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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does cognitive psychology study?
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the behavior at an individual level, and the study of individuals internal mental processes
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Why is cognitive psychology different than other areas of psychology?
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Cognitive neuroscientists argue convincingly that we need to study the BRAIN as well as behavior while people engage in cognitive tasks
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What was Plato's school of thought?
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Nativism
Knowledge is innate Brain is "hardwired" |
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What was Aristotle's school of thought?
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Empiricism
Knowledge is obtained through experience Brain is a "blank slate" |
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What is Zeitgeist?
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The intellectual climate and culture, includes social economic and political factors
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Why is it important in understanding the changes and systems in psychology?
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Knowing what is going on in a culture shows their beliefs and views which is important to psychological studies.
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When was Behaviorism the prominent paradigm in psychology?
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early 1900's
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What did the behaviorist study?
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Observable behavior
Stimulus->Response |
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When did the Cognitive Revolution occur?
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Mid 1900's
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Why did the Cognitive Revolution occur?
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Philosophy of physics changed
People were unsatisfied with the behaviorists explanation to things There was a change in zeitgeist |
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What did George Miller do?
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Key player in cognitive revolution
He developed allergies to animals so he had to experiment on humans Seminal paper in short-term memory |
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Ulric Neisser
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Key player in the cognitive revolution
"Father of Psychology" published book "Cognitive Psychology" |
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Noam Chompsky
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Key player in Cognitive Revolution
psycholinguist countered Skinner's explanation for language development |
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What are the 4 ways the cognitive psychologist use to understand thought?
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Models: used to describe a process, organizational frameworks
Theories: used to explain processes, similar to a story, not meant to be absolute, can be disproven-but never proven Perspectives: approaches to understanding processes Models: used to describe, ex: memory is like a filing cabinet |
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What is a variable?
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characteristic measured using numerical value, observe through measurement
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Independent Variable
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selected by the experimenter, they have control over it
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Dependent Variable
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selected by the experimenter, but they don't have control over it, the dependent variable is dependent on the independent variable
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What are the units of analysis?
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The group or individual that you are studying
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What are the units of measurement?
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How you are measuring
-count -percent -reaction time -yes/no -neuron firing |
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What is the difference between describing and explaining a phenomena?
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Describing is through observational studies, no manipulation of the variables, and doesn't determine cause or effect
Explaining- experiment studies, manipulate variables, randome assignment, can determine cause and effect |
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Priming Studies
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Say a word that primes the participant to say another word and it is timed
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Eye Tracking Studies
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humans are more dependent on visual information
eye movement is involuntary, attends to the environment |
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Reaction time studies
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amount of time between presentation of stimulus and the reaction
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Five basic principles of ethics in research
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1. Beneficence and Nonmaleficence
2. Fidelity and Responsibility 3. Integrity 4. Justice 5. Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity |
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Most basic cell of the central nervous system
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Neuron
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What are the four lobes of the brain?
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Frontal-planning movements, recent memory, some aspects of emotions
Parietal-body sensations Occipital-vision Temporal-hearing, advanced visual processing |
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What lobe is most responsible for emotion?
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Frontal
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