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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Consistency Theories
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People seek to maximize the internal psychological consistency of their cognition
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Cognition
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A basic unit of thought, attitudes, and beliefs
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Cognitive dissonance theory
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Best consistency theory
Created by Leo Festinger 1957 Concerned with relationships between cognition |
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Relationships between cognitions:
Irrelevant |
cognitions are unrelated
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Relationships between cognitions:
Consonant |
Cognitions are consistent
ex: smoking causes lung cancer smoking is bad for you Linked and related |
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Relationships between cognitions:
Dissonant |
Cognitions are inconsistent
ex: smoking causes lung cancer smoking is awesome Cognitions do not like each other |
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Dissonant Relationships
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uncomfortable state
varies in magnitude greater the magnitude, the greater the need to reduce it |
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Factors affecting magnitude:
Proportion of consonant and dissonant elements |
ratio of good to bad. The more distorted the ratio, the LESS dissonance you feel
1:1 more dissonance than 4:1 |
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Factors affecting magnitude:
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proportion of consonant & dissonant elements
Importance of elements/ issues |
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Reducing dissonance
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Change proportion
Chance importance |
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CDT in decision making (5)
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1.Conflict- choose btwn options
2.Decision- pick one 3.Dissonance- desirable aspects of option that did not get picked 4.Post Decisional spreading of alt. or dissonance reduction 5.Regret- post decision spread of alt fails |
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CDT in decision making stronly supports importance of...
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follow up persuasive efforts
not a one shot situation |
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Selective exposure
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people seek out consistency, therefore they typically avoid information that is not supportive of their current attitudes and beliefs
ex: prob w/online newspapers |
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Reasons why people seek out dissonant info for (4)
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1.utility- if they think it is useful
2.curiosity-to learn about other things 3.fairness norms- think it's unfair to ignore other perspectives 4.refutation-think it is easy to reject |
