Colorful Anatomy: Chapter 1

Front 1

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Back 1

The part where the vertebrate nervous system that is located within the skull and spine

Front 2

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Back 2

The part of the vertebrate nervous system that is located outside the skull and spine

Front 3

Cervical region

Back 3

The section of the spine that provides the flexible framework of the neck or cervix; it lies between the skull and the thoracic region

Front 4

Thoracic region

Back 4

The section of the spine to which the ribs are attached; it lies between the cervical and the lumbar regions

Front 5

Lumbar region

Back 5

The section of the spine that supports the small of the back; it lies between the thoracic region and the sacral region

Front 6

Sacral region

Back 6

The section of the spine to which the bones of the pelvis are attached; it lies adjacent to the lumbar region

Front 7

Brain

Back 7

The part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull

Front 8

Spinal Cord

Back 8

The part of the central nervous system that is located in the spine

Front 9

Somatic nervous system

Back 9

The division of the peripheral nervous system that interacts with the external environment; it conducts sensory signals to the CNS from external receptors and receptors in joints and skeletal muscles, and it conducts motor signals from the CNS to skeletal muscles

Front 10

Autonomic nervous system

Back 10

The division of the peripheral nervous system that participates in the regulation of the body's internal environment; it conducts sensory signals to the CNS from receptors in internal organs, and motor signals from the CNS back to the same internal organs

Front 11

Spinal gray matter

Back 11

The H-shaped area of gray nervous tissue in the core of the spinal cord

Front 12

Spinal white matter

Back 12

The area of white nervous tissue in the spinal cord; it surrounds the spinal gray matter

Front 13

Dorsal roots

Back 13

The 31 pairs of sensory nerves that enter the spinal cord; they enter the spinal cord's dorsal surface

Front 14

Ventral roots

Back 14

The 31 pairs of motor nerves that exit the spinal cord; they project from the spinal cord's ventral surface

Front 15

Sympathetic nervous system

Back 15

One of the two motor divisions of the autonomic nervous system; it tends to mobilize energy resources during periods of threat; sympathetic nerves project from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord

Front 16

Parasympathetic nervous system

Back 16

One of the two motor divisions of the autonomic nervous system; it tends to conserve energy during periods of quiescence; parasympathetic nerves project from the brain and from the sacral region of the spinal cord

Front 17

Pituitary gland

Back 17

The gland that hangs from the hypothalamus; because it releases tropic hormones, it is often referred to as the master gland

Front 18

Hypothalamus

Back 18

The brain structure from which the pituitary is suspended; it secretes releasing hormones, which stimulate the release of tropic hormones from the pituitary

Front 19

Adrenal Medulla

Back 19

The core of the adrenal gland; it is activated by the sympathetic nervous system, and in turn it secretes hormones whose effects are similar to those of the sympathetic nervous system

Front 20

Adrenal cortex

Back 20

The outer layer of the adrenal gland; it releases hormones that regulate energy metabolism, mineral balance, and reproductive behavior

Front 21

Gonads

Back 21

The sex glands (i.e. ovaries in women and testes in men); they release hormones that influence both the developmental of female and male reproductive systems and the reproductive behavior of adults