Cold War

Front 1

Marshal Plan

Back 1

economic aid to Europe, refused by the USSR and satellites

Front 2

Stalin dies

Back 2

1953

Front 3

Nikita Khrushchev
(1953-1964)

Back 3

became leader after Stalin, was more open to the west, was overthrown by hardliners within the Soviet union

Front 4

First Thaw

Back 4

under Khrushchev,attempts to build a closer relationship with the west, the gulags were emptied, transplanted minorities allowed to return, 1956 speech denounces Stalin (but still supports lenin and communist ideals)

Front 5

Budapest Revolt, 1956

Back 5

Khrushchev's rforms encourage the Hungarians to seek more freedom,they try to replace stalinistic dictator with relativly liberal communist (Imre Nagy), when he takes power soviet army is sent in to put down rebelion

Front 6

Khrushchev Ousted, 1964

Back 6

while he was on vacation, the politburo deposed Khrushchev and replaced him with Brezhnev

Front 7

Leonid Brezhnev, 1964-1982

Back 7

replaced Khrushchev, more conservative, old, often poor in health

Front 8

Detente

Back 8

Brezhnev's policy:peaceful coexistence with the west, USA and USSR were on roughly equal terms of military might, neither side wanted conflict

Front 9

Andrei Sakharov

Back 9

dissident,scientist and human rights activist, nuclear physisist, exiled to Gorky in 1980

Front 10

Alexander Solzhenitsyn

Back 10

dissident, author, imprisoned 1947-1956, then exiled from the USSR

Front 11

Brezhnev Dictrine

Back 11

the Soviet Union has the right to use military force to keep communist governments