Cold War

Front 1

Iron Curtain Speech 1946

Back 1

Winston Churchill's speech that represents Europe's division into mostly democratic Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe

Front 2

Long Telegram/Containment 1946

Back 2

policy directed at blocking Soviet influence and stopping the expansion of communism

Front 3

Marshall Plan 1947

Back 3

Proposed by George Marshall to give aid to needy European Countries to help rebuild their economies after the end of World War II

Front 4

Berlin Blockade/Airlift 1948

Back 4

Soviet Union cut off highway, water, rail traffic into Berlin's Western Zones. City faced starvation, thought allies would surrender, but American and British officials flew food and supplies for nearly 11 months

Front 5

Creation of Nato (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) 1949

Back 5

10 Western European nations joined with the US and Canada to form a military alliance

Front 6

Korean War 1950

Back 6

North Korea attacks South Korea who is trying to resist Communism

Front 7

Hydrogen Bomb/ Arms Race 1952

Back 7

Truman creates Hydrogen bomb which is much more powerful than the atomic bomb, causes the US and Soviet Union to compete against each other to see who could make the best weapons

Front 8

Warsaw Pact 1955

Back 8

Soviet Union sees NATO as a threat and creates Warsaw Pact which includes the USSR, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania

Front 9

Sputnik 1957

Back 9

Soviets launch Sputnik which is the first successful artificial space satellite

Front 10

U2 Incident 1960

Back 10

secret high altitude planes; Soviets shot down a U2 plane and captured Pilot Francis Gary Powers

Front 11

Berlin Wall 1961

Back 11

Soviets build a wall to separate East and West Berlin so that people from East Berlin could not escape to a communist free West Berlin

Front 12

MAD 1960s

Back 12

Mutually Assured Destruction

Front 13

Vietnam War 1965

Back 13

Vietnamese nationalists and communists joined to fight the French armies

Front 14

Détente 1969

Back 14

policy of lessening Cold War tensions, replaced brinkmanship under President Richard Nixon

Front 15

SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) 1972

Back 15

two rounds of meetings involving the United States and the Soviet Union on the issue of armament control, The US and USSR agreed to limit the number of nuclear missiles in their arsenals.

Front 16

Iranian Revolution 1979

Back 16

When people tried to overthrow the Shah who tried to weaken political influence of Iran's conservative Muslim Leaders.

Front 17

USSR Invades Afghanistan 1979

Back 17

Soviets invaded Afghanistan in order to prop up the communist government of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA)

Front 18

Star Wars 1983

Back 18

program where President Ronald Reagan intended to develop a sophisticated antiballistic missile system in order to prevent missile attacks from other countries (Soviet Union)

Front 19

Democratization 1988

Back 19

transition to more democratic political regime

Front 20

Fall of the Berlin Wall 1989

Back 20

President Ronald Reagan makes speech to ask USSR to tear down the wall, the wall is torn down due to political changes in Europe

Front 21

Collapse of the Soviet Union 1991

Back 21

the country had deep economic and political problems and when Mikhail Gorbachev (USSR's last leader) tried to reform the country, his plans backfired on him and the USSR split up into 15 independent countries