Colorful Anatomy: Chapter 2

Front 1

Horizontal Sections

Back 1

Slices of the brain that are cut in a horizontal plane, that is, cut parallel to the horizon when the subject is in an upright position

Front 2

Sagittal sections

Back 2

Slices of the brain that are cut in a sagittal plane, that is, cut parallel to the vertical plane that divides the brain into left and right halves

Front 3

Midsagittal section

Back 3

A sagittal section that is cut from the very midline of the brain

Front 4

Coronal sections

Back 4

Slices of the brain that are cut into a coronal or frontal plane, that is, cut approximately parallel to the surface of the face

Front 5

Cross sections

Back 5

Sections that are cut at right angles to the long axis of any long narrow structure, for example, at right angles to the long axis of the spinal cord

Front 6

Anterior

Back 6

Toward the nose end; also known as rostral

Front 7

Posterior

Back 7

Toward the tail end; also known as caudial

Front 8

Dorsal

Back 8

Toward the surface of the back or top of the head

Front 9

Ventral

Back 9

Toward the surface of the chest and stomach or bottom of the head

Front 10

Medial

Back 10

Toward the midsagittal plane

Front 11

Lateral

Back 11

Away from the midsagittal plane toward the left or right

Front 12

Superior

Back 12

Toward the dorsal surface of the primate head

Front 13

Inferior

Back 13

Toward the ventral surface of the primate head

Front 14

Unilateral

Back 14

On one side of the body

Front 15

Bilateral

Back 15

On both sides of the body

Front 16

Ipsilateral

Back 16

From or to the same side of the body

Front 17

Contralateral

Back 17

From or to the opposite side of the body

Front 18

Most brain slices are cut in one of three different ______________, which are at right angles to each other.

Back 18

planes

Front 19

Unilateral input to a brain structure is either contralateral or ______________.

Back 19

Ipsilateral

Front 20

The ______________ or frontal plane is perpendicular to both the horizontal and sagittal planes.

Back 20

Coronal

Front 21

Any ______________ section separates the anterior part of the brain from the posterior part.

Back 21

Coronal

Front 22

Any ______________ section separates the ventral part of the brain from the dorsal part.

Back 22

Horizontal

Front 23

Any ______________ section of the brain separates the left ear from the right ear.

Back 23

Sagittal

Front 24

The anatomy of the spinal cord is usually studied in a series of ______________ sections.

Back 24

Cross

Front 25

All contralateral fibers must ______________.

Back 25

Decussate

Front 26

In dogs, the direction toward the top of the head is referred to as ______________.

Back 26

Dorsal

Front 27

In humans, the direction toward the top of the head is referred to as ______________.

Back 27

Posterior

Front 28

In dogs, the direction toward the back if the brain is referred to as ______________.

Back 28

Posterior

Front 29

Toward the midsagittal plane is referred to as ______________.

Back 29

Medial

Front 30

Away from the midsagittal plane is referred to as ______________.

Back 30

Lateral

Front 31

The nose is ______________ to the back of the head in humans.

Back 31

Anterior

Front 32

The nose is ______________ to the back of the head in dogs.

Back 32

Anterior

Front 33

In primates, ventral parts of the brain are often referred to as ______________.

Back 33

Inferior

Front 34

In humans, the tip of the nose is inferior, medial, and ______________ to the eyes.

Back 34

Anterior

Front 35

In primates, but not in other vertebrates, the direction toward to top of the head is often referred to as ______________.

Back 35

Superior

Front 36

A section cut from the plane that divides the brain into equal left and right halves is called a ______________ section.

Back 36

Midsagittal

Front 37

A lesion to both sides of the brain is said to be a ______________ lesion.

Back 37

Bilateral

Front 38

A pathway from the right hand to the left side of the brain is said to be a ______________ pathway.

Back 38

Contralateral

Front 39

Posterior is also known as ______________.

Back 39

Caudal

Front 40

Anterior is also known as ______________.

Back 40

Rostral