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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Weber's law? |
states that the just-noticeable difference between two stimuli is proportional to the magnitude of the stimuli
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What is a just noticeable difference? |
JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable
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What is introspection? |
focus on own internal sensations |
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What did Ebbinghaus study? |
studied lists of nonsense syllables |
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What did Ebbinghaus discover? |
several principals of memory |
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Who were the behaviorists? |
Skinner and Watson. focused largely on observable aspects of behavior |
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What was Noam Chomsky's critique on the behaviorist approach? |
behaviorism isnt enough to explain language. behaviorism cant really explain productivity of language, speed of language learning |
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Causes of cognitive revolution |
Chomsky vs. behaviorism Miller's magical number 7 + or - 2 Tolman and cognitive maps |
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What are WEIRDos? |
Western, Educated, industrialised, rich, and democratic |
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What is data-driven/bottom-up processing? |
focus on actual stimuli that are there try to avoid context, prior knowledge |
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What is conceptually-driven/top-down processing? |
use context, prior knowledge, etc, to process information can override the actual stimuli Ex: typos |
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What is controlled processing? |
process that requires conscious effort tends to be slow Ex: driving on Calhoun near campus |
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What is automatic processing? |
process that doesnt require much conscious effort tends to be fast Ex: reading St. Phillip St. correctly |
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What is sensation? |
reception and detection of stimuli |
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What is perception? |
interpretation of stimuli |
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What are the six major human senses? |
sight hearing smell taste touch/pain balance and body position |
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What are some senses we dont have? |
ultraviolet infrared sonar electric fields magnetic fields |
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What is absolute threshold? |
minimum stimulus that can be sensed |
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What is the cause of red eye? |
reflection of blood in the back of the retina |
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what is the tapetum? |
reflective membrane in back of eye of nocturnal animals |
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what is the dorsal stream? |
the where pathway |
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what is the ventral stream? |
the what pathway |
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What is proprioception? |
knowledge of body position |
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What are the two routes to odor detection? |
through the nose postnasal region |
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What are the five basic tastes? |
sweet, sour, umami, bitter, salty |
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difference between taste and flavor? |
taste is only used with your tongue and flavor is influenced by other senses/systems |
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two types of pain |
fast and sharp slow and dull |
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what is the placebo effect? |
inactive substance produces psychological and physiological effects |
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what is referred pain? |
injury to one body part is felt in another body part |
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what are the Gestalt principles of perception? |
proximity, similarity, continuation, closure, and common fate |
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what are geons? |
components to an entire object |
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what is the difference between input attention and controlled attention? |
input attention is more automatic and controlled attention is more "controlled" |
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What is the dichotic listening task? |
playing a different stimuli into each ear |
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What is short term/primary memory? |
information sensed or perceived |
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How many meaningful chunks of information can we remember? |
3-5 |
