Color Theory

Front 1

Made up of numerous waves or impulses each having different dimensions or wavelengths. When separated, any single wavelength will produce a specific color impression to the human eye.

Back 1

Daylight

Front 2

When an object is hit with light rays, the object absorbs certain waves and reflects others

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Color Effect

Front 3

Process of mixing pigments together, such as we see in paintings.

The pigments in an object enable it to absorb some light waves and reflect others.

When these pigments are blended, more light is absorbed and less is reflected.

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Subtractive Color

Front 4

The process of mixing coloured light, such as in theatrical lighting or television.

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Additive color

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Based on the viewer's reaction to colors when they are placed next to each other

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Partitive Color

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The range of colors reproduced in a color mode

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Gamut

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Is the setting or correcting of a measuring device or base level, usually by adjusting it to match or conform to a dependably known and unvarying measure.

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Calibration

Front 8

Standardized color reproduction system. By standardising the colors, different manufacturers in different locations can all refer to the the _____ system to make sure colors match without direct contact with one another

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Pantone Color Matching System

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Undiluted colors. The true colors of the spectrum.

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Hue

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A combination of unequal proportions of all the primaries.

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Broken Hue

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Brightness of a color

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Saturation

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Lightness and darkness of a color

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Value

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Addition of gray to pure hue

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Tones

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A color with the presence of white. Lighter shade of a color.

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Tint

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A color with the presence of black.

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Shade

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Is a step or change between color samples.

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Intervals

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Series of progressive intervals that are so close that individual steps cannot be distinguished. It is a seamless transition between color differences.

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Gradient

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Gray, white and black are ______ colors

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Achromatic

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Red, purple, pink, etc are _____ colors

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Chromatic

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3 unique colors, red-yellow-blue

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Primary colors

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Produced from the mixing of one primary color with another.

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Secondary colors

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These colors are created when mixing one secondary and one primary color.

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Tertiary Colors

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_______ Gives us three basic primaries- yellow, magenta and cyan-- that do upon mixing result in purer hues. Standard employed in color printing and photography as well as pigment (ink) manufacture

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Process Wheel

Front 24

Based on the additive color system and provides information concerning light rays and transparent color.

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Light Wheel

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A quantative measure of the ability of a light source to reproduce the colors of illuminated objects accurately when compared to a reference light source, such as pure sunlight.

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CRI (Color Rendering Index)

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A visual sensation caused by excessive and uncontrolled brightness. It can be disabling or simply uncomfortable. It is subjective, and sensitivity to it can widely vary

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Glare

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Is the reduction in visibility caused by intense light sources in the field of view

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Disability Glare

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Is the sensation of annoyance or even pain induced by overly bright sources

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Discomfort Glare

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The color appearance of the light source and the light emitted from it.

Numerical value assigned to the color emitted by a light source, measured in degrees of Kelvin

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Color Temerature (K)

Front 30

Author of "De Coloribus", First known book about color. He Attempted to explain the composition of colors and how they were related.

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Aristotle

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Author of "Treatise on Painting". According to him Black and White are indeed colors. He assigned white, yellow, green, blue, red and black as primary colors.

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Leonardo da Vinci

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Discovered that as a ray of white light passes and is bent, or refracted, through a prism it is broken into an array of colors, or spectral hues- red, orange, yellow, green, blue indigo and violet.

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Sir Isaac Newton

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Wrote "The Natural System of Colors". According to him, red, yellow and blue are the primary hues, which he termed Primitives.

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Moses Harris

Front 34

Wrote, "Theory of Colors". One of the first to investigate and record the function of the eye and its interpretation of color, rather than the properties of light.

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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

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Wrote "The Color Sphere". He arranged twelve hues in a spherical format, thus giving us the first three-dimensional color model.

Back 35

Philip Otto Runge

Front 36

Wrote "The Principle of Harmony and Contrast of Colors" He verified that all hues could be obtained from mixtures of the primaries red, yellow and blue.

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Michel Eugene Chevreul

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He Proposed that colors differed from one another as a result of three variables - Purity(saturation), Luminosity(value) and Hue

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Ogden Rood

Front 38

Wrote, "Color Notation". Developed a partitive color system based on five primary hues or as he termed them, Principal colors: yellow, red, green, blue and violet. Complementary colors

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Albert Munsell

Front 39

Wrote "The Art of Color" and "The Elements of Color". Taught COlor and Design in th Bauhaus School

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Johannes Itten

Front 40

Teacher at the Bauhaus School. His teaching diagram often used a triangle. It had red, yellow and blue at its points. Orange, violet and green at the midpoints, with red-bray, yellow-bray, and blue-bray in between.

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Josef Albers