help make the /d/ /t/ and /l/ sounds
|
Genioglossus
|
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The Genioglossus draws the tongue ____ to make a ____ shape.
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Down
Trough |
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This is the antagonist muscle to the Genioglossus
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Styloglossus
|
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This extrinsic muscle of the tongue originates on the styloid process of the temporal bone
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Styloglossus
|
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The ____ draws the tongue up and back.
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Styloglossus
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The Styloglossus draws the sides of the tongue ___.
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Up
|
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The _______ lowers the soft palate and _____ the back of the tongue
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Palatoglossus
Raises |
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The Palatoglossus forms the _____ ____.
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Palatoglossal Arch (Anterior Faucial Pillars)
|
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The ______ retracts and depresses the tongue
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Hyoglossus
|
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The ____ is a fiber bundle within the Hyoglossus
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Chondroglossus
|
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The main function of the mandible is ______. The secondary function is modification of the ____ ____ during _____.
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Mastication
Vocal Tract Speech |
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Though it only moves slightly during speech, sluggish movements of the _____ may contribute to _____ _____ and errors.
|
Mandible
Articulation Deficits |
|
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This is the only movable bone in the face
|
Mandible
|
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The primary movements of the mandible are _____ and _____. Secondary movements are _____, ______, and ______ movement
|
Elevation
Depression Protrusion Retraction Lateral (movement) |
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The only JOINT that moves in the face/head.
|
Temporalmandibular Joint
|
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The temporalmandibular joint is palpable near the ____ of the ____.
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Front
Ear |
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The Temporalmandibular Joint is the articulation point between the ______ _____ of the ____ ______ of the temporal bone and the ______ of the mandible
|
Anterior Portion
Mandibular Fossa Condyle |
|
|
The Mandibular Depressors (Muscles) are
(DoLt MuG) |
Digastricus
Lateral Pterygoid Mylohyoid Geniohyoid |
|
|
The Digastricus is a Mandibular _____.
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Depressor
|
|
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The Mylohyoid is a Mandibular ______ that forms the _____ ____ of the mouth
|
Depressor
Muscular Floor |
|
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The Geniohyoid is a Mandibular ____ that also ____ the larynx
|
Depressor
Elevates |
|
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The Lateral Pterygoid functions as both a _____ and a _____ of the Mandible
|
Protruder
Depressor |
|
|
The Lateral Pterygoid causes the _____ of the Mandible to slide _____, thereby protruding the jaw
|
Condyle
Forward |
|
|
Contraction of one side of the Lateral Pterygoid causes a ____ motion.
|
Grinding
|
|
|
The Mandibular Elevators are
(MIT) |
Masseter
Internal (Medial) Pterygoid Temporalis |
|
|
The Internal (Medial) Pterygoid is a Mandibular _____ that runs ____ to the Lateral Pterygoid.
|
Elevator
Deep |
|
|
The function of the Internal (Medial) Pterygoid is to ____ the jaw.
|
Close
|
|
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The ___ ____ and the ______ form the Mandibular Sling
|
Internal (Medial) Pterygoid
Masseter |
|
|
The Internal (Medial) Pterygoid and Masseter are Mandibular _____ muscles that form the _____ ___.
|
Elevators
Mandibular Sling |
|
|
The Masseter is a Mandibular ______.
|
Elevator
|
|
|
The _____ is the most powerful muscle of mastication.
|
Masseter
|
|
|
The main function of the Masseter is to ___ the ____.
|
Close
Jaw |
|
|
The Masseter runs from the ___ ____ of the Temporal Bone to the _____.
|
Zygomatic Process
Mandible |
|
|
The Temporalis is a Mandibular _____.
|
Elevator
|
|
|
The Temporalis is a ____-shaped muscle that attaches the ____ to the _____ bone
|
Fan
Mandible Temporal |
|
|
The ____ is a "snapping" muscle that can contract quicly
|
Temporalis
|
|
|
Parts of the Temporalis _____ the mandible and other parts ____ the mandible.
|
Elevate
Retract |
|
|
The RAISING muscles of the Mandible
(MIT) |
Masseter
Internal Pterygoid Temporalis |
|
|
The LOWERING muscles of the Mandible
(DiG MEG) |
Digastricus (anterior)
Geniglossus Mylohyoid External (Lateral) Pterygoid Geniohyoid |
|
|
The PROTRUSION muscles of the Mandible
(IE) |
Internal Pterygoid (Medial)
External Pterygoid (Lateral) |
|
|
The RETRACTION muscles of the mandible
(TeD MeG) |
Temporalis (posterior)
Digastricus (anterior) Myloyhyoid Geniohyoid |
|
|
The LATERAL MOVEMENT muscles of the mandible
(ET) |
External Pterygoid
Temporalis |
|
|
One main function of the Palate relative to speech production is that it modifies the ____ between the ____ and the remainder of the vocal tract.
|
Coupling
Nasopharynx |
|
|
The Palate consists of the ____ ___ in front and the ____ ____ behind.
|
Bony plate (hard)
Muscular valve (soft) |
|
|
The 3 parts of the Palate are the
|
Alveolare Arch
Hard Palate Soft Palate (Velum) |
|
|
The anterior 3/4 of the hard palate is made of the _____ projections of the ______ processes of the ______.
|
Medial
Palatine Maxillae |
|
|
The posterior 1/4 of the hard palate is made of the ____ ___.
|
Palatine Bones
|
|
|
The Hard Palate is covered by ____ ____.
|
Mucous Membrane
|
|
|
The height of the Hard Palate is _____ and contributes to _____ characteristics.
|
Variable
Voice |
|
|
Another name for the Soft Palate
|
Velum
|
|
|
The Velum is ____ to the Hard Palate
|
Posterior
|
|
|
The muscles of the Velum are
(PoP TaLk Me) |
- Palatoglossus (Glossopalatinus)
- Palatopharyengeus (Pharyngopalatine) - Tensor Veli Palatini - Levetor Veli Palatine - Musculous Uvuae |
|
|
The Palatoglossus (Glossopalatinus) is an ____ muscle of the tongue that _____ the Velum (soft palate)
|
Extrinsic
Depresses |
|
|
The Palatoglossus (Glossopalatinus) makes up the _____ ____.
|
Palatoglossal Arch (Anterior Faucial Pillar)
|
|
|
The Palatopharyengeus (Pharyngopalatine) make up the _____ ____.
|
Palatopharyngeal Fold (Posterior Faucial Pillar)
|
|
|
The Palatopharyngeus moves the bolus of food into the _____ durring _____.
|
Pharynx
Deglution (swallowing) |
|
|
The Tensor Veli Palatini tenses/lowers the _____ _____.
|
Palatal Aponeurosis
|
|
|
This tensor muscle of the Velum (soft palate) pulls open the Auditory (Eursation) Tube
|
Tensor Veli Palatine
|
|
|
This muscle forms the bulk of the soft palate
|
Levetor Veli Palatine
|
|
|
The Levetor Veli Palatine pulls the velum ___ to make contact with the ______ wall to close off the ____ ____.
|
Back
Pharyngeal Wall Nasal Cavity |
|
|
This muscle shortens & lifts the Velum (soft palate)
|
Musculus Uvulae
|
|
|
The Musclus Uvula varies in ___ and _____.
|
Thickness
Length |
|
|
A Bifid (split) Uvula can cause ______ and can be a warning sign of a ____ _____ of the soft palate.
|
Hypernasality
Submucous Cleft |
|
|
Movement of the Velum (soft palate) modifies the ______ characteristics of the vocal tract.
|
Resonance
|
|
|
The Velum (soft palate) ____ and ______ the airway to the _____ passages.
|
Opens
Closes Nasal |
|
|
The 2 types of tonsils are
|
Palatine Tonsils
Pharyngeal Tonsils (Adenoids) |
|
|
The ___ ____ are visible in the back of the throat.
|
Palatine Tonsils
|
|
|
The Palatine Tonsils are located between the _____ and ______ arches
|
Palatoglossal
Palatopharyngeal |
|
|
The Pharyngeal Tonsils are located in the _____ wall of the ______.
|
Posterior
Nasopharynx |
|
|
The Pharyngeal Tonsils help establish __________ closure
|
Velopharyngeal (soft palate)
|
|
|
Enlarged Pharyngeal Tonsils can impede _____ ____.
|
Velopharyngeal Closure
|
|
|
Enlarged Pharyngeal Tonsils can change ____ and _____ of a voice.
|
Pitch
Resonance |
|
|
Removal of Pharyngeal Tonsils can cause
|
Hypernasality (because of lack of velopharyngeal closure)
|
|
|
The Pharynx forms the upper part of the _____ and _____ systems.
|
Respiratory
Digestive |
|
|
The 3 sections of the Pharynx (from superior to inferior) are
|
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx Laryngopharynx |
|
|
Of the 3 sections of the Pharynx, which is solely respiratory
|
Nasopharynx
|
|
|
Of the 3 sections of the Pharynx, which 2 are both respiratory and digestive in function
|
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx |
|
|
Aspiration is when food enters the _____.
|
Trachea
|
|
|
5 Important muscles of the Pharynx are
(SMIrk SoS) |
Superior Constrictor
Middle Constrictor Inferior Constrictory Stylopharyngeus Salipingospharyngeus |
|
|
The Superior Constrictor of the _____ is the _____ and most _____ muscle.
|
Pharynx
Weakest Complex |
|
|
The origin of the Middle Constrictor muscle of the ____ is the ____ of the ____ bone.
|
Pharynx
Horns Hyoid |
|
|
The Inferior Constrictor muscle of the _____ is the ____ and ____ muscle.
|
Pharynx
Strongest Thickest |
|
|
The Stylopharyngeus is a muscle of the _____ whose origin is the ____ _____ of the Temporal Bone.
|
Pharynx
Styloid Process |
|
|
The Salpingopharyngeus contributes to the dilation of the ____ ___.
|
Eustatian Tube
|
|
|
A muscle of the Pharynx that contributes to the dilation of the Eustation Tube.
|
Salpingopharyngeus
|
|
|
What is Esophageal Speech?
|
The use of trapped air in the esophagus to articulate.
|
|
|
Which muscles are important for Esophageal Speech?
|
Muscles of the Pharynx
|
