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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Values |
Fundamental beliefs about what is important true or beautiful and what makes a good life |
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Kinship analysis |
A traditional strategy of examining genealogists to uncover the relationships built upon structures such as marriage and family ties. |
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Ethnographic fieldwork |
A primary research strategy in cultural anthropology involving living with a community of people over an extended period to better understand their lives |
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Salvage ethnography |
Fieldwork strategy developed by Franz Boas to rapidly collect cultural material linguistic and biological information about U.S. Native populations being devastated by Western expansion. |
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Ethnographic fieldwork |
A primary research strategy in cultural anthropology involving living with a community of people over and extended period to better understand their lives |
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Descriptive Linquists |
Those who analyze languages and their components |
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Hegemony |
The ability of a dominant group to create consent and agreement within a population without the use of a threat of force. |
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Quantitative data |
Statistical information about a community that can be measured and compared |
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Historical linquists |
Those who study how language over time changes within a culture and how languages travel across culture |
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Cosmopolitanism |
A global outlook emerging in response to globalization |
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Increasing migration |
The accelerated movement of people within and between countries |
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Culture |
A system of knowledge beliefs patterns of behavior artifacts and institutions that are created learned and shared by a group of people |
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Historical particularism |
The idea attributed by Franz Boas that cultures develope in specific ways because of their unique histories |
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Uneven development |
The unequal distribution of the benefits of globalization |
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Zeros |
Elements of a story or a picture that are not told or seen and yet offer key insights into issues that might be too sensitive to discuss or display publicly |
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Informed consent |
A key strategy for protecting those being studied by ensuring that they are informed of the goals of the project and have clearly indicated their consent to participate |
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Cultural relativism |
Understanding a group's beliefs and practices within their own cultural context without making judgement |
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Emic |
An approach to gathering data that investigates how local people think and how they understand the world |
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Rapport |
The relationships of trust and familiarity developed with members of the community being studied. |
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Field notes |
The anthropologist's written observation and reflections on places practices events and interviews |
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Mapping |
The analysis of the physical and/or geographic space where fieldwork is being conducted |
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Participant observation |
A key anthropological research strategy involving both participation in and observation of the daily life of the people being studied |
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Prehistoric archaeology |
the reconstruction of Hunan behavior in the distant past (before written records) through the examination of artifacts |
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Time space compression |
the rapid innovation of communication and transportation technologies associated with globalization that transforms the way people think about space and time |
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Built environment |
The intentionally designed features of human settlement including buildings transportation and public service infrastructure and public spaces. |
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Sociolinquists |
Those who study language in its social and cultural contexts |
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Flexible accumulation |
The increasing flexible strategies that corporations use to accumulate profits in an area of globalization enabled by innovative communication and transportation technologies |
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Stratification |
The uneven distribution of resources and privileges amount participants in groups or culture |
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Structural functionalism |
A conceptual framework positing that each element of society serves a particular function to keep the entire system in equilibrium |
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Climate change |
Changes to the earth climate including global warming produced primarily by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases created by human activity such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation |
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Mental maps of reality |
Cultural classification of what kinds of people exist and the assignment of meaning to those classifications |
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Interview |
A research strategy of gathering data through formal or informal conversation with informants |
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Key informant |
A community! Member who advises the anthropologist on community issues provides feedback and warns against cultural miscues. Also called cultural consultant |
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Archaeology |
The investigation of the human past by means of excavating and analyzing artifacts |
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Paleoanthropology |
The study of the history of human evolution through fossil records |
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Enculturation |
The process of learning culture |
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Qualitative data |
Descriptive data drawn from non-statistical sources including participant observation personal stories interviews and life stories |
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Rapid change |
The dramatic transformations of economics politics and cultural characteristics of contemporary globalization |
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Globalization |
The worldwide intensification of interactions and increased movement of money people goods and ideas within and across national borders |
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Interpretivist approach |
Conceptual framework that sees culture primarily as a symbolic system of deep meaning |
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Symbol |
Anything that signifies something else |
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Primatology |
The study of non-human primates as well as primate fossils to better understand human evolution and early human behavior |
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Reflexivity |
The critical self examination of the role of the anthropologist plays and an awareness that one's identity affect one's field work and theoretical analysis |
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Historical archaeology |
The exploration of the more recent pass through examination of physical remains and artifacts as well as written or oral records |
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Anthropology |
Study of the full scope of human diversity in the application of that knowledge to help people of different backgrounds to better understand one another |
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Ethnology |
The analysis and comparison of ethnographic data across cultures |
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Ethnocentism |
The strong human tendency to believe that one's own culture or way of life is normal natural and superior to the beliefs and practices of others |
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Survey |
An information gathering tool for quantitative data analysis |
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Four field approach |
The use of four interrelated disciplines to study humanity physical anthropology archaeology linguistic anthropology and cultural anthropology |
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Norms |
Ideas or rules about how people should behave in particular situations or towards certain people |
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Power |
The ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence |
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Literature review |
The process of reading all of the available published material about a research site and/or research issues usually done before the field work begins |
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Cultural anthropology |
The study of people's communities behaviors beliefs and institutions including how people make meaning as a live work and play together |
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Agency |
The potential power of individuals and groups to contest cultural norms values symbols mental maps of reality institutions and structures of power |
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Polyvocality |
The practice of using many different voices in Ethnographic writing and research question development allowing the reader to hear more directly from the people in the study |
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Holism |
Commitment to look at the whole picture |
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Mutual transformation |
The potential for both the anthropologist and the members of the community being studied to be transformed by interactions of fieldwork |
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Anonymity |
Protecting the identities of the people involved in the study by changing or omitting their names or other identifying characteristics |
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Social network analysis |
A method for examining relationships in a community often conducted by identifying who people turn to in times of need |
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Anthropologist's toolkit |
The tools needed to conduct fieldwork including a notebook pen camera voice recorder and dictionary |
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Physical anthropology |
The study of humans from a biological perspective particularly focused on human evolution |
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Unilineal cultural evolution |
The theory proposed by nineteenth-century anthropologists that all cultures naturally evolved through the same sequence of stages from the simple to the complex |
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Linguistic anthropology |
The study of human language in the past and present |
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Life history |
A form of interview that traces the biology of a person over time examining changes and illuminating the interlocking network of relationships in the community |
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Etic |
Description of behavior and beliefs from the anthropologists perspective in ways that can be compared across cultures |
